Current File : /home/bdmcricketindia.in/public_html/wp-includes/sodium_compat/src/Compat.php
<?php

/**
 * Libsodium compatibility layer
 *
 * This is the only class you should be interfacing with, as a user of
 * sodium_compat.
 *
 * If the PHP extension for libsodium is installed, it will always use that
 * instead of our implementations. You get better performance and stronger
 * guarantees against side-channels that way.
 *
 * However, if your users don't have the PHP extension installed, we offer a
 * compatible interface here. It will give you the correct results as if the
 * PHP extension was installed. It won't be as fast, of course.
 *
 * CAUTION * CAUTION * CAUTION * CAUTION * CAUTION * CAUTION * CAUTION * CAUTION *
 *                                                                               *
 *     Until audited, this is probably not safe to use! DANGER WILL ROBINSON     *
 *                                                                               *
 * CAUTION * CAUTION * CAUTION * CAUTION * CAUTION * CAUTION * CAUTION * CAUTION *
 */

if (class_exists('ParagonIE_Sodium_Compat', false)) {
    return;
}

class ParagonIE_Sodium_Compat
{
    /**
     * This parameter prevents the use of the PECL extension.
     * It should only be used for unit testing.
     *
     * @var bool
     */
    public static $disableFallbackForUnitTests = false;

    /**
     * Use fast multiplication rather than our constant-time multiplication
     * implementation. Can be enabled at runtime. Only enable this if you
     * are absolutely certain that there is no timing leak on your platform.
     *
     * @var bool
     */
    public static $fastMult = false;

    const LIBRARY_MAJOR_VERSION = 9;
    const LIBRARY_MINOR_VERSION = 1;
    const LIBRARY_VERSION_MAJOR = 9;
    const LIBRARY_VERSION_MINOR = 1;
    const VERSION_STRING = 'polyfill-1.0.8';

    // From libsodium
    const BASE64_VARIANT_ORIGINAL = 1;
    const BASE64_VARIANT_ORIGINAL_NO_PADDING = 3;
    const BASE64_VARIANT_URLSAFE = 5;
    const BASE64_VARIANT_URLSAFE_NO_PADDING = 7;
    const CRYPTO_AEAD_AES256GCM_KEYBYTES = 32;
    const CRYPTO_AEAD_AES256GCM_NSECBYTES = 0;
    const CRYPTO_AEAD_AES256GCM_NPUBBYTES = 12;
    const CRYPTO_AEAD_AES256GCM_ABYTES = 16;
    const CRYPTO_AEAD_AEGIS128L_KEYBYTES = 16;
    const CRYPTO_AEAD_AEGIS128L_NSECBYTES = 0;
    const CRYPTO_AEAD_AEGIS128L_NPUBBYTES = 16;
    const CRYPTO_AEAD_AEGIS128L_ABYTES = 32;
    const CRYPTO_AEAD_AEGIS256_KEYBYTES = 32;
    const CRYPTO_AEAD_AEGIS256_NSECBYTES = 0;
    const CRYPTO_AEAD_AEGIS256_NPUBBYTES = 32;
    const CRYPTO_AEAD_AEGIS256_ABYTES = 32;
    const CRYPTO_AEAD_CHACHA20POLY1305_KEYBYTES = 32;
    const CRYPTO_AEAD_CHACHA20POLY1305_NSECBYTES = 0;
    const CRYPTO_AEAD_CHACHA20POLY1305_NPUBBYTES = 8;
    const CRYPTO_AEAD_CHACHA20POLY1305_ABYTES = 16;
    const CRYPTO_AEAD_CHACHA20POLY1305_IETF_KEYBYTES = 32;
    const CRYPTO_AEAD_CHACHA20POLY1305_IETF_NSECBYTES = 0;
    const CRYPTO_AEAD_CHACHA20POLY1305_IETF_NPUBBYTES = 12;
    const CRYPTO_AEAD_CHACHA20POLY1305_IETF_ABYTES = 16;
    const CRYPTO_AEAD_XCHACHA20POLY1305_IETF_KEYBYTES = 32;
    const CRYPTO_AEAD_XCHACHA20POLY1305_IETF_NSECBYTES = 0;
    const CRYPTO_AEAD_XCHACHA20POLY1305_IETF_NPUBBYTES = 24;
    const CRYPTO_AEAD_XCHACHA20POLY1305_IETF_ABYTES = 16;
    const CRYPTO_AUTH_BYTES = 32;
    const CRYPTO_AUTH_KEYBYTES = 32;
    const CRYPTO_BOX_SEALBYTES = 16;
    const CRYPTO_BOX_SECRETKEYBYTES = 32;
    const CRYPTO_BOX_PUBLICKEYBYTES = 32;
    const CRYPTO_BOX_KEYPAIRBYTES = 64;
    const CRYPTO_BOX_MACBYTES = 16;
    const CRYPTO_BOX_NONCEBYTES = 24;
    const CRYPTO_BOX_SEEDBYTES = 32;
    const CRYPTO_CORE_RISTRETTO255_BYTES = 32;
    const CRYPTO_CORE_RISTRETTO255_SCALARBYTES = 32;
    const CRYPTO_CORE_RISTRETTO255_HASHBYTES = 64;
    const CRYPTO_CORE_RISTRETTO255_NONREDUCEDSCALARBYTES = 64;
    const CRYPTO_KDF_BYTES_MIN = 16;
    const CRYPTO_KDF_BYTES_MAX = 64;
    const CRYPTO_KDF_CONTEXTBYTES = 8;
    const CRYPTO_KDF_KEYBYTES = 32;
    const CRYPTO_KX_BYTES = 32;
    const CRYPTO_KX_PRIMITIVE = 'x25519blake2b';
    const CRYPTO_KX_SEEDBYTES = 32;
    const CRYPTO_KX_KEYPAIRBYTES = 64;
    const CRYPTO_KX_PUBLICKEYBYTES = 32;
    const CRYPTO_KX_SECRETKEYBYTES = 32;
    const CRYPTO_KX_SESSIONKEYBYTES = 32;
    const CRYPTO_GENERICHASH_BYTES = 32;
    const CRYPTO_GENERICHASH_BYTES_MIN = 16;
    const CRYPTO_GENERICHASH_BYTES_MAX = 64;
    const CRYPTO_GENERICHASH_KEYBYTES = 32;
    const CRYPTO_GENERICHASH_KEYBYTES_MIN = 16;
    const CRYPTO_GENERICHASH_KEYBYTES_MAX = 64;
    const CRYPTO_PWHASH_SALTBYTES = 16;
    const CRYPTO_PWHASH_STRPREFIX = '$argon2id$';
    const CRYPTO_PWHASH_ALG_ARGON2I13 = 1;
    const CRYPTO_PWHASH_ALG_ARGON2ID13 = 2;
    const CRYPTO_PWHASH_MEMLIMIT_INTERACTIVE = 33554432;
    const CRYPTO_PWHASH_OPSLIMIT_INTERACTIVE = 4;
    const CRYPTO_PWHASH_MEMLIMIT_MODERATE = 134217728;
    const CRYPTO_PWHASH_OPSLIMIT_MODERATE = 6;
    const CRYPTO_PWHASH_MEMLIMIT_SENSITIVE = 536870912;
    const CRYPTO_PWHASH_OPSLIMIT_SENSITIVE = 8;
    const CRYPTO_PWHASH_SCRYPTSALSA208SHA256_SALTBYTES = 32;
    const CRYPTO_PWHASH_SCRYPTSALSA208SHA256_STRPREFIX = '$7$';
    const CRYPTO_PWHASH_SCRYPTSALSA208SHA256_OPSLIMIT_INTERACTIVE = 534288;
    const CRYPTO_PWHASH_SCRYPTSALSA208SHA256_MEMLIMIT_INTERACTIVE = 16777216;
    const CRYPTO_PWHASH_SCRYPTSALSA208SHA256_OPSLIMIT_SENSITIVE = 33554432;
    const CRYPTO_PWHASH_SCRYPTSALSA208SHA256_MEMLIMIT_SENSITIVE = 1073741824;
    const CRYPTO_SCALARMULT_BYTES = 32;
    const CRYPTO_SCALARMULT_SCALARBYTES = 32;
    const CRYPTO_SCALARMULT_RISTRETTO255_BYTES = 32;
    const CRYPTO_SCALARMULT_RISTRETTO255_SCALARBYTES = 32;
    const CRYPTO_SHORTHASH_BYTES = 8;
    const CRYPTO_SHORTHASH_KEYBYTES = 16;
    const CRYPTO_SECRETBOX_KEYBYTES = 32;
    const CRYPTO_SECRETBOX_MACBYTES = 16;
    const CRYPTO_SECRETBOX_NONCEBYTES = 24;
    const CRYPTO_SECRETSTREAM_XCHACHA20POLY1305_ABYTES = 17;
    const CRYPTO_SECRETSTREAM_XCHACHA20POLY1305_HEADERBYTES = 24;
    const CRYPTO_SECRETSTREAM_XCHACHA20POLY1305_KEYBYTES = 32;
    const CRYPTO_SECRETSTREAM_XCHACHA20POLY1305_TAG_PUSH = 0;
    const CRYPTO_SECRETSTREAM_XCHACHA20POLY1305_TAG_PULL = 1;
    const CRYPTO_SECRETSTREAM_XCHACHA20POLY1305_TAG_REKEY = 2;
    const CRYPTO_SECRETSTREAM_XCHACHA20POLY1305_TAG_FINAL = 3;
    const CRYPTO_SECRETSTREAM_XCHACHA20POLY1305_MESSAGEBYTES_MAX = 0x3fffffff80;
    const CRYPTO_SIGN_BYTES = 64;
    const CRYPTO_SIGN_SEEDBYTES = 32;
    const CRYPTO_SIGN_PUBLICKEYBYTES = 32;
    const CRYPTO_SIGN_SECRETKEYBYTES = 64;
    const CRYPTO_SIGN_KEYPAIRBYTES = 96;
    const CRYPTO_STREAM_KEYBYTES = 32;
    const CRYPTO_STREAM_NONCEBYTES = 24;
    const CRYPTO_STREAM_XCHACHA20_KEYBYTES = 32;
    const CRYPTO_STREAM_XCHACHA20_NONCEBYTES = 24;

    /**
     * Add two numbers (little-endian unsigned), storing the value in the first
     * parameter.
     *
     * This mutates $val.
     *
     * @param string $val
     * @param string $addv
     * @return void
     * @throws SodiumException
     */
    public static function add(
        #[\SensitiveParameter]
        &$val,
        #[\SensitiveParameter]
        $addv
    ) {
        $val_len = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::strlen($val);
        $addv_len = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::strlen($addv);
        if ($val_len !== $addv_len) {
            throw new SodiumException('values must have the same length');
        }
        $A = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::stringToIntArray($val);
        $B = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::stringToIntArray($addv);

        $c = 0;
        for ($i = 0; $i < $val_len; $i++) {
            $c += ($A[$i] + $B[$i]);
            $A[$i] = ($c & 0xff);
            $c >>= 8;
        }
        $val = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::intArrayToString($A);
    }

    /**
     * @param string $encoded
     * @param int $variant
     * @param string $ignore
     * @return string
     * @throws SodiumException
     */
    public static function base642bin(
        #[\SensitiveParameter]
        $encoded,
        $variant,
        $ignore = ''
    ) {
        /* Type checks: */
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::declareScalarType($encoded, 'string', 1);

        /** @var string $encoded */
        $encoded = (string) $encoded;
        if (ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::strlen($encoded) === 0) {
            return '';
        }

        // Just strip before decoding
        if (!empty($ignore)) {
            $encoded = str_replace($ignore, '', $encoded);
        }

        try {
            switch ($variant) {
                case self::BASE64_VARIANT_ORIGINAL:
                    return ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Base64_Original::decode($encoded, true);
                case self::BASE64_VARIANT_ORIGINAL_NO_PADDING:
                    return ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Base64_Original::decode($encoded, false);
                case self::BASE64_VARIANT_URLSAFE:
                    return ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Base64_UrlSafe::decode($encoded, true);
                case self::BASE64_VARIANT_URLSAFE_NO_PADDING:
                    return ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Base64_UrlSafe::decode($encoded, false);
                default:
                    throw new SodiumException('invalid base64 variant identifier');
            }
        } catch (Exception $ex) {
            if ($ex instanceof SodiumException) {
                throw $ex;
            }
            throw new SodiumException('invalid base64 string');
        }
    }

    /**
     * @param string $decoded
     * @param int $variant
     * @return string
     * @throws SodiumException
     */
    public static function bin2base64(
        #[\SensitiveParameter]
        $decoded,
        $variant
    ) {
        /* Type checks: */
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::declareScalarType($decoded, 'string', 1);
        /** @var string $decoded */
        $decoded = (string) $decoded;
        if (ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::strlen($decoded) === 0) {
            return '';
        }

        switch ($variant) {
            case self::BASE64_VARIANT_ORIGINAL:
                return ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Base64_Original::encode($decoded);
            case self::BASE64_VARIANT_ORIGINAL_NO_PADDING:
                return ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Base64_Original::encodeUnpadded($decoded);
            case self::BASE64_VARIANT_URLSAFE:
                return ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Base64_UrlSafe::encode($decoded);
            case self::BASE64_VARIANT_URLSAFE_NO_PADDING:
                return ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Base64_UrlSafe::encodeUnpadded($decoded);
            default:
                throw new SodiumException('invalid base64 variant identifier');
        }
    }

    /**
     * Cache-timing-safe implementation of bin2hex().
     *
     * @param string $string A string (probably raw binary)
     * @return string        A hexadecimal-encoded string
     * @throws SodiumException
     * @throws TypeError
     * @psalm-suppress MixedArgument
     */
    public static function bin2hex(
        #[\SensitiveParameter]
        $string
    ) {
        /* Type checks: */
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::declareScalarType($string, 'string', 1);

        if (self::useNewSodiumAPI()) {
            return (string) sodium_bin2hex($string);
        }
        if (self::use_fallback('bin2hex')) {
            return (string) call_user_func('\\Sodium\\bin2hex', $string);
        }
        return ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::bin2hex($string);
    }

    /**
     * Compare two strings, in constant-time.
     * Compared to memcmp(), compare() is more useful for sorting.
     *
     * @param string $left  The left operand; must be a string
     * @param string $right The right operand; must be a string
     * @return int          If < 0 if the left operand is less than the right
     *                      If = 0 if both strings are equal
     *                      If > 0 if the right operand is less than the left
     * @throws SodiumException
     * @throws TypeError
     * @psalm-suppress MixedArgument
     */
    public static function compare(
        #[\SensitiveParameter]
        $left,
        #[\SensitiveParameter]
        $right
    ) {
        /* Type checks: */
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::declareScalarType($left, 'string', 1);
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::declareScalarType($right, 'string', 2);

        if (self::useNewSodiumAPI()) {
            return (int) sodium_compare($left, $right);
        }
        if (self::use_fallback('compare')) {
            return (int) call_user_func('\\Sodium\\compare', $left, $right);
        }
        return ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::compare($left, $right);
    }

    /**
     * Authenticated Encryption with Associated Data: Decryption
     *
     * Algorithm:
     *     AEGIS-128L
     *
     * @param string $ciphertext Encrypted message (with MAC appended)
     * @param string $assocData  Authenticated Associated Data (unencrypted)
     * @param string $nonce      Number to be used only Once; must be 32 bytes
     * @param string $key        Encryption key
     *
     * @return string            The original plaintext message
     * @throws SodiumException
     * @throws TypeError
     * @psalm-suppress MixedArgument
     * @psalm-suppress MixedInferredReturnType
     * @psalm-suppress MixedReturnStatement
     */
    public static function crypto_aead_aegis128l_decrypt(
        $ciphertext = '',
        $assocData = '',
        $nonce = '',
        #[\SensitiveParameter]
        $key = ''
    ) {
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::declareScalarType($ciphertext, 'string', 1);
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::declareScalarType($assocData, 'string', 2);
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::declareScalarType($nonce, 'string', 3);
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::declareScalarType($key, 'string', 4);

        /* Input validation: */
        if (ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::strlen($nonce) !== self::CRYPTO_AEAD_AEGIS128L_NPUBBYTES) {
            throw new SodiumException('Nonce must be CRYPTO_AEAD_AEGIS_128L_NPUBBYTES long');
        }
        if (ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::strlen($key) !== self::CRYPTO_AEAD_AEGIS128L_KEYBYTES) {
            throw new SodiumException('Key must be CRYPTO_AEAD_AEGIS128L_KEYBYTES long');
        }
        $ct_length = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::strlen($ciphertext);
        if ($ct_length < self::CRYPTO_AEAD_AEGIS128L_ABYTES) {
            throw new SodiumException('Message must be at least CRYPTO_AEAD_AEGIS128L_ABYTES long');
        }

        $ct = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::substr(
            $ciphertext,
            0,
            $ct_length - self::CRYPTO_AEAD_AEGIS128L_ABYTES
        );
        $tag = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::substr(
            $ciphertext,
            $ct_length - self::CRYPTO_AEAD_AEGIS128L_ABYTES,
            self::CRYPTO_AEAD_AEGIS128L_ABYTES
        );
        return ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_AEGIS128L::decrypt($ct, $tag, $assocData, $key, $nonce);
    }

    /**
     * Authenticated Encryption with Associated Data: Encryption
     *
     * Algorithm:
     *     AEGIS-128L
     *
     * @param string $plaintext Message to be encrypted
     * @param string $assocData Authenticated Associated Data (unencrypted)
     * @param string $nonce     Number to be used only Once; must be 32 bytes
     * @param string $key       Encryption key
     *
     * @return string           Ciphertext with 32-byte authentication tag appended
     * @throws SodiumException
     * @throws TypeError
     * @psalm-suppress MixedArgument
     */
    public static function crypto_aead_aegis128l_encrypt(
        #[\SensitiveParameter]
        $plaintext = '',
        $assocData = '',
        $nonce = '',
        #[\SensitiveParameter]
        $key = ''
    ) {
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::declareScalarType($plaintext, 'string', 1);
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::declareScalarType($assocData, 'string', 2);
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::declareScalarType($nonce, 'string', 3);
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::declareScalarType($key, 'string', 4);

        /* Input validation: */
        if (ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::strlen($nonce) !== self::CRYPTO_AEAD_AEGIS128L_NPUBBYTES) {
            throw new SodiumException('Nonce must be CRYPTO_AEAD_AEGIS128L_KEYBYTES long');
        }
        if (ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::strlen($key) !== self::CRYPTO_AEAD_AEGIS128L_KEYBYTES) {
            throw new SodiumException('Key must be CRYPTO_AEAD_AEGIS128L_KEYBYTES long');
        }

        list($ct, $tag) = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_AEGIS128L::encrypt($plaintext, $assocData, $key, $nonce);
        return $ct . $tag;
    }

    /**
     * Return a secure random key for use with the AEGIS-128L
     * symmetric AEAD interface.
     *
     * @return string
     * @throws Exception
     * @throws Error
     */
    public static function crypto_aead_aegis128l_keygen()
    {
        return random_bytes(self::CRYPTO_AEAD_AEGIS128L_KEYBYTES);
    }

    /**
     * Authenticated Encryption with Associated Data: Decryption
     *
     * Algorithm:
     *     AEGIS-256
     *
     * @param string $ciphertext Encrypted message (with MAC appended)
     * @param string $assocData  Authenticated Associated Data (unencrypted)
     * @param string $nonce      Number to be used only Once; must be 32 bytes
     * @param string $key        Encryption key
     *
     * @return string            The original plaintext message
     * @throws SodiumException
     * @throws TypeError
     * @psalm-suppress MixedArgument
     * @psalm-suppress MixedInferredReturnType
     * @psalm-suppress MixedReturnStatement
     */
    public static function crypto_aead_aegis256_decrypt(
        $ciphertext = '',
        $assocData = '',
        $nonce = '',
        #[\SensitiveParameter]
        $key = ''
    ) {
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::declareScalarType($ciphertext, 'string', 1);
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::declareScalarType($assocData, 'string', 2);
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::declareScalarType($nonce, 'string', 3);
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::declareScalarType($key, 'string', 4);

        /* Input validation: */
        if (ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::strlen($nonce) !== self::CRYPTO_AEAD_AEGIS256_NPUBBYTES) {
            throw new SodiumException('Nonce must be CRYPTO_AEAD_AEGIS256_NPUBBYTES long');
        }
        if (ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::strlen($key) !== self::CRYPTO_AEAD_AEGIS256_KEYBYTES) {
            throw new SodiumException('Key must be CRYPTO_AEAD_AEGIS256_KEYBYTES long');
        }
        $ct_length = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::strlen($ciphertext);
        if ($ct_length < self::CRYPTO_AEAD_AEGIS256_ABYTES) {
            throw new SodiumException('Message must be at least CRYPTO_AEAD_AEGIS256_ABYTES long');
        }

        $ct = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::substr(
            $ciphertext,
            0,
            $ct_length - self::CRYPTO_AEAD_AEGIS256_ABYTES
        );
        $tag = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::substr(
            $ciphertext,
            $ct_length - self::CRYPTO_AEAD_AEGIS256_ABYTES,
            self::CRYPTO_AEAD_AEGIS256_ABYTES
        );
        return ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_AEGIS256::decrypt($ct, $tag, $assocData, $key, $nonce);
    }

    /**
     * Authenticated Encryption with Associated Data: Encryption
     *
     * Algorithm:
     *     AEGIS-256
     *
     * @param string $plaintext Message to be encrypted
     * @param string $assocData Authenticated Associated Data (unencrypted)
     * @param string $nonce Number to be used only Once; must be 32 bytes
     * @param string $key Encryption key
     *
     * @return string           Ciphertext with 32-byte authentication tag appended
     * @throws SodiumException
     * @throws TypeError
     * @psalm-suppress MixedArgument
     */
    public static function crypto_aead_aegis256_encrypt(
        #[\SensitiveParameter]
        $plaintext = '',
        $assocData = '',
        $nonce = '',
        #[\SensitiveParameter]
        $key = ''
    ) {
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::declareScalarType($plaintext, 'string', 1);
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::declareScalarType($assocData, 'string', 2);
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::declareScalarType($nonce, 'string', 3);
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::declareScalarType($key, 'string', 4);

        /* Input validation: */
        if (ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::strlen($nonce) !== self::CRYPTO_AEAD_AEGIS256_NPUBBYTES) {
            throw new SodiumException('Nonce must be CRYPTO_AEAD_AEGIS128L_KEYBYTES long');
        }
        if (ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::strlen($key) !== self::CRYPTO_AEAD_AEGIS256_KEYBYTES) {
            throw new SodiumException('Key must be CRYPTO_AEAD_AEGIS128L_KEYBYTES long');
        }

        list($ct, $tag) = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_AEGIS256::encrypt($plaintext, $assocData, $key, $nonce);
        return $ct . $tag;
    }

    /**
     * Return a secure random key for use with the AEGIS-256
     * symmetric AEAD interface.
     *
     * @return string
     * @throws Exception
     * @throws Error
     */
    public static function crypto_aead_aegis256_keygen()
    {
        return random_bytes(self::CRYPTO_AEAD_AEGIS256_KEYBYTES);
    }

    /**
     * Is AES-256-GCM even available to use?
     *
     * @return bool
     * @psalm-suppress UndefinedFunction
     * @psalm-suppress MixedInferredReturnType
     * @psalm-suppress MixedReturnStatement
     */
    public static function crypto_aead_aes256gcm_is_available()
    {
        if (self::useNewSodiumAPI()) {
            return sodium_crypto_aead_aes256gcm_is_available();
        }
        if (self::use_fallback('crypto_aead_aes256gcm_is_available')) {
            return call_user_func('\\Sodium\\crypto_aead_aes256gcm_is_available');
        }
        if (PHP_VERSION_ID < 70100) {
            // OpenSSL doesn't support AEAD before 7.1.0
            return false;
        }
        if (!is_callable('openssl_encrypt') || !is_callable('openssl_decrypt')) {
            // OpenSSL isn't installed
            return false;
        }
        return (bool) in_array('aes-256-gcm', openssl_get_cipher_methods());
    }

    /**
     * Authenticated Encryption with Associated Data: Decryption
     *
     * Algorithm:
     *     AES-256-GCM
     *
     * This mode uses a 64-bit random nonce with a 64-bit counter.
     * IETF mode uses a 96-bit random nonce with a 32-bit counter.
     *
     * @param string $ciphertext Encrypted message (with Poly1305 MAC appended)
     * @param string $assocData  Authenticated Associated Data (unencrypted)
     * @param string $nonce      Number to be used only Once; must be 8 bytes
     * @param string $key        Encryption key
     *
     * @return string|bool       The original plaintext message
     * @throws SodiumException
     * @throws TypeError
     * @psalm-suppress MixedArgument
     * @psalm-suppress MixedInferredReturnType
     * @psalm-suppress MixedReturnStatement
     */
    public static function crypto_aead_aes256gcm_decrypt(
        $ciphertext = '',
        $assocData = '',
        $nonce = '',
        #[\SensitiveParameter]
        $key = ''
    ) {
        if (!self::crypto_aead_aes256gcm_is_available()) {
            throw new SodiumException('AES-256-GCM is not available');
        }
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::declareScalarType($ciphertext, 'string', 1);
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::declareScalarType($assocData, 'string', 2);
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::declareScalarType($nonce, 'string', 3);
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::declareScalarType($key, 'string', 4);

        /* Input validation: */
        if (ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::strlen($nonce) !== self::CRYPTO_AEAD_AES256GCM_NPUBBYTES) {
            throw new SodiumException('Nonce must be CRYPTO_AEAD_AES256GCM_NPUBBYTES long');
        }
        if (ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::strlen($key) !== self::CRYPTO_AEAD_AES256GCM_KEYBYTES) {
            throw new SodiumException('Key must be CRYPTO_AEAD_AES256GCM_KEYBYTES long');
        }
        if (ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::strlen($ciphertext) < self::CRYPTO_AEAD_AES256GCM_ABYTES) {
            throw new SodiumException('Message must be at least CRYPTO_AEAD_AES256GCM_ABYTES long');
        }
        if (!is_callable('openssl_decrypt')) {
            throw new SodiumException('The OpenSSL extension is not installed, or openssl_decrypt() is not available');
        }

        /** @var string $ctext */
        $ctext = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::substr($ciphertext, 0, -self::CRYPTO_AEAD_AES256GCM_ABYTES);
        /** @var string $authTag */
        $authTag = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::substr($ciphertext, -self::CRYPTO_AEAD_AES256GCM_ABYTES, 16);
        return openssl_decrypt(
            $ctext,
            'aes-256-gcm',
            $key,
            OPENSSL_RAW_DATA,
            $nonce,
            $authTag,
            $assocData
        );
    }

    /**
     * Authenticated Encryption with Associated Data: Encryption
     *
     * Algorithm:
     *     AES-256-GCM
     *
     * @param string $plaintext Message to be encrypted
     * @param string $assocData Authenticated Associated Data (unencrypted)
     * @param string $nonce     Number to be used only Once; must be 8 bytes
     * @param string $key       Encryption key
     *
     * @return string           Ciphertext with a 16-byte GCM message
     *                          authentication code appended
     * @throws SodiumException
     * @throws TypeError
     * @psalm-suppress MixedArgument
     */
    public static function crypto_aead_aes256gcm_encrypt(
        #[\SensitiveParameter]
        $plaintext = '',
        $assocData = '',
        $nonce = '',
        #[\SensitiveParameter]
        $key = ''
    ) {
        if (!self::crypto_aead_aes256gcm_is_available()) {
            throw new SodiumException('AES-256-GCM is not available');
        }
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::declareScalarType($plaintext, 'string', 1);
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::declareScalarType($assocData, 'string', 2);
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::declareScalarType($nonce, 'string', 3);
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::declareScalarType($key, 'string', 4);

        /* Input validation: */
        if (ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::strlen($nonce) !== self::CRYPTO_AEAD_AES256GCM_NPUBBYTES) {
            throw new SodiumException('Nonce must be CRYPTO_AEAD_AES256GCM_NPUBBYTES long');
        }
        if (ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::strlen($key) !== self::CRYPTO_AEAD_AES256GCM_KEYBYTES) {
            throw new SodiumException('Key must be CRYPTO_AEAD_AES256GCM_KEYBYTES long');
        }

        if (!is_callable('openssl_encrypt')) {
            throw new SodiumException('The OpenSSL extension is not installed, or openssl_encrypt() is not available');
        }

        $authTag = '';
        $ciphertext = openssl_encrypt(
            $plaintext,
            'aes-256-gcm',
            $key,
            OPENSSL_RAW_DATA,
            $nonce,
            $authTag,
            $assocData
        );
        return $ciphertext . $authTag;
    }

    /**
     * Return a secure random key for use with the AES-256-GCM
     * symmetric AEAD interface.
     *
     * @return string
     * @throws Exception
     * @throws Error
     */
    public static function crypto_aead_aes256gcm_keygen()
    {
        return random_bytes(self::CRYPTO_AEAD_AES256GCM_KEYBYTES);
    }

    /**
     * Authenticated Encryption with Associated Data: Decryption
     *
     * Algorithm:
     *     ChaCha20-Poly1305
     *
     * This mode uses a 64-bit random nonce with a 64-bit counter.
     * IETF mode uses a 96-bit random nonce with a 32-bit counter.
     *
     * @param string $ciphertext Encrypted message (with Poly1305 MAC appended)
     * @param string $assocData  Authenticated Associated Data (unencrypted)
     * @param string $nonce      Number to be used only Once; must be 8 bytes
     * @param string $key        Encryption key
     *
     * @return string            The original plaintext message
     * @throws SodiumException
     * @throws TypeError
     * @psalm-suppress MixedArgument
     * @psalm-suppress MixedInferredReturnType
     * @psalm-suppress MixedReturnStatement
     */
    public static function crypto_aead_chacha20poly1305_decrypt(
        $ciphertext = '',
        $assocData = '',
        $nonce = '',
        #[\SensitiveParameter]
        $key = ''
    ) {
        /* Type checks: */
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::declareScalarType($ciphertext, 'string', 1);
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::declareScalarType($assocData, 'string', 2);
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::declareScalarType($nonce, 'string', 3);
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::declareScalarType($key, 'string', 4);

        /* Input validation: */
        if (ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::strlen($nonce) !== self::CRYPTO_AEAD_CHACHA20POLY1305_NPUBBYTES) {
            throw new SodiumException('Nonce must be CRYPTO_AEAD_CHACHA20POLY1305_NPUBBYTES long');
        }
        if (ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::strlen($key) !== self::CRYPTO_AEAD_CHACHA20POLY1305_KEYBYTES) {
            throw new SodiumException('Key must be CRYPTO_AEAD_CHACHA20POLY1305_KEYBYTES long');
        }
        if (ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::strlen($ciphertext) < self::CRYPTO_AEAD_CHACHA20POLY1305_ABYTES) {
            throw new SodiumException('Message must be at least CRYPTO_AEAD_CHACHA20POLY1305_ABYTES long');
        }

        if (self::useNewSodiumAPI()) {
            /**
             * @psalm-suppress InvalidReturnStatement
             * @psalm-suppress FalsableReturnStatement
             */
            return sodium_crypto_aead_chacha20poly1305_decrypt(
                $ciphertext,
                $assocData,
                $nonce,
                $key
            );
        }
        if (self::use_fallback('crypto_aead_chacha20poly1305_decrypt')) {
            return call_user_func(
                '\\Sodium\\crypto_aead_chacha20poly1305_decrypt',
                $ciphertext,
                $assocData,
                $nonce,
                $key
            );
        }
        if (PHP_INT_SIZE === 4) {
            return ParagonIE_Sodium_Crypto32::aead_chacha20poly1305_decrypt(
                $ciphertext,
                $assocData,
                $nonce,
                $key
            );
        }
        return ParagonIE_Sodium_Crypto::aead_chacha20poly1305_decrypt(
            $ciphertext,
            $assocData,
            $nonce,
            $key
        );
    }

    /**
     * Authenticated Encryption with Associated Data
     *
     * Algorithm:
     *     ChaCha20-Poly1305
     *
     * This mode uses a 64-bit random nonce with a 64-bit counter.
     * IETF mode uses a 96-bit random nonce with a 32-bit counter.
     *
     * @param string $plaintext Message to be encrypted
     * @param string $assocData Authenticated Associated Data (unencrypted)
     * @param string $nonce     Number to be used only Once; must be 8 bytes
     * @param string $key       Encryption key
     *
     * @return string           Ciphertext with a 16-byte Poly1305 message
     *                          authentication code appended
     * @throws SodiumException
     * @throws TypeError
     * @psalm-suppress MixedArgument
     */
    public static function crypto_aead_chacha20poly1305_encrypt(
        #[\SensitiveParameter]
        $plaintext = '',
        $assocData = '',
        $nonce = '',
        #[\SensitiveParameter]
        $key = ''
    ) {
        /* Type checks: */
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::declareScalarType($plaintext, 'string', 1);
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::declareScalarType($assocData, 'string', 2);
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::declareScalarType($nonce, 'string', 3);
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::declareScalarType($key, 'string', 4);

        /* Input validation: */
        if (ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::strlen($nonce) !== self::CRYPTO_AEAD_CHACHA20POLY1305_NPUBBYTES) {
            throw new SodiumException('Nonce must be CRYPTO_AEAD_CHACHA20POLY1305_NPUBBYTES long');
        }
        if (ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::strlen($key) !== self::CRYPTO_AEAD_CHACHA20POLY1305_KEYBYTES) {
            throw new SodiumException('Key must be CRYPTO_AEAD_CHACHA20POLY1305_KEYBYTES long');
        }

        if (self::useNewSodiumAPI()) {
            return (string) sodium_crypto_aead_chacha20poly1305_encrypt(
                $plaintext,
                $assocData,
                $nonce,
                $key
            );
        }
        if (self::use_fallback('crypto_aead_chacha20poly1305_encrypt')) {
            return (string) call_user_func(
                '\\Sodium\\crypto_aead_chacha20poly1305_encrypt',
                $plaintext,
                $assocData,
                $nonce,
                $key
            );
        }
        if (PHP_INT_SIZE === 4) {
            return ParagonIE_Sodium_Crypto32::aead_chacha20poly1305_encrypt(
                $plaintext,
                $assocData,
                $nonce,
                $key
            );
        }
        return ParagonIE_Sodium_Crypto::aead_chacha20poly1305_encrypt(
            $plaintext,
            $assocData,
            $nonce,
            $key
        );
    }

    /**
     * Authenticated Encryption with Associated Data: Decryption
     *
     * Algorithm:
     *     ChaCha20-Poly1305
     *
     * IETF mode uses a 96-bit random nonce with a 32-bit counter.
     * Regular mode uses a 64-bit random nonce with a 64-bit counter.
     *
     * @param string $ciphertext Encrypted message (with Poly1305 MAC appended)
     * @param string $assocData  Authenticated Associated Data (unencrypted)
     * @param string $nonce      Number to be used only Once; must be 12 bytes
     * @param string $key        Encryption key
     *
     * @return string            The original plaintext message
     * @throws SodiumException
     * @throws TypeError
     * @psalm-suppress MixedArgument
     * @psalm-suppress MixedInferredReturnType
     * @psalm-suppress MixedReturnStatement
     */
    public static function crypto_aead_chacha20poly1305_ietf_decrypt(
        $ciphertext = '',
        $assocData = '',
        $nonce = '',
        #[\SensitiveParameter]
        $key = ''
    ) {
        /* Type checks: */
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::declareScalarType($ciphertext, 'string', 1);
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::declareScalarType($assocData, 'string', 2);
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::declareScalarType($nonce, 'string', 3);
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::declareScalarType($key, 'string', 4);

        /* Input validation: */
        if (ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::strlen($nonce) !== self::CRYPTO_AEAD_CHACHA20POLY1305_IETF_NPUBBYTES) {
            throw new SodiumException('Nonce must be CRYPTO_AEAD_CHACHA20POLY1305_IETF_NPUBBYTES long');
        }
        if (ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::strlen($key) !== self::CRYPTO_AEAD_CHACHA20POLY1305_KEYBYTES) {
            throw new SodiumException('Key must be CRYPTO_AEAD_CHACHA20POLY1305_KEYBYTES long');
        }
        if (ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::strlen($ciphertext) < self::CRYPTO_AEAD_CHACHA20POLY1305_ABYTES) {
            throw new SodiumException('Message must be at least CRYPTO_AEAD_CHACHA20POLY1305_ABYTES long');
        }

        if (self::useNewSodiumAPI()) {
            /**
             * @psalm-suppress InvalidReturnStatement
             * @psalm-suppress FalsableReturnStatement
             */
            return sodium_crypto_aead_chacha20poly1305_ietf_decrypt(
                $ciphertext,
                $assocData,
                $nonce,
                $key
            );
        }
        if (self::use_fallback('crypto_aead_chacha20poly1305_ietf_decrypt')) {
            return call_user_func(
                '\\Sodium\\crypto_aead_chacha20poly1305_ietf_decrypt',
                $ciphertext,
                $assocData,
                $nonce,
                $key
            );
        }
        if (PHP_INT_SIZE === 4) {
            return ParagonIE_Sodium_Crypto32::aead_chacha20poly1305_ietf_decrypt(
                $ciphertext,
                $assocData,
                $nonce,
                $key
            );
        }
        return ParagonIE_Sodium_Crypto::aead_chacha20poly1305_ietf_decrypt(
            $ciphertext,
            $assocData,
            $nonce,
            $key
        );
    }

    /**
     * Return a secure random key for use with the ChaCha20-Poly1305
     * symmetric AEAD interface.
     *
     * @return string
     * @throws Exception
     * @throws Error
     */
    public static function crypto_aead_chacha20poly1305_keygen()
    {
        return random_bytes(self::CRYPTO_AEAD_CHACHA20POLY1305_KEYBYTES);
    }

    /**
     * Authenticated Encryption with Associated Data
     *
     * Algorithm:
     *     ChaCha20-Poly1305
     *
     * IETF mode uses a 96-bit random nonce with a 32-bit counter.
     * Regular mode uses a 64-bit random nonce with a 64-bit counter.
     *
     * @param string $plaintext Message to be encrypted
     * @param string $assocData Authenticated Associated Data (unencrypted)
     * @param string $nonce Number to be used only Once; must be 8 bytes
     * @param string $key Encryption key
     *
     * @return string           Ciphertext with a 16-byte Poly1305 message
     *                          authentication code appended
     * @throws SodiumException
     * @throws TypeError
     * @psalm-suppress MixedArgument
     */
    public static function crypto_aead_chacha20poly1305_ietf_encrypt(
        #[\SensitiveParameter]
        $plaintext = '',
        $assocData = '',
        $nonce = '',
        #[\SensitiveParameter]
        $key = ''
    ) {
        /* Type checks: */
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::declareScalarType($plaintext, 'string', 1);
        if (!is_null($assocData)) {
            ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::declareScalarType($assocData, 'string', 2);
        }
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::declareScalarType($nonce, 'string', 3);
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::declareScalarType($key, 'string', 4);

        /* Input validation: */
        if (ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::strlen($nonce) !== self::CRYPTO_AEAD_CHACHA20POLY1305_IETF_NPUBBYTES) {
            throw new SodiumException('Nonce must be CRYPTO_AEAD_CHACHA20POLY1305_IETF_NPUBBYTES long');
        }
        if (ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::strlen($key) !== self::CRYPTO_AEAD_CHACHA20POLY1305_KEYBYTES) {
            throw new SodiumException('Key must be CRYPTO_AEAD_CHACHA20POLY1305_KEYBYTES long');
        }

        if (self::useNewSodiumAPI()) {
            return (string) sodium_crypto_aead_chacha20poly1305_ietf_encrypt(
                $plaintext,
                $assocData,
                $nonce,
                $key
            );
        }
        if (self::use_fallback('crypto_aead_chacha20poly1305_ietf_encrypt')) {
            return (string) call_user_func(
                '\\Sodium\\crypto_aead_chacha20poly1305_ietf_encrypt',
                $plaintext,
                $assocData,
                $nonce,
                $key
            );
        }
        if (PHP_INT_SIZE === 4) {
            return ParagonIE_Sodium_Crypto32::aead_chacha20poly1305_ietf_encrypt(
                $plaintext,
                $assocData,
                $nonce,
                $key
            );
        }
        return ParagonIE_Sodium_Crypto::aead_chacha20poly1305_ietf_encrypt(
            $plaintext,
            $assocData,
            $nonce,
            $key
        );
    }

    /**
     * Return a secure random key for use with the ChaCha20-Poly1305
     * symmetric AEAD interface. (IETF version)
     *
     * @return string
     * @throws Exception
     * @throws Error
     */
    public static function crypto_aead_chacha20poly1305_ietf_keygen()
    {
        return random_bytes(self::CRYPTO_AEAD_CHACHA20POLY1305_IETF_KEYBYTES);
    }

    /**
     * Authenticated Encryption with Associated Data: Decryption
     *
     * Algorithm:
     *     XChaCha20-Poly1305
     *
     * This mode uses a 64-bit random nonce with a 64-bit counter.
     * IETF mode uses a 96-bit random nonce with a 32-bit counter.
     *
     * @param string $ciphertext   Encrypted message (with Poly1305 MAC appended)
     * @param string $assocData    Authenticated Associated Data (unencrypted)
     * @param string $nonce        Number to be used only Once; must be 8 bytes
     * @param string $key          Encryption key
     * @param bool   $dontFallback Don't fallback to ext/sodium
     *
     * @return string|bool         The original plaintext message
     * @throws SodiumException
     * @throws TypeError
     * @psalm-suppress MixedArgument
     */
    public static function crypto_aead_xchacha20poly1305_ietf_decrypt(
        $ciphertext = '',
        $assocData = '',
        $nonce = '',
        #[\SensitiveParameter]
        $key = '',
        $dontFallback = false
    ) {
        /* Type checks: */
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::declareScalarType($ciphertext, 'string', 1);
        if (!is_null($assocData)) {
            ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::declareScalarType($assocData, 'string', 2);
        } else {
            $assocData = '';
        }
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::declareScalarType($nonce, 'string', 3);
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::declareScalarType($key, 'string', 4);

        /* Input validation: */
        if (ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::strlen($nonce) !== self::CRYPTO_AEAD_XCHACHA20POLY1305_IETF_NPUBBYTES) {
            throw new SodiumException('Nonce must be CRYPTO_AEAD_XCHACHA20POLY1305_IETF_NPUBBYTES long');
        }
        if (ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::strlen($key) !== self::CRYPTO_AEAD_XCHACHA20POLY1305_IETF_KEYBYTES) {
            throw new SodiumException('Key must be CRYPTO_AEAD_XCHACHA20POLY1305_IETF_KEYBYTES long');
        }
        if (ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::strlen($ciphertext) < self::CRYPTO_AEAD_XCHACHA20POLY1305_IETF_ABYTES) {
            throw new SodiumException('Message must be at least CRYPTO_AEAD_XCHACHA20POLY1305_IETF_ABYTES long');
        }
        if (self::useNewSodiumAPI() && !$dontFallback) {
            if (is_callable('sodium_crypto_aead_xchacha20poly1305_ietf_decrypt')) {
                return sodium_crypto_aead_xchacha20poly1305_ietf_decrypt(
                    $ciphertext,
                    $assocData,
                    $nonce,
                    $key
                );
            }
        }

        if (PHP_INT_SIZE === 4) {
            return ParagonIE_Sodium_Crypto32::aead_xchacha20poly1305_ietf_decrypt(
                $ciphertext,
                $assocData,
                $nonce,
                $key
            );
        }
        return ParagonIE_Sodium_Crypto::aead_xchacha20poly1305_ietf_decrypt(
            $ciphertext,
            $assocData,
            $nonce,
            $key
        );
    }

    /**
     * Authenticated Encryption with Associated Data
     *
     * Algorithm:
     *     XChaCha20-Poly1305
     *
     * This mode uses a 64-bit random nonce with a 64-bit counter.
     * IETF mode uses a 96-bit random nonce with a 32-bit counter.
     *
     * @param string $plaintext    Message to be encrypted
     * @param string $assocData    Authenticated Associated Data (unencrypted)
     * @param string $nonce        Number to be used only Once; must be 8 bytes
     * @param string $key          Encryption key
     * @param bool   $dontFallback Don't fallback to ext/sodium
     *
     * @return string           Ciphertext with a 16-byte Poly1305 message
     *                          authentication code appended
     * @throws SodiumException
     * @throws TypeError
     * @psalm-suppress MixedArgument
     */
    public static function crypto_aead_xchacha20poly1305_ietf_encrypt(
        #[\SensitiveParameter]
        $plaintext = '',
        $assocData = '',
        $nonce = '',
        #[\SensitiveParameter]
        $key = '',
        $dontFallback = false
    ) {
        /* Type checks: */
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::declareScalarType($plaintext, 'string', 1);
        if (!is_null($assocData)) {
            ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::declareScalarType($assocData, 'string', 2);
        } else {
            $assocData = '';
        }
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::declareScalarType($nonce, 'string', 3);
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::declareScalarType($key, 'string', 4);

        /* Input validation: */
        if (ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::strlen($nonce) !== self::CRYPTO_AEAD_XCHACHA20POLY1305_IETF_NPUBBYTES) {
            throw new SodiumException('Nonce must be CRYPTO_AEAD_XCHACHA20POLY1305_NPUBBYTES long');
        }
        if (ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::strlen($key) !== self::CRYPTO_AEAD_XCHACHA20POLY1305_IETF_KEYBYTES) {
            throw new SodiumException('Key must be CRYPTO_AEAD_XCHACHA20POLY1305_KEYBYTES long');
        }
        if (self::useNewSodiumAPI() && !$dontFallback) {
            if (is_callable('sodium_crypto_aead_xchacha20poly1305_ietf_encrypt')) {
                return sodium_crypto_aead_xchacha20poly1305_ietf_encrypt(
                    $plaintext,
                    $assocData,
                    $nonce,
                    $key
                );
            }
        }

        if (PHP_INT_SIZE === 4) {
            return ParagonIE_Sodium_Crypto32::aead_xchacha20poly1305_ietf_encrypt(
                $plaintext,
                $assocData,
                $nonce,
                $key
            );
        }
        return ParagonIE_Sodium_Crypto::aead_xchacha20poly1305_ietf_encrypt(
            $plaintext,
            $assocData,
            $nonce,
            $key
        );
    }

    /**
     * Return a secure random key for use with the XChaCha20-Poly1305
     * symmetric AEAD interface.
     *
     * @return string
     * @throws Exception
     * @throws Error
     */
    public static function crypto_aead_xchacha20poly1305_ietf_keygen()
    {
        return random_bytes(self::CRYPTO_AEAD_XCHACHA20POLY1305_IETF_KEYBYTES);
    }

    /**
     * Authenticate a message. Uses symmetric-key cryptography.
     *
     * Algorithm:
     *     HMAC-SHA512-256. Which is HMAC-SHA-512 truncated to 256 bits.
     *     Not to be confused with HMAC-SHA-512/256 which would use the
     *     SHA-512/256 hash function (uses different initial parameters
     *     but still truncates to 256 bits to sidestep length-extension
     *     attacks).
     *
     * @param string $message Message to be authenticated
     * @param string $key Symmetric authentication key
     * @return string         Message authentication code
     * @throws SodiumException
     * @throws TypeError
     * @psalm-suppress MixedArgument
     */
    public static function crypto_auth(
        $message,
        #[\SensitiveParameter]
        $key
    ) {
        /* Type checks: */
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::declareScalarType($message, 'string', 1);
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::declareScalarType($key, 'string', 2);

        /* Input validation: */
        if (ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::strlen($key) !== self::CRYPTO_AUTH_KEYBYTES) {
            throw new SodiumException('Argument 2 must be CRYPTO_AUTH_KEYBYTES long.');
        }

        if (self::useNewSodiumAPI()) {
            return (string) sodium_crypto_auth($message, $key);
        }
        if (self::use_fallback('crypto_auth')) {
            return (string) call_user_func('\\Sodium\\crypto_auth', $message, $key);
        }
        if (PHP_INT_SIZE === 4) {
            return ParagonIE_Sodium_Crypto32::auth($message, $key);
        }
        return ParagonIE_Sodium_Crypto::auth($message, $key);
    }

    /**
     * @return string
     * @throws Exception
     * @throws Error
     */
    public static function crypto_auth_keygen()
    {
        return random_bytes(self::CRYPTO_AUTH_KEYBYTES);
    }

    /**
     * Verify the MAC of a message previously authenticated with crypto_auth.
     *
     * @param string $mac Message authentication code
     * @param string $message Message whose authenticity you are attempting to
     *                        verify (with a given MAC and key)
     * @param string $key Symmetric authentication key
     * @return bool           TRUE if authenticated, FALSE otherwise
     * @throws SodiumException
     * @throws TypeError
     * @psalm-suppress MixedArgument
     */
    public static function crypto_auth_verify(
        $mac,
        $message,
        #[\SensitiveParameter]
        $key
    ) {
        /* Type checks: */
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::declareScalarType($mac, 'string', 1);
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::declareScalarType($message, 'string', 2);
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::declareScalarType($key, 'string', 3);

        /* Input validation: */
        if (ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::strlen($mac) !== self::CRYPTO_AUTH_BYTES) {
            throw new SodiumException('Argument 1 must be CRYPTO_AUTH_BYTES long.');
        }
        if (ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::strlen($key) !== self::CRYPTO_AUTH_KEYBYTES) {
            throw new SodiumException('Argument 3 must be CRYPTO_AUTH_KEYBYTES long.');
        }

        if (self::useNewSodiumAPI()) {
            return (bool) sodium_crypto_auth_verify($mac, $message, $key);
        }
        if (self::use_fallback('crypto_auth_verify')) {
            return (bool) call_user_func('\\Sodium\\crypto_auth_verify', $mac, $message, $key);
        }
        if (PHP_INT_SIZE === 4) {
            return ParagonIE_Sodium_Crypto32::auth_verify($mac, $message, $key);
        }
        return ParagonIE_Sodium_Crypto::auth_verify($mac, $message, $key);
    }

    /**
     * Authenticated asymmetric-key encryption. Both the sender and recipient
     * may decrypt messages.
     *
     * Algorithm: X25519-XSalsa20-Poly1305.
     *     X25519: Elliptic-Curve Diffie Hellman over Curve25519.
     *     XSalsa20: Extended-nonce variant of salsa20.
     *     Poyl1305: Polynomial MAC for one-time message authentication.
     *
     * @param string $plaintext The message to be encrypted
     * @param string $nonce A Number to only be used Once; must be 24 bytes
     * @param string $keypair Your secret key and your recipient's public key
     * @return string           Ciphertext with 16-byte Poly1305 MAC
     * @throws SodiumException
     * @throws TypeError
     * @psalm-suppress MixedArgument
     */
    public static function crypto_box(
        $plaintext,
        $nonce,
        #[\SensitiveParameter]
        $keypair
    ) {
        /* Type checks: */
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::declareScalarType($plaintext, 'string', 1);
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::declareScalarType($nonce, 'string', 2);
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::declareScalarType($keypair, 'string', 3);

        /* Input validation: */
        if (ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::strlen($nonce) !== self::CRYPTO_BOX_NONCEBYTES) {
            throw new SodiumException('Argument 2 must be CRYPTO_BOX_NONCEBYTES long.');
        }
        if (ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::strlen($keypair) !== self::CRYPTO_BOX_KEYPAIRBYTES) {
            throw new SodiumException('Argument 3 must be CRYPTO_BOX_KEYPAIRBYTES long.');
        }

        if (self::useNewSodiumAPI()) {
            return (string) sodium_crypto_box($plaintext, $nonce, $keypair);
        }
        if (self::use_fallback('crypto_box')) {
            return (string) call_user_func('\\Sodium\\crypto_box', $plaintext, $nonce, $keypair);
        }
        if (PHP_INT_SIZE === 4) {
            return ParagonIE_Sodium_Crypto32::box($plaintext, $nonce, $keypair);
        }
        return ParagonIE_Sodium_Crypto::box($plaintext, $nonce, $keypair);
    }

    /**
     * Anonymous public-key encryption. Only the recipient may decrypt messages.
     *
     * Algorithm: X25519-XSalsa20-Poly1305, as with crypto_box.
     *     The sender's X25519 keypair is ephemeral.
     *     Nonce is generated from the BLAKE2b hash of both public keys.
     *
     * This provides ciphertext integrity.
     *
     * @param string $plaintext Message to be sealed
     * @param string $publicKey Your recipient's public key
     * @return string           Sealed message that only your recipient can
     *                          decrypt
     * @throws SodiumException
     * @throws TypeError
     * @psalm-suppress MixedArgument
     */
    public static function crypto_box_seal(
        #[\SensitiveParameter]
        $plaintext,
        $publicKey
    ) {
        /* Type checks: */
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::declareScalarType($plaintext, 'string', 1);
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::declareScalarType($publicKey, 'string', 2);

        /* Input validation: */
        if (ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::strlen($publicKey) !== self::CRYPTO_BOX_PUBLICKEYBYTES) {
            throw new SodiumException('Argument 2 must be CRYPTO_BOX_PUBLICKEYBYTES long.');
        }

        if (self::useNewSodiumAPI()) {
            return (string) sodium_crypto_box_seal($plaintext, $publicKey);
        }
        if (self::use_fallback('crypto_box_seal')) {
            return (string) call_user_func('\\Sodium\\crypto_box_seal', $plaintext, $publicKey);
        }
        if (PHP_INT_SIZE === 4) {
            return ParagonIE_Sodium_Crypto32::box_seal($plaintext, $publicKey);
        }
        return ParagonIE_Sodium_Crypto::box_seal($plaintext, $publicKey);
    }

    /**
     * Opens a message encrypted with crypto_box_seal(). Requires
     * the recipient's keypair (sk || pk) to decrypt successfully.
     *
     * This validates ciphertext integrity.
     *
     * @param string $ciphertext Sealed message to be opened
     * @param string $keypair    Your crypto_box keypair
     * @return string            The original plaintext message
     * @throws SodiumException
     * @throws TypeError
     * @psalm-suppress MixedArgument
     * @psalm-suppress MixedInferredReturnType
     * @psalm-suppress MixedReturnStatement
     */
    public static function crypto_box_seal_open(
        $ciphertext,
        #[\SensitiveParameter]
        $keypair
    ) {
        /* Type checks: */
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::declareScalarType($ciphertext, 'string', 1);
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::declareScalarType($keypair, 'string', 2);

        /* Input validation: */
        if (ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::strlen($keypair) !== self::CRYPTO_BOX_KEYPAIRBYTES) {
            throw new SodiumException('Argument 2 must be CRYPTO_BOX_KEYPAIRBYTES long.');
        }

        if (self::useNewSodiumAPI()) {
            /**
             * @psalm-suppress InvalidReturnStatement
             * @psalm-suppress FalsableReturnStatement
             */
            return sodium_crypto_box_seal_open($ciphertext, $keypair);
        }
        if (self::use_fallback('crypto_box_seal_open')) {
            return call_user_func('\\Sodium\\crypto_box_seal_open', $ciphertext, $keypair);
        }
        if (PHP_INT_SIZE === 4) {
            return ParagonIE_Sodium_Crypto32::box_seal_open($ciphertext, $keypair);
        }
        return ParagonIE_Sodium_Crypto::box_seal_open($ciphertext, $keypair);
    }

    /**
     * Generate a new random X25519 keypair.
     *
     * @return string A 64-byte string; the first 32 are your secret key, while
     *                the last 32 are your public key. crypto_box_secretkey()
     *                and crypto_box_publickey() exist to separate them so you
     *                don't accidentally get them mixed up!
     * @throws SodiumException
     * @throws TypeError
     * @psalm-suppress MixedArgument
     */
    public static function crypto_box_keypair()
    {
        if (self::useNewSodiumAPI()) {
            return (string) sodium_crypto_box_keypair();
        }
        if (self::use_fallback('crypto_box_keypair')) {
            return (string) call_user_func('\\Sodium\\crypto_box_keypair');
        }
        if (PHP_INT_SIZE === 4) {
            return ParagonIE_Sodium_Crypto32::box_keypair();
        }
        return ParagonIE_Sodium_Crypto::box_keypair();
    }

    /**
     * Combine two keys into a keypair for use in library methods that expect
     * a keypair. This doesn't necessarily have to be the same person's keys.
     *
     * @param string $secretKey Secret key
     * @param string $publicKey Public key
     * @return string    Keypair
     * @throws SodiumException
     * @throws TypeError
     * @psalm-suppress MixedArgument
     */
    public static function crypto_box_keypair_from_secretkey_and_publickey(
        #[\SensitiveParameter]
        $secretKey,
        $publicKey
    ) {
        /* Type checks: */
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::declareScalarType($secretKey, 'string', 1);
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::declareScalarType($publicKey, 'string', 2);

        /* Input validation: */
        if (ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::strlen($secretKey) !== self::CRYPTO_BOX_SECRETKEYBYTES) {
            throw new SodiumException('Argument 1 must be CRYPTO_BOX_SECRETKEYBYTES long.');
        }
        if (ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::strlen($publicKey) !== self::CRYPTO_BOX_PUBLICKEYBYTES) {
            throw new SodiumException('Argument 2 must be CRYPTO_BOX_PUBLICKEYBYTES long.');
        }

        if (self::useNewSodiumAPI()) {
            return (string) sodium_crypto_box_keypair_from_secretkey_and_publickey($secretKey, $publicKey);
        }
        if (self::use_fallback('crypto_box_keypair_from_secretkey_and_publickey')) {
            return (string) call_user_func('\\Sodium\\crypto_box_keypair_from_secretkey_and_publickey', $secretKey, $publicKey);
        }
        if (PHP_INT_SIZE === 4) {
            return ParagonIE_Sodium_Crypto32::box_keypair_from_secretkey_and_publickey($secretKey, $publicKey);
        }
        return ParagonIE_Sodium_Crypto::box_keypair_from_secretkey_and_publickey($secretKey, $publicKey);
    }

    /**
     * Decrypt a message previously encrypted with crypto_box().
     *
     * @param string $ciphertext Encrypted message
     * @param string $nonce      Number to only be used Once; must be 24 bytes
     * @param string $keypair    Your secret key and the sender's public key
     * @return string            The original plaintext message
     * @throws SodiumException
     * @throws TypeError
     * @psalm-suppress MixedArgument
     * @psalm-suppress MixedInferredReturnType
     * @psalm-suppress MixedReturnStatement
     */
    public static function crypto_box_open(
        $ciphertext,
        $nonce,
        #[\SensitiveParameter]
        $keypair
    ) {
        /* Type checks: */
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::declareScalarType($ciphertext, 'string', 1);
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::declareScalarType($nonce, 'string', 2);
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::declareScalarType($keypair, 'string', 3);

        /* Input validation: */
        if (ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::strlen($ciphertext) < self::CRYPTO_BOX_MACBYTES) {
            throw new SodiumException('Argument 1 must be at least CRYPTO_BOX_MACBYTES long.');
        }
        if (ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::strlen($nonce) !== self::CRYPTO_BOX_NONCEBYTES) {
            throw new SodiumException('Argument 2 must be CRYPTO_BOX_NONCEBYTES long.');
        }
        if (ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::strlen($keypair) !== self::CRYPTO_BOX_KEYPAIRBYTES) {
            throw new SodiumException('Argument 3 must be CRYPTO_BOX_KEYPAIRBYTES long.');
        }

        if (self::useNewSodiumAPI()) {
            /**
             * @psalm-suppress InvalidReturnStatement
             * @psalm-suppress FalsableReturnStatement
             */
            return sodium_crypto_box_open($ciphertext, $nonce, $keypair);
        }
        if (self::use_fallback('crypto_box_open')) {
            return call_user_func('\\Sodium\\crypto_box_open', $ciphertext, $nonce, $keypair);
        }
        if (PHP_INT_SIZE === 4) {
            return ParagonIE_Sodium_Crypto32::box_open($ciphertext, $nonce, $keypair);
        }
        return ParagonIE_Sodium_Crypto::box_open($ciphertext, $nonce, $keypair);
    }

    /**
     * Extract the public key from a crypto_box keypair.
     *
     * @param string $keypair Keypair containing secret and public key
     * @return string         Your crypto_box public key
     * @throws SodiumException
     * @throws TypeError
     * @psalm-suppress MixedArgument
     */
    public static function crypto_box_publickey(
        #[\SensitiveParameter]
        $keypair
    ) {
        /* Type checks: */
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::declareScalarType($keypair, 'string', 1);

        /* Input validation: */
        if (ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::strlen($keypair) !== self::CRYPTO_BOX_KEYPAIRBYTES) {
            throw new SodiumException('Argument 1 must be CRYPTO_BOX_KEYPAIRBYTES long.');
        }

        if (self::useNewSodiumAPI()) {
            return (string) sodium_crypto_box_publickey($keypair);
        }
        if (self::use_fallback('crypto_box_publickey')) {
            return (string) call_user_func('\\Sodium\\crypto_box_publickey', $keypair);
        }
        if (PHP_INT_SIZE === 4) {
            return ParagonIE_Sodium_Crypto32::box_publickey($keypair);
        }
        return ParagonIE_Sodium_Crypto::box_publickey($keypair);
    }

    /**
     * Calculate the X25519 public key from a given X25519 secret key.
     *
     * @param string $secretKey Any X25519 secret key
     * @return string           The corresponding X25519 public key
     * @throws SodiumException
     * @throws TypeError
     * @psalm-suppress MixedArgument
     */
    public static function crypto_box_publickey_from_secretkey(
        #[\SensitiveParameter]
        $secretKey
    ) {
        /* Type checks: */
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::declareScalarType($secretKey, 'string', 1);

        /* Input validation: */
        if (ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::strlen($secretKey) !== self::CRYPTO_BOX_SECRETKEYBYTES) {
            throw new SodiumException('Argument 1 must be CRYPTO_BOX_SECRETKEYBYTES long.');
        }

        if (self::useNewSodiumAPI()) {
            return (string) sodium_crypto_box_publickey_from_secretkey($secretKey);
        }
        if (self::use_fallback('crypto_box_publickey_from_secretkey')) {
            return (string) call_user_func('\\Sodium\\crypto_box_publickey_from_secretkey', $secretKey);
        }
        if (PHP_INT_SIZE === 4) {
            return ParagonIE_Sodium_Crypto32::box_publickey_from_secretkey($secretKey);
        }
        return ParagonIE_Sodium_Crypto::box_publickey_from_secretkey($secretKey);
    }

    /**
     * Extract the secret key from a crypto_box keypair.
     *
     * @param string $keypair
     * @return string         Your crypto_box secret key
     * @throws SodiumException
     * @throws TypeError
     * @psalm-suppress MixedArgument
     */
    public static function crypto_box_secretkey(
        #[\SensitiveParameter]
        $keypair
    ) {
        /* Type checks: */
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::declareScalarType($keypair, 'string', 1);

        /* Input validation: */
        if (ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::strlen($keypair) !== self::CRYPTO_BOX_KEYPAIRBYTES) {
            throw new SodiumException('Argument 1 must be CRYPTO_BOX_KEYPAIRBYTES long.');
        }

        if (self::useNewSodiumAPI()) {
            return (string) sodium_crypto_box_secretkey($keypair);
        }
        if (self::use_fallback('crypto_box_secretkey')) {
            return (string) call_user_func('\\Sodium\\crypto_box_secretkey', $keypair);
        }
        if (PHP_INT_SIZE === 4) {
            return ParagonIE_Sodium_Crypto32::box_secretkey($keypair);
        }
        return ParagonIE_Sodium_Crypto::box_secretkey($keypair);
    }

    /**
     * Generate an X25519 keypair from a seed.
     *
     * @param string $seed
     * @return string
     * @throws SodiumException
     * @throws TypeError
     * @psalm-suppress MixedArgument
     * @psalm-suppress UndefinedFunction
     */
    public static function crypto_box_seed_keypair(
        #[\SensitiveParameter]
        $seed
    ) {
        /* Type checks: */
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::declareScalarType($seed, 'string', 1);

        if (self::useNewSodiumAPI()) {
            return (string) sodium_crypto_box_seed_keypair($seed);
        }
        if (self::use_fallback('crypto_box_seed_keypair')) {
            return (string) call_user_func('\\Sodium\\crypto_box_seed_keypair', $seed);
        }
        if (PHP_INT_SIZE === 4) {
            return ParagonIE_Sodium_Crypto32::box_seed_keypair($seed);
        }
        return ParagonIE_Sodium_Crypto::box_seed_keypair($seed);
    }

    /**
     * Calculates a BLAKE2b hash, with an optional key.
     *
     * @param string      $message The message to be hashed
     * @param string|null $key     If specified, must be a string between 16
     *                             and 64 bytes long
     * @param int         $length  Output length in bytes; must be between 16
     *                             and 64 (default = 32)
     * @return string              Raw binary
     * @throws SodiumException
     * @throws TypeError
     * @psalm-suppress MixedArgument
     */
    public static function crypto_generichash(
        $message,
        #[\SensitiveParameter]
        $key = '',
        $length = self::CRYPTO_GENERICHASH_BYTES
    ) {
        /* Type checks: */
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::declareScalarType($message, 'string', 1);
        if (is_null($key)) {
            $key = '';
        }
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::declareScalarType($key, 'string', 2);
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::declareScalarType($length, 'int', 3);

        /* Input validation: */
        if (!empty($key)) {
            if (ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::strlen($key) < self::CRYPTO_GENERICHASH_KEYBYTES_MIN) {
                throw new SodiumException('Unsupported key size. Must be at least CRYPTO_GENERICHASH_KEYBYTES_MIN bytes long.');
            }
            if (ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::strlen($key) > self::CRYPTO_GENERICHASH_KEYBYTES_MAX) {
                throw new SodiumException('Unsupported key size. Must be at most CRYPTO_GENERICHASH_KEYBYTES_MAX bytes long.');
            }
        }

        if (self::useNewSodiumAPI()) {
            return (string) sodium_crypto_generichash($message, $key, $length);
        }
        if (self::use_fallback('crypto_generichash')) {
            return (string) call_user_func('\\Sodium\\crypto_generichash', $message, $key, $length);
        }
        if (PHP_INT_SIZE === 4) {
            return ParagonIE_Sodium_Crypto32::generichash($message, $key, $length);
        }
        return ParagonIE_Sodium_Crypto::generichash($message, $key, $length);
    }

    /**
     * Get the final BLAKE2b hash output for a given context.
     *
     * @param string $ctx BLAKE2 hashing context. Generated by crypto_generichash_init().
     * @param int $length Hash output size.
     * @return string     Final BLAKE2b hash.
     * @throws SodiumException
     * @throws TypeError
     * @psalm-suppress MixedArgument
     * @psalm-suppress ReferenceConstraintViolation
     * @psalm-suppress ConflictingReferenceConstraint
     */
    public static function crypto_generichash_final(
        #[\SensitiveParameter]
        &$ctx,
        $length = self::CRYPTO_GENERICHASH_BYTES
    ) {
        /* Type checks: */
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::declareScalarType($ctx, 'string', 1);
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::declareScalarType($length, 'int', 2);

        if (self::useNewSodiumAPI()) {
            return sodium_crypto_generichash_final($ctx, $length);
        }
        if (self::use_fallback('crypto_generichash_final')) {
            $func = '\\Sodium\\crypto_generichash_final';
            return (string) $func($ctx, $length);
        }
        if ($length < 1) {
            try {
                self::memzero($ctx);
            } catch (SodiumException $ex) {
                unset($ctx);
            }
            return '';
        }
        if (PHP_INT_SIZE === 4) {
            $result = ParagonIE_Sodium_Crypto32::generichash_final($ctx, $length);
        } else {
            $result = ParagonIE_Sodium_Crypto::generichash_final($ctx, $length);
        }
        try {
            self::memzero($ctx);
        } catch (SodiumException $ex) {
            unset($ctx);
        }
        return $result;
    }

    /**
     * Initialize a BLAKE2b hashing context, for use in a streaming interface.
     *
     * @param string|null $key If specified must be a string between 16 and 64 bytes
     * @param int $length      The size of the desired hash output
     * @return string          A BLAKE2 hashing context, encoded as a string
     *                         (To be 100% compatible with ext/libsodium)
     * @throws SodiumException
     * @throws TypeError
     * @psalm-suppress MixedArgument
     */
    public static function crypto_generichash_init(
        #[\SensitiveParameter]
        $key = '',
        $length = self::CRYPTO_GENERICHASH_BYTES
    ) {
        /* Type checks: */
        if (is_null($key)) {
            $key = '';
        }
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::declareScalarType($key, 'string', 1);
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::declareScalarType($length, 'int', 2);

        /* Input validation: */
        if (!empty($key)) {
            if (ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::strlen($key) < self::CRYPTO_GENERICHASH_KEYBYTES_MIN) {
                throw new SodiumException('Unsupported key size. Must be at least CRYPTO_GENERICHASH_KEYBYTES_MIN bytes long.');
            }
            if (ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::strlen($key) > self::CRYPTO_GENERICHASH_KEYBYTES_MAX) {
                throw new SodiumException('Unsupported key size. Must be at most CRYPTO_GENERICHASH_KEYBYTES_MAX bytes long.');
            }
        }

        if (self::useNewSodiumAPI()) {
            return sodium_crypto_generichash_init($key, $length);
        }
        if (self::use_fallback('crypto_generichash_init')) {
            return (string) call_user_func('\\Sodium\\crypto_generichash_init', $key, $length);
        }
        if (PHP_INT_SIZE === 4) {
            return ParagonIE_Sodium_Crypto32::generichash_init($key, $length);
        }
        return ParagonIE_Sodium_Crypto::generichash_init($key, $length);
    }

    /**
     * Initialize a BLAKE2b hashing context, for use in a streaming interface.
     *
     * @param string|null $key If specified must be a string between 16 and 64 bytes
     * @param int $length      The size of the desired hash output
     * @param string $salt     Salt (up to 16 bytes)
     * @param string $personal Personalization string (up to 16 bytes)
     * @return string          A BLAKE2 hashing context, encoded as a string
     *                         (To be 100% compatible with ext/libsodium)
     * @throws SodiumException
     * @throws TypeError
     * @psalm-suppress MixedArgument
     */
    public static function crypto_generichash_init_salt_personal(
        #[\SensitiveParameter]
        $key = '',
        $length = self::CRYPTO_GENERICHASH_BYTES,
        $salt = '',
        $personal = ''
    ) {
        /* Type checks: */
        if (is_null($key)) {
            $key = '';
        }
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::declareScalarType($key, 'string', 1);
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::declareScalarType($length, 'int', 2);
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::declareScalarType($salt, 'string', 3);
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::declareScalarType($personal, 'string', 4);
        $salt = str_pad($salt, 16, "\0", STR_PAD_RIGHT);
        $personal = str_pad($personal, 16, "\0", STR_PAD_RIGHT);

        /* Input validation: */
        if (!empty($key)) {
            /*
            if (ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::strlen($key) < self::CRYPTO_GENERICHASH_KEYBYTES_MIN) {
                throw new SodiumException('Unsupported key size. Must be at least CRYPTO_GENERICHASH_KEYBYTES_MIN bytes long.');
            }
            */
            if (ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::strlen($key) > self::CRYPTO_GENERICHASH_KEYBYTES_MAX) {
                throw new SodiumException('Unsupported key size. Must be at most CRYPTO_GENERICHASH_KEYBYTES_MAX bytes long.');
            }
        }
        if (PHP_INT_SIZE === 4) {
            return ParagonIE_Sodium_Crypto32::generichash_init_salt_personal($key, $length, $salt, $personal);
        }
        return ParagonIE_Sodium_Crypto::generichash_init_salt_personal($key, $length, $salt, $personal);
    }

    /**
     * Update a BLAKE2b hashing context with additional data.
     *
     * @param string $ctx    BLAKE2 hashing context. Generated by crypto_generichash_init().
     *                       $ctx is passed by reference and gets updated in-place.
     * @param-out string $ctx
     * @param string $message The message to append to the existing hash state.
     * @return void
     * @throws SodiumException
     * @throws TypeError
     * @psalm-suppress MixedArgument
     * @psalm-suppress ReferenceConstraintViolation
     */
    public static function crypto_generichash_update(
        #[\SensitiveParameter]
        &$ctx,
        $message
    ) {
        /* Type checks: */
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::declareScalarType($ctx, 'string', 1);
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::declareScalarType($message, 'string', 2);

        if (self::useNewSodiumAPI()) {
            sodium_crypto_generichash_update($ctx, $message);
            return;
        }
        if (self::use_fallback('crypto_generichash_update')) {
            $func = '\\Sodium\\crypto_generichash_update';
            $func($ctx, $message);
            return;
        }
        if (PHP_INT_SIZE === 4) {
            $ctx = ParagonIE_Sodium_Crypto32::generichash_update($ctx, $message);
        } else {
            $ctx = ParagonIE_Sodium_Crypto::generichash_update($ctx, $message);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @return string
     * @throws Exception
     * @throws Error
     */
    public static function crypto_generichash_keygen()
    {
        return random_bytes(self::CRYPTO_GENERICHASH_KEYBYTES);
    }

    /**
     * @param int $subkey_len
     * @param int $subkey_id
     * @param string $context
     * @param string $key
     * @return string
     * @throws SodiumException
     */
    public static function crypto_kdf_derive_from_key(
        $subkey_len,
        $subkey_id,
        $context,
        #[\SensitiveParameter]
        $key
    ) {
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::declareScalarType($subkey_len, 'int', 1);
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::declareScalarType($subkey_id, 'int', 2);
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::declareScalarType($context, 'string', 3);
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::declareScalarType($key, 'string', 4);
        $subkey_id = (int) $subkey_id;
        $subkey_len = (int) $subkey_len;
        $context = (string) $context;
        $key = (string) $key;

        if ($subkey_len < self::CRYPTO_KDF_BYTES_MIN) {
            throw new SodiumException('subkey cannot be smaller than SODIUM_CRYPTO_KDF_BYTES_MIN');
        }
        if ($subkey_len > self::CRYPTO_KDF_BYTES_MAX) {
            throw new SodiumException('subkey cannot be larger than SODIUM_CRYPTO_KDF_BYTES_MAX');
        }
        if ($subkey_id < 0) {
            throw new SodiumException('subkey_id cannot be negative');
        }
        if (ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::strlen($context) !== self::CRYPTO_KDF_CONTEXTBYTES) {
            throw new SodiumException('context should be SODIUM_CRYPTO_KDF_CONTEXTBYTES bytes');
        }
        if (ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::strlen($key) !== self::CRYPTO_KDF_KEYBYTES) {
            throw new SodiumException('key should be SODIUM_CRYPTO_KDF_KEYBYTES bytes');
        }

        $salt = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::store64_le($subkey_id);
        $state = self::crypto_generichash_init_salt_personal(
            $key,
            $subkey_len,
            $salt,
            $context
        );
        return self::crypto_generichash_final($state, $subkey_len);
    }

    /**
     * @return string
     * @throws Exception
     * @throws Error
     */
    public static function crypto_kdf_keygen()
    {
        return random_bytes(self::CRYPTO_KDF_KEYBYTES);
    }

    /**
     * Perform a key exchange, between a designated client and a server.
     *
     * Typically, you would designate one machine to be the client and the
     * other to be the server. The first two keys are what you'd expect for
     * scalarmult() below, but the latter two public keys don't swap places.
     *
     * | ALICE                          | BOB                                 |
     * | Client                         | Server                              |
     * |--------------------------------|-------------------------------------|
     * | shared = crypto_kx(            | shared = crypto_kx(                 |
     * |     alice_sk,                  |     bob_sk,                         | <- contextual
     * |     bob_pk,                    |     alice_pk,                       | <- contextual
     * |     alice_pk,                  |     alice_pk,                       | <----- static
     * |     bob_pk                     |     bob_pk                          | <----- static
     * | )                              | )                                   |
     *
     * They are used along with the scalarmult product to generate a 256-bit
     * BLAKE2b hash unique to the client and server keys.
     *
     * @param string $my_secret
     * @param string $their_public
     * @param string $client_public
     * @param string $server_public
     * @param bool $dontFallback
     * @return string
     * @throws SodiumException
     * @throws TypeError
     * @psalm-suppress MixedArgument
     */
    public static function crypto_kx(
        #[\SensitiveParameter]
        $my_secret,
        $their_public,
        $client_public,
        $server_public,
        $dontFallback = false
    ) {
        /* Type checks: */
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::declareScalarType($my_secret, 'string', 1);
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::declareScalarType($their_public, 'string', 2);
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::declareScalarType($client_public, 'string', 3);
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::declareScalarType($server_public, 'string', 4);

        /* Input validation: */
        if (ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::strlen($my_secret) !== self::CRYPTO_BOX_SECRETKEYBYTES) {
            throw new SodiumException('Argument 1 must be CRYPTO_BOX_SECRETKEYBYTES long.');
        }
        if (ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::strlen($their_public) !== self::CRYPTO_BOX_PUBLICKEYBYTES) {
            throw new SodiumException('Argument 2 must be CRYPTO_BOX_PUBLICKEYBYTES long.');
        }
        if (ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::strlen($client_public) !== self::CRYPTO_BOX_PUBLICKEYBYTES) {
            throw new SodiumException('Argument 3 must be CRYPTO_BOX_PUBLICKEYBYTES long.');
        }
        if (ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::strlen($server_public) !== self::CRYPTO_BOX_PUBLICKEYBYTES) {
            throw new SodiumException('Argument 4 must be CRYPTO_BOX_PUBLICKEYBYTES long.');
        }

        if (self::useNewSodiumAPI() && !$dontFallback) {
            if (is_callable('sodium_crypto_kx')) {
                return (string) sodium_crypto_kx(
                    $my_secret,
                    $their_public,
                    $client_public,
                    $server_public
                );
            }
        }
        if (self::use_fallback('crypto_kx')) {
            return (string) call_user_func(
                '\\Sodium\\crypto_kx',
                $my_secret,
                $their_public,
                $client_public,
                $server_public
            );
        }
        if (PHP_INT_SIZE === 4) {
            return ParagonIE_Sodium_Crypto32::keyExchange(
                $my_secret,
                $their_public,
                $client_public,
                $server_public
            );
        }
        return ParagonIE_Sodium_Crypto::keyExchange(
            $my_secret,
            $their_public,
            $client_public,
            $server_public
        );
    }

    /**
     * @param string $seed
     * @return string
     * @throws SodiumException
     */
    public static function crypto_kx_seed_keypair(
        #[\SensitiveParameter]
        $seed
    ) {
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::declareScalarType($seed, 'string', 1);

        $seed = (string) $seed;

        if (ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::strlen($seed) !== self::CRYPTO_KX_SEEDBYTES) {
            throw new SodiumException('seed must be SODIUM_CRYPTO_KX_SEEDBYTES bytes');
        }

        $sk = self::crypto_generichash($seed, '', self::CRYPTO_KX_SECRETKEYBYTES);
        $pk = self::crypto_scalarmult_base($sk);
        return $sk . $pk;
    }

    /**
     * @return string
     * @throws Exception
     */
    public static function crypto_kx_keypair()
    {
        $sk = self::randombytes_buf(self::CRYPTO_KX_SECRETKEYBYTES);
        $pk = self::crypto_scalarmult_base($sk);
        return $sk . $pk;
    }

    /**
     * @param string $keypair
     * @param string $serverPublicKey
     * @return array{0: string, 1: string}
     * @throws SodiumException
     */
    public static function crypto_kx_client_session_keys(
        #[\SensitiveParameter]
        $keypair,
        $serverPublicKey
    ) {
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::declareScalarType($keypair, 'string', 1);
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::declareScalarType($serverPublicKey, 'string', 2);

        $keypair = (string) $keypair;
        $serverPublicKey = (string) $serverPublicKey;

        if (ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::strlen($keypair) !== self::CRYPTO_KX_KEYPAIRBYTES) {
            throw new SodiumException('keypair should be SODIUM_CRYPTO_KX_KEYPAIRBYTES bytes');
        }
        if (ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::strlen($serverPublicKey) !== self::CRYPTO_KX_PUBLICKEYBYTES) {
            throw new SodiumException('public keys must be SODIUM_CRYPTO_KX_PUBLICKEYBYTES bytes');
        }

        $sk = self::crypto_kx_secretkey($keypair);
        $pk = self::crypto_kx_publickey($keypair);
        $h = self::crypto_generichash_init(null, self::CRYPTO_KX_SESSIONKEYBYTES * 2);
        self::crypto_generichash_update($h, self::crypto_scalarmult($sk, $serverPublicKey));
        self::crypto_generichash_update($h, $pk);
        self::crypto_generichash_update($h, $serverPublicKey);
        $sessionKeys = self::crypto_generichash_final($h, self::CRYPTO_KX_SESSIONKEYBYTES * 2);
        return array(
            ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::substr(
                $sessionKeys,
                0,
                self::CRYPTO_KX_SESSIONKEYBYTES
            ),
            ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::substr(
                $sessionKeys,
                self::CRYPTO_KX_SESSIONKEYBYTES,
                self::CRYPTO_KX_SESSIONKEYBYTES
            )
        );
    }

    /**
     * @param string $keypair
     * @param string $clientPublicKey
     * @return array{0: string, 1: string}
     * @throws SodiumException
     */
    public static function crypto_kx_server_session_keys(
        #[\SensitiveParameter]
        $keypair,
        $clientPublicKey
    ) {
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::declareScalarType($keypair, 'string', 1);
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::declareScalarType($clientPublicKey, 'string', 2);

        $keypair = (string) $keypair;
        $clientPublicKey = (string) $clientPublicKey;

        if (ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::strlen($keypair) !== self::CRYPTO_KX_KEYPAIRBYTES) {
            throw new SodiumException('keypair should be SODIUM_CRYPTO_KX_KEYPAIRBYTES bytes');
        }
        if (ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::strlen($clientPublicKey) !== self::CRYPTO_KX_PUBLICKEYBYTES) {
            throw new SodiumException('public keys must be SODIUM_CRYPTO_KX_PUBLICKEYBYTES bytes');
        }

        $sk = self::crypto_kx_secretkey($keypair);
        $pk = self::crypto_kx_publickey($keypair);
        $h = self::crypto_generichash_init(null, self::CRYPTO_KX_SESSIONKEYBYTES * 2);
        self::crypto_generichash_update($h, self::crypto_scalarmult($sk, $clientPublicKey));
        self::crypto_generichash_update($h, $clientPublicKey);
        self::crypto_generichash_update($h, $pk);
        $sessionKeys = self::crypto_generichash_final($h, self::CRYPTO_KX_SESSIONKEYBYTES * 2);
        return array(
            ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::substr(
                $sessionKeys,
                self::CRYPTO_KX_SESSIONKEYBYTES,
                self::CRYPTO_KX_SESSIONKEYBYTES
            ),
            ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::substr(
                $sessionKeys,
                0,
                self::CRYPTO_KX_SESSIONKEYBYTES
            )
        );
    }

    /**
     * @param string $kp
     * @return string
     * @throws SodiumException
     */
    public static function crypto_kx_secretkey(
        #[\SensitiveParameter]
        $kp
    ) {
        return ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::substr(
            $kp,
            0,
            self::CRYPTO_KX_SECRETKEYBYTES
        );
    }

    /**
     * @param string $kp
     * @return string
     * @throws SodiumException
     */
    public static function crypto_kx_publickey($kp)
    {
        return ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::substr(
            $kp,
            self::CRYPTO_KX_SECRETKEYBYTES,
            self::CRYPTO_KX_PUBLICKEYBYTES
        );
    }

    /**
     * @param int $outlen
     * @param string $passwd
     * @param string $salt
     * @param int $opslimit
     * @param int $memlimit
     * @param int|null $alg
     * @return string
     * @throws SodiumException
     * @throws TypeError
     * @psalm-suppress MixedArgument
     */
    public static function crypto_pwhash(
        $outlen,
        #[\SensitiveParameter]
        $passwd,
        $salt,
        $opslimit,
        $memlimit,
        $alg = null
    ) {
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::declareScalarType($outlen, 'int', 1);
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::declareScalarType($passwd, 'string', 2);
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::declareScalarType($salt,  'string', 3);
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::declareScalarType($opslimit, 'int', 4);
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::declareScalarType($memlimit, 'int', 5);

        if (self::useNewSodiumAPI()) {
            if (!is_null($alg)) {
                ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::declareScalarType($alg, 'int', 6);
                return sodium_crypto_pwhash($outlen, $passwd, $salt, $opslimit, $memlimit, $alg);
            }
            return sodium_crypto_pwhash($outlen, $passwd, $salt, $opslimit, $memlimit);
        }
        if (self::use_fallback('crypto_pwhash')) {
            return (string) call_user_func('\\Sodium\\crypto_pwhash', $outlen, $passwd, $salt, $opslimit, $memlimit);
        }
        // This is the best we can do.
        throw new SodiumException(
            'This is not implemented, as it is not possible to implement Argon2i with acceptable performance in pure-PHP'
        );
    }

    /**
     * !Exclusive to sodium_compat!
     *
     * This returns TRUE if the native crypto_pwhash API is available by libsodium.
     * This returns FALSE if only sodium_compat is available.
     *
     * @return bool
     */
    public static function crypto_pwhash_is_available()
    {
        if (self::useNewSodiumAPI()) {
            return true;
        }
        if (self::use_fallback('crypto_pwhash')) {
            return true;
        }
        return false;
    }

    /**
     * @param string $passwd
     * @param int $opslimit
     * @param int $memlimit
     * @return string
     * @throws SodiumException
     * @throws TypeError
     * @psalm-suppress MixedArgument
     */
    public static function crypto_pwhash_str(
        #[\SensitiveParameter]
        $passwd,
        $opslimit,
        $memlimit
    ) {
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::declareScalarType($passwd, 'string', 1);
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::declareScalarType($opslimit, 'int', 2);
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::declareScalarType($memlimit, 'int', 3);

        if (self::useNewSodiumAPI()) {
            return sodium_crypto_pwhash_str($passwd, $opslimit, $memlimit);
        }
        if (self::use_fallback('crypto_pwhash_str')) {
            return (string) call_user_func('\\Sodium\\crypto_pwhash_str', $passwd, $opslimit, $memlimit);
        }
        // This is the best we can do.
        throw new SodiumException(
            'This is not implemented, as it is not possible to implement Argon2i with acceptable performance in pure-PHP'
        );
    }

    /**
     * Do we need to rehash this password?
     *
     * @param string $hash
     * @param int $opslimit
     * @param int $memlimit
     * @return bool
     * @throws SodiumException
     */
    public static function crypto_pwhash_str_needs_rehash(
        #[\SensitiveParameter]
        $hash,
        $opslimit,
        $memlimit
    ) {
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::declareScalarType($hash, 'string', 1);
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::declareScalarType($opslimit, 'int', 2);
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::declareScalarType($memlimit, 'int', 3);

        // Just grab the first 4 pieces.
        $pieces = explode('$', (string) $hash);
        $prefix = implode('$', array_slice($pieces, 0, 4));

        // Rebuild the expected header.
        /** @var int $ops */
        $ops = (int) $opslimit;
        /** @var int $mem */
        $mem = (int) $memlimit >> 10;
        $encoded = self::CRYPTO_PWHASH_STRPREFIX . 'v=19$m=' . $mem . ',t=' . $ops . ',p=1';

        // Do they match? If so, we don't need to rehash, so return false.
        return !ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::hashEquals($encoded, $prefix);
    }

    /**
     * @param string $passwd
     * @param string $hash
     * @return bool
     * @throws SodiumException
     * @throws TypeError
     * @psalm-suppress MixedArgument
     */
    public static function crypto_pwhash_str_verify(
        #[\SensitiveParameter]
        $passwd,
        #[\SensitiveParameter]
        $hash
    ) {
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::declareScalarType($passwd, 'string', 1);
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::declareScalarType($hash, 'string', 2);

        if (self::useNewSodiumAPI()) {
            return (bool) sodium_crypto_pwhash_str_verify($passwd, $hash);
        }
        if (self::use_fallback('crypto_pwhash_str_verify')) {
            return (bool) call_user_func('\\Sodium\\crypto_pwhash_str_verify', $passwd, $hash);
        }
        // This is the best we can do.
        throw new SodiumException(
            'This is not implemented, as it is not possible to implement Argon2i with acceptable performance in pure-PHP'
        );
    }

    /**
     * @param int $outlen
     * @param string $passwd
     * @param string $salt
     * @param int $opslimit
     * @param int $memlimit
     * @return string
     * @throws SodiumException
     * @throws TypeError
     */
    public static function crypto_pwhash_scryptsalsa208sha256(
        $outlen,
        #[\SensitiveParameter]
        $passwd,
        $salt,
        $opslimit,
        $memlimit
    ) {
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::declareScalarType($outlen, 'int', 1);
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::declareScalarType($passwd, 'string', 2);
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::declareScalarType($salt,  'string', 3);
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::declareScalarType($opslimit, 'int', 4);
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::declareScalarType($memlimit, 'int', 5);

        if (self::useNewSodiumAPI()) {
            return (string) sodium_crypto_pwhash_scryptsalsa208sha256(
                (int) $outlen,
                (string) $passwd,
                (string) $salt,
                (int) $opslimit,
                (int) $memlimit
            );
        }
        if (self::use_fallback('crypto_pwhash_scryptsalsa208sha256')) {
            return (string) call_user_func(
                '\\Sodium\\crypto_pwhash_scryptsalsa208sha256',
                (int) $outlen,
                (string) $passwd,
                (string) $salt,
                (int) $opslimit,
                (int) $memlimit
            );
        }
        // This is the best we can do.
        throw new SodiumException(
            'This is not implemented, as it is not possible to implement Scrypt with acceptable performance in pure-PHP'
        );
    }

    /**
     * !Exclusive to sodium_compat!
     *
     * This returns TRUE if the native crypto_pwhash API is available by libsodium.
     * This returns FALSE if only sodium_compat is available.
     *
     * @return bool
     */
    public static function crypto_pwhash_scryptsalsa208sha256_is_available()
    {
        if (self::useNewSodiumAPI()) {
            return true;
        }
        if (self::use_fallback('crypto_pwhash_scryptsalsa208sha256')) {
            return true;
        }
        return false;
    }

    /**
     * @param string $passwd
     * @param int $opslimit
     * @param int $memlimit
     * @return string
     * @throws SodiumException
     * @throws TypeError
     */
    public static function crypto_pwhash_scryptsalsa208sha256_str(
        #[\SensitiveParameter]
        $passwd,
        $opslimit,
        $memlimit
    ) {
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::declareScalarType($passwd, 'string', 1);
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::declareScalarType($opslimit, 'int', 2);
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::declareScalarType($memlimit, 'int', 3);

        if (self::useNewSodiumAPI()) {
            return (string) sodium_crypto_pwhash_scryptsalsa208sha256_str(
                (string) $passwd,
                (int) $opslimit,
                (int) $memlimit
            );
        }
        if (self::use_fallback('crypto_pwhash_scryptsalsa208sha256_str')) {
            return (string) call_user_func(
                '\\Sodium\\crypto_pwhash_scryptsalsa208sha256_str',
                (string) $passwd,
                (int) $opslimit,
                (int) $memlimit
            );
        }
        // This is the best we can do.
        throw new SodiumException(
            'This is not implemented, as it is not possible to implement Scrypt with acceptable performance in pure-PHP'
        );
    }

    /**
     * @param string $passwd
     * @param string $hash
     * @return bool
     * @throws SodiumException
     * @throws TypeError
     */
    public static function crypto_pwhash_scryptsalsa208sha256_str_verify(
        #[\SensitiveParameter]
        $passwd,
        #[\SensitiveParameter]
        $hash
    ) {
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::declareScalarType($passwd, 'string', 1);
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::declareScalarType($hash, 'string', 2);

        if (self::useNewSodiumAPI()) {
            return (bool) sodium_crypto_pwhash_scryptsalsa208sha256_str_verify(
                (string) $passwd,
                (string) $hash
            );
        }
        if (self::use_fallback('crypto_pwhash_scryptsalsa208sha256_str_verify')) {
            return (bool) call_user_func(
                '\\Sodium\\crypto_pwhash_scryptsalsa208sha256_str_verify',
                (string) $passwd,
                (string) $hash
            );
        }
        // This is the best we can do.
        throw new SodiumException(
            'This is not implemented, as it is not possible to implement Scrypt with acceptable performance in pure-PHP'
        );
    }

    /**
     * Calculate the shared secret between your secret key and your
     * recipient's public key.
     *
     * Algorithm: X25519 (ECDH over Curve25519)
     *
     * @param string $secretKey
     * @param string $publicKey
     * @return string
     * @throws SodiumException
     * @throws TypeError
     * @psalm-suppress MixedArgument
     */
    public static function crypto_scalarmult(
        #[\SensitiveParameter]
        $secretKey,
        $publicKey
    ) {
        /* Type checks: */
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::declareScalarType($secretKey, 'string', 1);
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::declareScalarType($publicKey, 'string', 2);

        /* Input validation: */
        if (ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::strlen($secretKey) !== self::CRYPTO_BOX_SECRETKEYBYTES) {
            throw new SodiumException('Argument 1 must be CRYPTO_BOX_SECRETKEYBYTES long.');
        }
        if (ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::strlen($publicKey) !== self::CRYPTO_BOX_PUBLICKEYBYTES) {
            throw new SodiumException('Argument 2 must be CRYPTO_BOX_PUBLICKEYBYTES long.');
        }

        if (self::useNewSodiumAPI()) {
            return sodium_crypto_scalarmult($secretKey, $publicKey);
        }
        if (self::use_fallback('crypto_scalarmult')) {
            return (string) call_user_func('\\Sodium\\crypto_scalarmult', $secretKey, $publicKey);
        }

        /* Output validation: Forbid all-zero keys */
        if (ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::hashEquals($secretKey, str_repeat("\0", self::CRYPTO_BOX_SECRETKEYBYTES))) {
            throw new SodiumException('Zero secret key is not allowed');
        }
        if (ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::hashEquals($publicKey, str_repeat("\0", self::CRYPTO_BOX_PUBLICKEYBYTES))) {
            throw new SodiumException('Zero public key is not allowed');
        }
        if (PHP_INT_SIZE === 4) {
            return ParagonIE_Sodium_Crypto32::scalarmult($secretKey, $publicKey);
        }
        return ParagonIE_Sodium_Crypto::scalarmult($secretKey, $publicKey);
    }

    /**
     * Calculate an X25519 public key from an X25519 secret key.
     *
     * @param string $secretKey
     * @return string
     * @throws SodiumException
     * @throws TypeError
     * @psalm-suppress TooFewArguments
     * @psalm-suppress MixedArgument
     */
    public static function crypto_scalarmult_base(
        #[\SensitiveParameter]
        $secretKey
    ) {
        /* Type checks: */
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::declareScalarType($secretKey, 'string', 1);

        /* Input validation: */
        if (ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::strlen($secretKey) !== self::CRYPTO_BOX_SECRETKEYBYTES) {
            throw new SodiumException('Argument 1 must be CRYPTO_BOX_SECRETKEYBYTES long.');
        }

        if (self::useNewSodiumAPI()) {
            return sodium_crypto_scalarmult_base($secretKey);
        }
        if (self::use_fallback('crypto_scalarmult_base')) {
            return (string) call_user_func('\\Sodium\\crypto_scalarmult_base', $secretKey);
        }
        if (ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::hashEquals($secretKey, str_repeat("\0", self::CRYPTO_BOX_SECRETKEYBYTES))) {
            throw new SodiumException('Zero secret key is not allowed');
        }
        if (PHP_INT_SIZE === 4) {
            return ParagonIE_Sodium_Crypto32::scalarmult_base($secretKey);
        }
        return ParagonIE_Sodium_Crypto::scalarmult_base($secretKey);
    }

    /**
     * Authenticated symmetric-key encryption.
     *
     * Algorithm: XSalsa20-Poly1305
     *
     * @param string $plaintext The message you're encrypting
     * @param string $nonce A Number to be used Once; must be 24 bytes
     * @param string $key Symmetric encryption key
     * @return string           Ciphertext with Poly1305 MAC
     * @throws SodiumException
     * @throws TypeError
     * @psalm-suppress MixedArgument
     */
    public static function crypto_secretbox(
        #[\SensitiveParameter]
        $plaintext,
        $nonce,
        #[\SensitiveParameter]
        $key
    ) {
        /* Type checks: */
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::declareScalarType($plaintext, 'string', 1);
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::declareScalarType($nonce, 'string', 2);
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::declareScalarType($key, 'string', 3);

        /* Input validation: */
        if (ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::strlen($nonce) !== self::CRYPTO_SECRETBOX_NONCEBYTES) {
            throw new SodiumException('Argument 2 must be CRYPTO_SECRETBOX_NONCEBYTES long.');
        }
        if (ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::strlen($key) !== self::CRYPTO_SECRETBOX_KEYBYTES) {
            throw new SodiumException('Argument 3 must be CRYPTO_SECRETBOX_KEYBYTES long.');
        }

        if (self::useNewSodiumAPI()) {
            return sodium_crypto_secretbox($plaintext, $nonce, $key);
        }
        if (self::use_fallback('crypto_secretbox')) {
            return (string) call_user_func('\\Sodium\\crypto_secretbox', $plaintext, $nonce, $key);
        }
        if (PHP_INT_SIZE === 4) {
            return ParagonIE_Sodium_Crypto32::secretbox($plaintext, $nonce, $key);
        }
        return ParagonIE_Sodium_Crypto::secretbox($plaintext, $nonce, $key);
    }

    /**
     * Decrypts a message previously encrypted with crypto_secretbox().
     *
     * @param string $ciphertext Ciphertext with Poly1305 MAC
     * @param string $nonce      A Number to be used Once; must be 24 bytes
     * @param string $key        Symmetric encryption key
     * @return string            Original plaintext message
     * @throws SodiumException
     * @throws TypeError
     * @psalm-suppress MixedArgument
     * @psalm-suppress MixedInferredReturnType
     * @psalm-suppress MixedReturnStatement
     */
    public static function crypto_secretbox_open(
        $ciphertext,
        $nonce,
        #[\SensitiveParameter]
        $key
    ) {
        /* Type checks: */
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::declareScalarType($ciphertext, 'string', 1);
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::declareScalarType($nonce, 'string', 2);
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::declareScalarType($key, 'string', 3);

        /* Input validation: */
        if (ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::strlen($nonce) !== self::CRYPTO_SECRETBOX_NONCEBYTES) {
            throw new SodiumException('Argument 2 must be CRYPTO_SECRETBOX_NONCEBYTES long.');
        }
        if (ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::strlen($key) !== self::CRYPTO_SECRETBOX_KEYBYTES) {
            throw new SodiumException('Argument 3 must be CRYPTO_SECRETBOX_KEYBYTES long.');
        }

        if (self::useNewSodiumAPI()) {
            /**
             * @psalm-suppress InvalidReturnStatement
             * @psalm-suppress FalsableReturnStatement
             */
            return sodium_crypto_secretbox_open($ciphertext, $nonce, $key);
        }
        if (self::use_fallback('crypto_secretbox_open')) {
            return call_user_func('\\Sodium\\crypto_secretbox_open', $ciphertext, $nonce, $key);
        }
        if (PHP_INT_SIZE === 4) {
            return ParagonIE_Sodium_Crypto32::secretbox_open($ciphertext, $nonce, $key);
        }
        return ParagonIE_Sodium_Crypto::secretbox_open($ciphertext, $nonce, $key);
    }

    /**
     * Return a secure random key for use with crypto_secretbox
     *
     * @return string
     * @throws Exception
     * @throws Error
     */
    public static function crypto_secretbox_keygen()
    {
        return random_bytes(self::CRYPTO_SECRETBOX_KEYBYTES);
    }

    /**
     * Authenticated symmetric-key encryption.
     *
     * Algorithm: XChaCha20-Poly1305
     *
     * @param string $plaintext The message you're encrypting
     * @param string $nonce     A Number to be used Once; must be 24 bytes
     * @param string $key       Symmetric encryption key
     * @return string           Ciphertext with Poly1305 MAC
     * @throws SodiumException
     * @throws TypeError
     * @psalm-suppress MixedArgument
     */
    public static function crypto_secretbox_xchacha20poly1305($plaintext, $nonce, $key)
    {
        /* Type checks: */
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::declareScalarType($plaintext, 'string', 1);
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::declareScalarType($nonce, 'string', 2);
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::declareScalarType($key, 'string', 3);

        /* Input validation: */
        if (ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::strlen($nonce) !== self::CRYPTO_SECRETBOX_NONCEBYTES) {
            throw new SodiumException('Argument 2 must be CRYPTO_SECRETBOX_NONCEBYTES long.');
        }
        if (ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::strlen($key) !== self::CRYPTO_SECRETBOX_KEYBYTES) {
            throw new SodiumException('Argument 3 must be CRYPTO_SECRETBOX_KEYBYTES long.');
        }
        if (PHP_INT_SIZE === 4) {
            return ParagonIE_Sodium_Crypto32::secretbox_xchacha20poly1305($plaintext, $nonce, $key);
        }
        return ParagonIE_Sodium_Crypto::secretbox_xchacha20poly1305($plaintext, $nonce, $key);
    }
    /**
     * Decrypts a message previously encrypted with crypto_secretbox_xchacha20poly1305().
     *
     * @param string $ciphertext Ciphertext with Poly1305 MAC
     * @param string $nonce      A Number to be used Once; must be 24 bytes
     * @param string $key        Symmetric encryption key
     * @return string            Original plaintext message
     * @throws SodiumException
     * @throws TypeError
     * @psalm-suppress MixedArgument
     */
    public static function crypto_secretbox_xchacha20poly1305_open(
        $ciphertext,
        $nonce,
        #[\SensitiveParameter]
        $key
    ) {
        /* Type checks: */
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::declareScalarType($ciphertext, 'string', 1);
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::declareScalarType($nonce, 'string', 2);
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::declareScalarType($key, 'string', 3);

        /* Input validation: */
        if (ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::strlen($nonce) !== self::CRYPTO_SECRETBOX_NONCEBYTES) {
            throw new SodiumException('Argument 2 must be CRYPTO_SECRETBOX_NONCEBYTES long.');
        }
        if (ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::strlen($key) !== self::CRYPTO_SECRETBOX_KEYBYTES) {
            throw new SodiumException('Argument 3 must be CRYPTO_SECRETBOX_KEYBYTES long.');
        }

        if (PHP_INT_SIZE === 4) {
            return ParagonIE_Sodium_Crypto32::secretbox_xchacha20poly1305_open($ciphertext, $nonce, $key);
        }
        return ParagonIE_Sodium_Crypto::secretbox_xchacha20poly1305_open($ciphertext, $nonce, $key);
    }

    /**
     * @param string $key
     * @return array<int, string> Returns a state and a header.
     * @throws Exception
     * @throws SodiumException
     */
    public static function crypto_secretstream_xchacha20poly1305_init_push(
        #[\SensitiveParameter]
        $key
    ) {
        if (PHP_INT_SIZE === 4) {
            return ParagonIE_Sodium_Crypto32::secretstream_xchacha20poly1305_init_push($key);
        }
        return ParagonIE_Sodium_Crypto::secretstream_xchacha20poly1305_init_push($key);
    }

    /**
     * @param string $header
     * @param string $key
     * @return string Returns a state.
     * @throws Exception
     */
    public static function crypto_secretstream_xchacha20poly1305_init_pull(
        $header,
        #[\SensitiveParameter]
        $key
    ) {
        if (ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::strlen($header) < self::CRYPTO_SECRETSTREAM_XCHACHA20POLY1305_HEADERBYTES) {
            throw new SodiumException(
                'header size should be SODIUM_CRYPTO_SECRETSTREAM_XCHACHA20POLY1305_HEADERBYTES bytes'
            );
        }
        if (PHP_INT_SIZE === 4) {
            return ParagonIE_Sodium_Crypto32::secretstream_xchacha20poly1305_init_pull($key, $header);
        }
        return ParagonIE_Sodium_Crypto::secretstream_xchacha20poly1305_init_pull($key, $header);
    }

    /**
     * @param string $state
     * @param string $msg
     * @param string $aad
     * @param int $tag
     * @return string
     * @throws SodiumException
     */
    public static function crypto_secretstream_xchacha20poly1305_push(
        #[\SensitiveParameter]
        &$state,
        #[\SensitiveParameter]
        $msg,
        $aad = '',
        $tag = 0
    ) {
        if (PHP_INT_SIZE === 4) {
            return ParagonIE_Sodium_Crypto32::secretstream_xchacha20poly1305_push(
                $state,
                $msg,
                $aad,
                $tag
            );
        }
        return ParagonIE_Sodium_Crypto::secretstream_xchacha20poly1305_push(
            $state,
            $msg,
            $aad,
            $tag
        );
    }

    /**
     * @param string $state
     * @param string $msg
     * @param string $aad
     * @return bool|array{0: string, 1: int}
     * @throws SodiumException
     */
    public static function crypto_secretstream_xchacha20poly1305_pull(
        #[\SensitiveParameter]
        &$state,
        $msg,
        $aad = ''
    ) {
        if (PHP_INT_SIZE === 4) {
            return ParagonIE_Sodium_Crypto32::secretstream_xchacha20poly1305_pull(
                $state,
                $msg,
                $aad
            );
        }
        return ParagonIE_Sodium_Crypto::secretstream_xchacha20poly1305_pull(
            $state,
            $msg,
            $aad
        );
    }

    /**
     * @return string
     * @throws Exception
     */
    public static function crypto_secretstream_xchacha20poly1305_keygen()
    {
        return random_bytes(self::CRYPTO_SECRETSTREAM_XCHACHA20POLY1305_KEYBYTES);
    }

    /**
     * @param string $state
     * @return void
     * @throws SodiumException
     */
    public static function crypto_secretstream_xchacha20poly1305_rekey(
        #[\SensitiveParameter]
        &$state
    ) {
        if (PHP_INT_SIZE === 4) {
            ParagonIE_Sodium_Crypto32::secretstream_xchacha20poly1305_rekey($state);
        } else {
            ParagonIE_Sodium_Crypto::secretstream_xchacha20poly1305_rekey($state);
        }
    }

    /**
     * Calculates a SipHash-2-4 hash of a message for a given key.
     *
     * @param string $message Input message
     * @param string $key SipHash-2-4 key
     * @return string         Hash
     * @throws SodiumException
     * @throws TypeError
     * @psalm-suppress MixedArgument
     * @psalm-suppress MixedInferredReturnType
     * @psalm-suppress MixedReturnStatement
     */
    public static function crypto_shorthash(
        $message,
        #[\SensitiveParameter]
        $key
    ) {
        /* Type checks: */
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::declareScalarType($message, 'string', 1);
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::declareScalarType($key, 'string', 2);

        /* Input validation: */
        if (ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::strlen($key) !== self::CRYPTO_SHORTHASH_KEYBYTES) {
            throw new SodiumException('Argument 2 must be CRYPTO_SHORTHASH_KEYBYTES long.');
        }

        if (self::useNewSodiumAPI()) {
            return sodium_crypto_shorthash($message, $key);
        }
        if (self::use_fallback('crypto_shorthash')) {
            return (string) call_user_func('\\Sodium\\crypto_shorthash', $message, $key);
        }
        if (PHP_INT_SIZE === 4) {
            return ParagonIE_Sodium_Core32_SipHash::sipHash24($message, $key);
        }
        return ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_SipHash::sipHash24($message, $key);
    }

    /**
     * Return a secure random key for use with crypto_shorthash
     *
     * @return string
     * @throws Exception
     * @throws Error
     */
    public static function crypto_shorthash_keygen()
    {
        return random_bytes(self::CRYPTO_SHORTHASH_KEYBYTES);
    }

    /**
     * Returns a signed message. You probably want crypto_sign_detached()
     * instead, which only returns the signature.
     *
     * Algorithm: Ed25519 (EdDSA over Curve25519)
     *
     * @param string $message Message to be signed.
     * @param string $secretKey Secret signing key.
     * @return string           Signed message (signature is prefixed).
     * @throws SodiumException
     * @throws TypeError
     * @psalm-suppress MixedArgument
     * @psalm-suppress MixedInferredReturnType
     * @psalm-suppress MixedReturnStatement
     */
    public static function crypto_sign(
        $message,
        #[\SensitiveParameter]
        $secretKey
    ) {
        /* Type checks: */
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::declareScalarType($message, 'string', 1);
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::declareScalarType($secretKey, 'string', 2);

        /* Input validation: */
        if (ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::strlen($secretKey) !== self::CRYPTO_SIGN_SECRETKEYBYTES) {
            throw new SodiumException('Argument 2 must be CRYPTO_SIGN_SECRETKEYBYTES long.');
        }

        if (self::useNewSodiumAPI()) {
            return sodium_crypto_sign($message, $secretKey);
        }
        if (self::use_fallback('crypto_sign')) {
            return (string) call_user_func('\\Sodium\\crypto_sign', $message, $secretKey);
        }
        if (PHP_INT_SIZE === 4) {
            return ParagonIE_Sodium_Crypto32::sign($message, $secretKey);
        }
        return ParagonIE_Sodium_Crypto::sign($message, $secretKey);
    }

    /**
     * Validates a signed message then returns the message.
     *
     * @param string $signedMessage A signed message
     * @param string $publicKey A public key
     * @return string               The original message (if the signature is
     *                              valid for this public key)
     * @throws SodiumException
     * @throws TypeError
     * @psalm-suppress MixedArgument
     * @psalm-suppress MixedInferredReturnType
     * @psalm-suppress MixedReturnStatement
     */
    public static function crypto_sign_open(
        $signedMessage,
        $publicKey
    ) {
        /* Type checks: */
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::declareScalarType($signedMessage, 'string', 1);
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::declareScalarType($publicKey, 'string', 2);

        /* Input validation: */
        if (ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::strlen($signedMessage) < self::CRYPTO_SIGN_BYTES) {
            throw new SodiumException('Argument 1 must be at least CRYPTO_SIGN_BYTES long.');
        }
        if (ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::strlen($publicKey) !== self::CRYPTO_SIGN_PUBLICKEYBYTES) {
            throw new SodiumException('Argument 2 must be CRYPTO_SIGN_PUBLICKEYBYTES long.');
        }

        if (self::useNewSodiumAPI()) {
            /**
             * @psalm-suppress InvalidReturnStatement
             * @psalm-suppress FalsableReturnStatement
             */
            return sodium_crypto_sign_open($signedMessage, $publicKey);
        }
        if (self::use_fallback('crypto_sign_open')) {
            return call_user_func('\\Sodium\\crypto_sign_open', $signedMessage, $publicKey);
        }
        if (PHP_INT_SIZE === 4) {
            return ParagonIE_Sodium_Crypto32::sign_open($signedMessage, $publicKey);
        }
        return ParagonIE_Sodium_Crypto::sign_open($signedMessage, $publicKey);
    }

    /**
     * Generate a new random Ed25519 keypair.
     *
     * @return string
     * @throws SodiumException
     * @throws TypeError
     */
    public static function crypto_sign_keypair()
    {
        if (self::useNewSodiumAPI()) {
            return sodium_crypto_sign_keypair();
        }
        if (self::use_fallback('crypto_sign_keypair')) {
            return (string) call_user_func('\\Sodium\\crypto_sign_keypair');
        }
        if (PHP_INT_SIZE === 4) {
            return ParagonIE_Sodium_Core32_Ed25519::keypair();
        }
        return ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Ed25519::keypair();
    }

    /**
     * @param string $sk
     * @param string $pk
     * @return string
     * @throws SodiumException
     */
    public static function crypto_sign_keypair_from_secretkey_and_publickey(
        #[\SensitiveParameter]
        $sk,
        $pk
    )  {
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::declareScalarType($sk, 'string', 1);
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::declareScalarType($pk, 'string', 1);
        $sk = (string) $sk;
        $pk = (string) $pk;

        if (ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::strlen($sk) !== self::CRYPTO_SIGN_SECRETKEYBYTES) {
            throw new SodiumException('secretkey should be SODIUM_CRYPTO_SIGN_SECRETKEYBYTES bytes');
        }
        if (ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::strlen($pk) !== self::CRYPTO_SIGN_PUBLICKEYBYTES) {
            throw new SodiumException('publickey should be SODIUM_CRYPTO_SIGN_PUBLICKEYBYTES bytes');
        }

        if (self::useNewSodiumAPI()) {
            return sodium_crypto_sign_keypair_from_secretkey_and_publickey($sk, $pk);
        }
        return $sk . $pk;
    }

    /**
     * Generate an Ed25519 keypair from a seed.
     *
     * @param string $seed Input seed
     * @return string      Keypair
     * @throws SodiumException
     * @throws TypeError
     * @psalm-suppress MixedArgument
     */
    public static function crypto_sign_seed_keypair(
        #[\SensitiveParameter]
        $seed
    ) {
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::declareScalarType($seed, 'string', 1);

        if (self::useNewSodiumAPI()) {
            return sodium_crypto_sign_seed_keypair($seed);
        }
        if (self::use_fallback('crypto_sign_keypair')) {
            return (string) call_user_func('\\Sodium\\crypto_sign_seed_keypair', $seed);
        }
        $publicKey = '';
        $secretKey = '';
        if (PHP_INT_SIZE === 4) {
            ParagonIE_Sodium_Core32_Ed25519::seed_keypair($publicKey, $secretKey, $seed);
        } else {
            ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Ed25519::seed_keypair($publicKey, $secretKey, $seed);
        }
        return $secretKey . $publicKey;
    }

    /**
     * Extract an Ed25519 public key from an Ed25519 keypair.
     *
     * @param string $keypair Keypair
     * @return string         Public key
     * @throws SodiumException
     * @throws TypeError
     * @psalm-suppress MixedArgument
     */
    public static function crypto_sign_publickey(
        #[\SensitiveParameter]
        $keypair
    ) {
        /* Type checks: */
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::declareScalarType($keypair, 'string', 1);

        /* Input validation: */
        if (ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::strlen($keypair) !== self::CRYPTO_SIGN_KEYPAIRBYTES) {
            throw new SodiumException('Argument 1 must be CRYPTO_SIGN_KEYPAIRBYTES long.');
        }

        if (self::useNewSodiumAPI()) {
            return sodium_crypto_sign_publickey($keypair);
        }
        if (self::use_fallback('crypto_sign_publickey')) {
            return (string) call_user_func('\\Sodium\\crypto_sign_publickey', $keypair);
        }
        if (PHP_INT_SIZE === 4) {
            return ParagonIE_Sodium_Core32_Ed25519::publickey($keypair);
        }
        return ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Ed25519::publickey($keypair);
    }

    /**
     * Calculate an Ed25519 public key from an Ed25519 secret key.
     *
     * @param string $secretKey Your Ed25519 secret key
     * @return string           The corresponding Ed25519 public key
     * @throws SodiumException
     * @throws TypeError
     * @psalm-suppress MixedArgument
     */
    public static function crypto_sign_publickey_from_secretkey(
        #[\SensitiveParameter]
        $secretKey
    ) {
        /* Type checks: */
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::declareScalarType($secretKey, 'string', 1);

        /* Input validation: */
        if (ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::strlen($secretKey) !== self::CRYPTO_SIGN_SECRETKEYBYTES) {
            throw new SodiumException('Argument 1 must be CRYPTO_SIGN_SECRETKEYBYTES long.');
        }

        if (self::useNewSodiumAPI()) {
            return sodium_crypto_sign_publickey_from_secretkey($secretKey);
        }
        if (self::use_fallback('crypto_sign_publickey_from_secretkey')) {
            return (string) call_user_func('\\Sodium\\crypto_sign_publickey_from_secretkey', $secretKey);
        }
        if (PHP_INT_SIZE === 4) {
            return ParagonIE_Sodium_Core32_Ed25519::publickey_from_secretkey($secretKey);
        }
        return ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Ed25519::publickey_from_secretkey($secretKey);
    }

    /**
     * Extract an Ed25519 secret key from an Ed25519 keypair.
     *
     * @param string $keypair Keypair
     * @return string         Secret key
     * @throws SodiumException
     * @throws TypeError
     * @psalm-suppress MixedArgument
     */
    public static function crypto_sign_secretkey(
        #[\SensitiveParameter]
        $keypair
    ) {
        /* Type checks: */
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::declareScalarType($keypair, 'string', 1);

        /* Input validation: */
        if (ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::strlen($keypair) !== self::CRYPTO_SIGN_KEYPAIRBYTES) {
            throw new SodiumException('Argument 1 must be CRYPTO_SIGN_KEYPAIRBYTES long.');
        }

        if (self::useNewSodiumAPI()) {
            return sodium_crypto_sign_secretkey($keypair);
        }
        if (self::use_fallback('crypto_sign_secretkey')) {
            return (string) call_user_func('\\Sodium\\crypto_sign_secretkey', $keypair);
        }
        if (PHP_INT_SIZE === 4) {
            return ParagonIE_Sodium_Core32_Ed25519::secretkey($keypair);
        }
        return ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Ed25519::secretkey($keypair);
    }

    /**
     * Calculate the Ed25519 signature of a message and return ONLY the signature.
     *
     * Algorithm: Ed25519 (EdDSA over Curve25519)
     *
     * @param string $message Message to be signed
     * @param string $secretKey Secret signing key
     * @return string           Digital signature
     * @throws SodiumException
     * @throws TypeError
     * @psalm-suppress MixedArgument
     */
    public static function crypto_sign_detached(
        $message,
        #[\SensitiveParameter]
        $secretKey
    ) {
        /* Type checks: */
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::declareScalarType($message, 'string', 1);
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::declareScalarType($secretKey, 'string', 2);

        /* Input validation: */
        if (ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::strlen($secretKey) !== self::CRYPTO_SIGN_SECRETKEYBYTES) {
            throw new SodiumException('Argument 2 must be CRYPTO_SIGN_SECRETKEYBYTES long.');
        }

        if (self::useNewSodiumAPI()) {
            return sodium_crypto_sign_detached($message, $secretKey);
        }
        if (self::use_fallback('crypto_sign_detached')) {
            return (string) call_user_func('\\Sodium\\crypto_sign_detached', $message, $secretKey);
        }
        if (PHP_INT_SIZE === 4) {
            return ParagonIE_Sodium_Crypto32::sign_detached($message, $secretKey);
        }
        return ParagonIE_Sodium_Crypto::sign_detached($message, $secretKey);
    }

    /**
     * Verify the Ed25519 signature of a message.
     *
     * @param string $signature Digital sginature
     * @param string $message Message to be verified
     * @param string $publicKey Public key
     * @return bool             TRUE if this signature is good for this public key;
     *                          FALSE otherwise
     * @throws SodiumException
     * @throws TypeError
     * @psalm-suppress MixedArgument
     */
    public static function crypto_sign_verify_detached($signature, $message, $publicKey)
    {
        /* Type checks: */
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::declareScalarType($signature, 'string', 1);
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::declareScalarType($message, 'string', 2);
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::declareScalarType($publicKey, 'string', 3);

        /* Input validation: */
        if (ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::strlen($signature) !== self::CRYPTO_SIGN_BYTES) {
            throw new SodiumException('Argument 1 must be CRYPTO_SIGN_BYTES long.');
        }
        if (ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::strlen($publicKey) !== self::CRYPTO_SIGN_PUBLICKEYBYTES) {
            throw new SodiumException('Argument 3 must be CRYPTO_SIGN_PUBLICKEYBYTES long.');
        }

        if (self::useNewSodiumAPI()) {
            return sodium_crypto_sign_verify_detached($signature, $message, $publicKey);
        }
        if (self::use_fallback('crypto_sign_verify_detached')) {
            return (bool) call_user_func(
                '\\Sodium\\crypto_sign_verify_detached',
                $signature,
                $message,
                $publicKey
            );
        }
        if (PHP_INT_SIZE === 4) {
            return ParagonIE_Sodium_Crypto32::sign_verify_detached($signature, $message, $publicKey);
        }
        return ParagonIE_Sodium_Crypto::sign_verify_detached($signature, $message, $publicKey);
    }

    /**
     * Convert an Ed25519 public key to a Curve25519 public key
     *
     * @param string $pk
     * @return string
     * @throws SodiumException
     * @throws TypeError
     * @psalm-suppress MixedArgument
     */
    public static function crypto_sign_ed25519_pk_to_curve25519($pk)
    {
        /* Type checks: */
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::declareScalarType($pk, 'string', 1);

        /* Input validation: */
        if (ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::strlen($pk) < self::CRYPTO_SIGN_PUBLICKEYBYTES) {
            throw new SodiumException('Argument 1 must be at least CRYPTO_SIGN_PUBLICKEYBYTES long.');
        }
        if (self::useNewSodiumAPI()) {
            if (is_callable('crypto_sign_ed25519_pk_to_curve25519')) {
                return (string) sodium_crypto_sign_ed25519_pk_to_curve25519($pk);
            }
        }
        if (self::use_fallback('crypto_sign_ed25519_pk_to_curve25519')) {
            return (string) call_user_func('\\Sodium\\crypto_sign_ed25519_pk_to_curve25519', $pk);
        }
        if (PHP_INT_SIZE === 4) {
            return ParagonIE_Sodium_Core32_Ed25519::pk_to_curve25519($pk);
        }
        return ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Ed25519::pk_to_curve25519($pk);
    }

    /**
     * Convert an Ed25519 secret key to a Curve25519 secret key
     *
     * @param string $sk
     * @return string
     * @throws SodiumException
     * @throws TypeError
     * @psalm-suppress MixedArgument
     */
    public static function crypto_sign_ed25519_sk_to_curve25519(
        #[\SensitiveParameter]
        $sk
    ) {
        /* Type checks: */
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::declareScalarType($sk, 'string', 1);

        /* Input validation: */
        if (ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::strlen($sk) < self::CRYPTO_SIGN_SEEDBYTES) {
            throw new SodiumException('Argument 1 must be at least CRYPTO_SIGN_SEEDBYTES long.');
        }
        if (self::useNewSodiumAPI()) {
            if (is_callable('crypto_sign_ed25519_sk_to_curve25519')) {
                return sodium_crypto_sign_ed25519_sk_to_curve25519($sk);
            }
        }
        if (self::use_fallback('crypto_sign_ed25519_sk_to_curve25519')) {
            return (string) call_user_func('\\Sodium\\crypto_sign_ed25519_sk_to_curve25519', $sk);
        }

        $h = hash('sha512', ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::substr($sk, 0, 32), true);
        $h[0] = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::intToChr(
            ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::chrToInt($h[0]) & 248
        );
        $h[31] = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::intToChr(
            (ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::chrToInt($h[31]) & 127) | 64
        );
        return ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::substr($h, 0, 32);
    }

    /**
     * Expand a key and nonce into a keystream of pseudorandom bytes.
     *
     * @param int $len Number of bytes desired
     * @param string $nonce Number to be used Once; must be 24 bytes
     * @param string $key XSalsa20 key
     * @return string       Pseudorandom stream that can be XORed with messages
     *                      to provide encryption (but not authentication; see
     *                      Poly1305 or crypto_auth() for that, which is not
     *                      optional for security)
     * @throws SodiumException
     * @throws TypeError
     * @psalm-suppress MixedArgument
     */
    public static function crypto_stream(
        $len,
        $nonce,
        #[\SensitiveParameter]
        $key
    ) {
        /* Type checks: */
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::declareScalarType($len, 'int', 1);
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::declareScalarType($nonce, 'string', 2);
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::declareScalarType($key, 'string', 3);

        /* Input validation: */
        if (ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::strlen($nonce) !== self::CRYPTO_STREAM_NONCEBYTES) {
            throw new SodiumException('Argument 2 must be CRYPTO_SECRETBOX_NONCEBYTES long.');
        }
        if (ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::strlen($key) !== self::CRYPTO_STREAM_KEYBYTES) {
            throw new SodiumException('Argument 3 must be CRYPTO_STREAM_KEYBYTES long.');
        }

        if (self::useNewSodiumAPI()) {
            return sodium_crypto_stream($len, $nonce, $key);
        }
        if (self::use_fallback('crypto_stream')) {
            return (string) call_user_func('\\Sodium\\crypto_stream', $len, $nonce, $key);
        }
        if (PHP_INT_SIZE === 4) {
            return ParagonIE_Sodium_Core32_XSalsa20::xsalsa20($len, $nonce, $key);
        }
        return ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_XSalsa20::xsalsa20($len, $nonce, $key);
    }

    /**
     * DANGER! UNAUTHENTICATED ENCRYPTION!
     *
     * Unless you are following expert advice, do not use this feature.
     *
     * Algorithm: XSalsa20
     *
     * This DOES NOT provide ciphertext integrity.
     *
     * @param string $message Plaintext message
     * @param string $nonce Number to be used Once; must be 24 bytes
     * @param string $key Encryption key
     * @return string         Encrypted text which is vulnerable to chosen-
     *                        ciphertext attacks unless you implement some
     *                        other mitigation to the ciphertext (i.e.
     *                        Encrypt then MAC)
     * @throws SodiumException
     * @throws TypeError
     * @psalm-suppress MixedArgument
     */
    public static function crypto_stream_xor(
        #[\SensitiveParameter]
        $message,
        $nonce,
        #[\SensitiveParameter]
        $key
    ) {
        /* Type checks: */
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::declareScalarType($message, 'string', 1);
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::declareScalarType($nonce, 'string', 2);
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::declareScalarType($key, 'string', 3);

        /* Input validation: */
        if (ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::strlen($nonce) !== self::CRYPTO_STREAM_NONCEBYTES) {
            throw new SodiumException('Argument 2 must be CRYPTO_SECRETBOX_NONCEBYTES long.');
        }
        if (ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::strlen($key) !== self::CRYPTO_STREAM_KEYBYTES) {
            throw new SodiumException('Argument 3 must be CRYPTO_SECRETBOX_KEYBYTES long.');
        }

        if (self::useNewSodiumAPI()) {
            return sodium_crypto_stream_xor($message, $nonce, $key);
        }
        if (self::use_fallback('crypto_stream_xor')) {
            return (string) call_user_func('\\Sodium\\crypto_stream_xor', $message, $nonce, $key);
        }
        if (PHP_INT_SIZE === 4) {
            return ParagonIE_Sodium_Core32_XSalsa20::xsalsa20_xor($message, $nonce, $key);
        }
        return ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_XSalsa20::xsalsa20_xor($message, $nonce, $key);
    }

    /**
     * Return a secure random key for use with crypto_stream
     *
     * @return string
     * @throws Exception
     * @throws Error
     */
    public static function crypto_stream_keygen()
    {
        return random_bytes(self::CRYPTO_STREAM_KEYBYTES);
    }


    /**
     * Expand a key and nonce into a keystream of pseudorandom bytes.
     *
     * @param int $len Number of bytes desired
     * @param string $nonce Number to be used Once; must be 24 bytes
     * @param string $key XChaCha20 key
     * @param bool $dontFallback
     * @return string       Pseudorandom stream that can be XORed with messages
     *                      to provide encryption (but not authentication; see
     *                      Poly1305 or crypto_auth() for that, which is not
     *                      optional for security)
     * @throws SodiumException
     * @throws TypeError
     * @psalm-suppress MixedArgument
     */
    public static function crypto_stream_xchacha20(
        $len,
        $nonce,
        #[\SensitiveParameter]
        $key,
        $dontFallback = false
    ) {
        /* Type checks: */
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::declareScalarType($len, 'int', 1);
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::declareScalarType($nonce, 'string', 2);
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::declareScalarType($key, 'string', 3);

        /* Input validation: */
        if (ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::strlen($nonce) !== self::CRYPTO_STREAM_XCHACHA20_NONCEBYTES) {
            throw new SodiumException('Argument 2 must be CRYPTO_SECRETBOX_XCHACHA20_NONCEBYTES long.');
        }
        if (ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::strlen($key) !== self::CRYPTO_STREAM_XCHACHA20_KEYBYTES) {
            throw new SodiumException('Argument 3 must be CRYPTO_STREAM_XCHACHA20_KEYBYTES long.');
        }

        if (self::useNewSodiumAPI() && !$dontFallback) {
            return sodium_crypto_stream_xchacha20($len, $nonce, $key);
        }
        if (PHP_INT_SIZE === 4) {
            return ParagonIE_Sodium_Core32_XChaCha20::stream($len, $nonce, $key);
        }
        return ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_XChaCha20::stream($len, $nonce, $key);
    }

    /**
     * DANGER! UNAUTHENTICATED ENCRYPTION!
     *
     * Unless you are following expert advice, do not use this feature.
     *
     * Algorithm: XChaCha20
     *
     * This DOES NOT provide ciphertext integrity.
     *
     * @param string $message Plaintext message
     * @param string $nonce Number to be used Once; must be 24 bytes
     * @param string $key Encryption key
     * @return string         Encrypted text which is vulnerable to chosen-
     *                        ciphertext attacks unless you implement some
     *                        other mitigation to the ciphertext (i.e.
     *                        Encrypt then MAC)
     * @param bool $dontFallback
     * @throws SodiumException
     * @throws TypeError
     * @psalm-suppress MixedArgument
     */
    public static function crypto_stream_xchacha20_xor(
        #[\SensitiveParameter]
        $message,
        $nonce,
        #[\SensitiveParameter]
        $key,
        $dontFallback = false
    ) {
        /* Type checks: */
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::declareScalarType($message, 'string', 1);
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::declareScalarType($nonce, 'string', 2);
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::declareScalarType($key, 'string', 3);

        /* Input validation: */
        if (ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::strlen($nonce) !== self::CRYPTO_STREAM_XCHACHA20_NONCEBYTES) {
            throw new SodiumException('Argument 2 must be CRYPTO_SECRETBOX_XCHACHA20_NONCEBYTES long.');
        }
        if (ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::strlen($key) !== self::CRYPTO_STREAM_XCHACHA20_KEYBYTES) {
            throw new SodiumException('Argument 3 must be CRYPTO_SECRETBOX_XCHACHA20_KEYBYTES long.');
        }

        if (self::useNewSodiumAPI() && !$dontFallback) {
            return sodium_crypto_stream_xchacha20_xor($message, $nonce, $key);
        }
        if (PHP_INT_SIZE === 4) {
            return ParagonIE_Sodium_Core32_XChaCha20::streamXorIc($message, $nonce, $key);
        }
        return ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_XChaCha20::streamXorIc($message, $nonce, $key);
    }

    /**
     * DANGER! UNAUTHENTICATED ENCRYPTION!
     *
     * Unless you are following expert advice, do not use this feature.
     *
     * Algorithm: XChaCha20
     *
     * This DOES NOT provide ciphertext integrity.
     *
     * @param string $message Plaintext message
     * @param string $nonce Number to be used Once; must be 24 bytes
     * @param int $counter
     * @param string $key Encryption key
     * @return string         Encrypted text which is vulnerable to chosen-
     *                        ciphertext attacks unless you implement some
     *                        other mitigation to the ciphertext (i.e.
     *                        Encrypt then MAC)
     * @param bool $dontFallback
     * @throws SodiumException
     * @throws TypeError
     * @psalm-suppress MixedArgument
     */
    public static function crypto_stream_xchacha20_xor_ic(
        #[\SensitiveParameter]
        $message,
        $nonce,
        $counter,
        #[\SensitiveParameter]
        $key,
        $dontFallback = false
    ) {
        /* Type checks: */
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::declareScalarType($message, 'string', 1);
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::declareScalarType($nonce, 'string', 2);
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::declareScalarType($counter, 'int', 3);
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::declareScalarType($key, 'string', 4);

        /* Input validation: */
        if (ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::strlen($nonce) !== self::CRYPTO_STREAM_XCHACHA20_NONCEBYTES) {
            throw new SodiumException('Argument 2 must be CRYPTO_SECRETBOX_XCHACHA20_NONCEBYTES long.');
        }
        if (ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::strlen($key) !== self::CRYPTO_STREAM_XCHACHA20_KEYBYTES) {
            throw new SodiumException('Argument 3 must be CRYPTO_SECRETBOX_XCHACHA20_KEYBYTES long.');
        }

        if (is_callable('sodium_crypto_stream_xchacha20_xor_ic') && !$dontFallback) {
            return sodium_crypto_stream_xchacha20_xor_ic($message, $nonce, $counter, $key);
        }

        $ic = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::store64_le($counter);
        if (PHP_INT_SIZE === 4) {
            return ParagonIE_Sodium_Core32_XChaCha20::streamXorIc($message, $nonce, $key, $ic);
        }
        return ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_XChaCha20::streamXorIc($message, $nonce, $key, $ic);
    }

    /**
     * Return a secure random key for use with crypto_stream_xchacha20
     *
     * @return string
     * @throws Exception
     * @throws Error
     */
    public static function crypto_stream_xchacha20_keygen()
    {
        return random_bytes(self::CRYPTO_STREAM_XCHACHA20_KEYBYTES);
    }

    /**
     * Cache-timing-safe implementation of hex2bin().
     *
     * @param string $string Hexadecimal string
     * @param string $ignore List of characters to ignore; useful for whitespace
     * @return string        Raw binary string
     * @throws SodiumException
     * @throws TypeError
     * @psalm-suppress TooFewArguments
     * @psalm-suppress MixedArgument
     */
    public static function hex2bin(
        #[\SensitiveParameter]
        $string,
        $ignore = ''
    ) {
        /* Type checks: */
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::declareScalarType($string, 'string', 1);
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::declareScalarType($ignore, 'string', 2);

        if (self::useNewSodiumAPI()) {
            if (is_callable('sodium_hex2bin')) {
                return (string) sodium_hex2bin($string, $ignore);
            }
        }
        if (self::use_fallback('hex2bin')) {
            return (string) call_user_func('\\Sodium\\hex2bin', $string, $ignore);
        }
        return ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::hex2bin($string, $ignore);
    }

    /**
     * Increase a string (little endian)
     *
     * @param string $var
     *
     * @return void
     * @throws SodiumException
     * @throws TypeError
     * @psalm-suppress MixedArgument
     */
    public static function increment(
        #[\SensitiveParameter]
        &$var
    ) {
        /* Type checks: */
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::declareScalarType($var, 'string', 1);

        if (self::useNewSodiumAPI()) {
            sodium_increment($var);
            return;
        }
        if (self::use_fallback('increment')) {
            $func = '\\Sodium\\increment';
            $func($var);
            return;
        }

        $len = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::strlen($var);
        $c = 1;
        $copy = '';
        for ($i = 0; $i < $len; ++$i) {
            $c += ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::chrToInt(
                ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::substr($var, $i, 1)
            );
            $copy .= ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::intToChr($c);
            $c >>= 8;
        }
        $var = $copy;
    }

    /**
     * @param string $str
     * @return bool
     *
     * @throws SodiumException
     */
    public static function is_zero(
        #[\SensitiveParameter]
        $str
    ) {
        $d = 0;
        for ($i = 0; $i < 32; ++$i) {
            $d |= ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::chrToInt($str[$i]);
        }
        return ((($d - 1) >> 31) & 1) === 1;
    }

    /**
     * The equivalent to the libsodium minor version we aim to be compatible
     * with (sans pwhash and memzero).
     *
     * @return int
     */
    public static function library_version_major()
    {
        if (self::useNewSodiumAPI() && defined('SODIUM_LIBRARY_MAJOR_VERSION')) {
            return SODIUM_LIBRARY_MAJOR_VERSION;
        }
        if (self::use_fallback('library_version_major')) {
            /** @psalm-suppress UndefinedFunction */
            return (int) call_user_func('\\Sodium\\library_version_major');
        }
        return self::LIBRARY_VERSION_MAJOR;
    }

    /**
     * The equivalent to the libsodium minor version we aim to be compatible
     * with (sans pwhash and memzero).
     *
     * @return int
     */
    public static function library_version_minor()
    {
        if (self::useNewSodiumAPI() && defined('SODIUM_LIBRARY_MINOR_VERSION')) {
            return SODIUM_LIBRARY_MINOR_VERSION;
        }
        if (self::use_fallback('library_version_minor')) {
            /** @psalm-suppress UndefinedFunction */
            return (int) call_user_func('\\Sodium\\library_version_minor');
        }
        return self::LIBRARY_VERSION_MINOR;
    }

    /**
     * Compare two strings.
     *
     * @param string $left
     * @param string $right
     * @return int
     * @throws SodiumException
     * @throws TypeError
     * @psalm-suppress MixedArgument
     */
    public static function memcmp(
        #[\SensitiveParameter]
        $left,
        #[\SensitiveParameter]
        $right
    ) {
        /* Type checks: */
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::declareScalarType($left, 'string', 1);
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::declareScalarType($right, 'string', 2);

        if (self::useNewSodiumAPI()) {
            return sodium_memcmp($left, $right);
        }
        if (self::use_fallback('memcmp')) {
            return (int) call_user_func('\\Sodium\\memcmp', $left, $right);
        }
        /** @var string $left */
        /** @var string $right */
        return ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::memcmp($left, $right);
    }

    /**
     * It's actually not possible to zero memory buffers in PHP. You need the
     * native library for that.
     *
     * @param string|null $var
     * @param-out string|null $var
     *
     * @return void
     * @throws SodiumException (Unless libsodium is installed)
     * @throws TypeError
     * @psalm-suppress TooFewArguments
     */
    public static function memzero(
        #[\SensitiveParameter]
        &$var
    ) {
        /* Type checks: */
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::declareScalarType($var, 'string', 1);

        if (self::useNewSodiumAPI()) {
            /** @psalm-suppress MixedArgument */
            sodium_memzero($var);
            return;
        }
        if (self::use_fallback('memzero')) {
            $func = '\\Sodium\\memzero';
            $func($var);
            if ($var === null) {
                return;
            }
        }
        // This is the best we can do.
        throw new SodiumException(
            'This is not implemented in sodium_compat, as it is not possible to securely wipe memory from PHP. ' .
            'To fix this error, make sure libsodium is installed and the PHP extension is enabled.'
        );
    }

    /**
     * @param string $unpadded
     * @param int $blockSize
     * @param bool $dontFallback
     * @return string
     * @throws SodiumException
     */
    public static function pad(
        #[\SensitiveParameter]
        $unpadded,
        $blockSize,
        $dontFallback = false
    ) {
        /* Type checks: */
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::declareScalarType($unpadded, 'string', 1);
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::declareScalarType($blockSize, 'int', 2);

        $unpadded = (string) $unpadded;
        $blockSize = (int) $blockSize;

        if (self::useNewSodiumAPI() && !$dontFallback) {
            return (string) sodium_pad($unpadded, $blockSize);
        }

        if ($blockSize <= 0) {
            throw new SodiumException(
                'block size cannot be less than 1'
            );
        }
        $unpadded_len = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::strlen($unpadded);
        $xpadlen = ($blockSize - 1);
        if (($blockSize & ($blockSize - 1)) === 0) {
            $xpadlen -= $unpadded_len & ($blockSize - 1);
        } else {
            $xpadlen -= $unpadded_len % $blockSize;
        }

        $xpadded_len = $unpadded_len + $xpadlen;
        $padded = str_repeat("\0", $xpadded_len - 1);
        if ($unpadded_len > 0) {
            $st = 1;
            $i = 0;
            $k = $unpadded_len;
            for ($j = 0; $j <= $xpadded_len; ++$j) {
                $i = (int) $i;
                $k = (int) $k;
                $st = (int) $st;
                if ($j >= $unpadded_len) {
                    $padded[$j] = "\0";
                } else {
                    $padded[$j] = $unpadded[$j];
                }
                /** @var int $k */
                $k -= $st;
                $st = (int) (~(
                            (
                                (
                                    ($k >> 48)
                                        |
                                    ($k >> 32)
                                        |
                                    ($k >> 16)
                                        |
                                    $k
                                ) - 1
                            ) >> 16
                        )
                    ) & 1;
                $i += $st;
            }
        }

        $mask = 0;
        $tail = $xpadded_len;
        for ($i = 0; $i < $blockSize; ++$i) {
            # barrier_mask = (unsigned char)
            #     (((i ^ xpadlen) - 1U) >> ((sizeof(size_t) - 1U) * CHAR_BIT));
            $barrier_mask = (($i ^ $xpadlen) -1) >> ((PHP_INT_SIZE << 3) - 1);
            # tail[-i] = (tail[-i] & mask) | (0x80 & barrier_mask);
            $padded[$tail - $i] = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::intToChr(
                (ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::chrToInt($padded[$tail - $i]) & $mask)
                    |
                (0x80 & $barrier_mask)
            );
            # mask |= barrier_mask;
            $mask |= $barrier_mask;
        }
        return $padded;
    }

    /**
     * @param string $padded
     * @param int $blockSize
     * @param bool $dontFallback
     * @return string
     * @throws SodiumException
     */
    public static function unpad(
        #[\SensitiveParameter]
        $padded,
        $blockSize,
        $dontFallback = false
    ) {
        /* Type checks: */
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::declareScalarType($padded, 'string', 1);
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::declareScalarType($blockSize, 'int', 2);

        $padded = (string) $padded;
        $blockSize = (int) $blockSize;

        if (self::useNewSodiumAPI() && !$dontFallback) {
            return (string) sodium_unpad($padded, $blockSize);
        }
        if ($blockSize <= 0) {
            throw new SodiumException('block size cannot be less than 1');
        }
        $padded_len = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::strlen($padded);
        if ($padded_len < $blockSize) {
            throw new SodiumException('invalid padding');
        }

        # tail = &padded[padded_len - 1U];
        $tail = $padded_len - 1;

        $acc = 0;
        $valid = 0;
        $pad_len = 0;

        $found = 0;
        for ($i = 0; $i < $blockSize; ++$i) {
            # c = tail[-i];
            $c = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::chrToInt($padded[$tail - $i]);

            # is_barrier =
            #     (( (acc - 1U) & (pad_len - 1U) & ((c ^ 0x80) - 1U) ) >> 8) & 1U;
            $is_barrier = (
                (
                    ($acc - 1) & ($pad_len - 1) & (($c ^ 80) - 1)
                ) >> 7
            ) & 1;
            $is_barrier &= ~$found;
            $found |= $is_barrier;

            # acc |= c;
            $acc |= $c;

            # pad_len |= i & (1U + ~is_barrier);
            $pad_len |= $i & (1 + ~$is_barrier);

            # valid |= (unsigned char) is_barrier;
            $valid |= ($is_barrier & 0xff);
        }
        # unpadded_len = padded_len - 1U - pad_len;
        $unpadded_len = $padded_len - 1 - $pad_len;
        if ($valid !== 1) {
            throw new SodiumException('invalid padding');
        }
        return ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::substr($padded, 0, $unpadded_len);
    }

    /**
     * Will sodium_compat run fast on the current hardware and PHP configuration?
     *
     * @return bool
     */
    public static function polyfill_is_fast()
    {
        if (extension_loaded('sodium')) {
            return true;
        }
        if (extension_loaded('libsodium')) {
            return true;
        }
        return PHP_INT_SIZE === 8;
    }

    /**
     * Generate a string of bytes from the kernel's CSPRNG.
     * Proudly uses /dev/urandom (if getrandom(2) is not available).
     *
     * @param int $numBytes
     * @return string
     * @throws Exception
     * @throws TypeError
     */
    public static function randombytes_buf($numBytes)
    {
        /* Type checks: */
        if (!is_int($numBytes)) {
            if (is_numeric($numBytes)) {
                $numBytes = (int) $numBytes;
            } else {
                throw new TypeError(
                    'Argument 1 must be an integer, ' . gettype($numBytes) . ' given.'
                );
            }
        }
        /** @var positive-int $numBytes */
        if (self::use_fallback('randombytes_buf')) {
            return (string) call_user_func('\\Sodium\\randombytes_buf', $numBytes);
        }
        if ($numBytes < 0) {
            throw new SodiumException("Number of bytes must be a positive integer");
        }
        return random_bytes($numBytes);
    }

    /**
     * Generate an integer between 0 and $range (non-inclusive).
     *
     * @param int $range
     * @return int
     * @throws Exception
     * @throws Error
     * @throws TypeError
     */
    public static function randombytes_uniform($range)
    {
        /* Type checks: */
        if (!is_int($range)) {
            if (is_numeric($range)) {
                $range = (int) $range;
            } else {
                throw new TypeError(
                    'Argument 1 must be an integer, ' . gettype($range) . ' given.'
                );
            }
        }
        if (self::use_fallback('randombytes_uniform')) {
            return (int) call_user_func('\\Sodium\\randombytes_uniform', $range);
        }
        return random_int(0, $range - 1);
    }

    /**
     * Generate a random 16-bit integer.
     *
     * @return int
     * @throws Exception
     * @throws Error
     * @throws TypeError
     */
    public static function randombytes_random16()
    {
        if (self::use_fallback('randombytes_random16')) {
            return (int) call_user_func('\\Sodium\\randombytes_random16');
        }
        return random_int(0, 65535);
    }

    /**
     * @param string $p
     * @param bool $dontFallback
     * @return bool
     * @throws SodiumException
     */
    public static function ristretto255_is_valid_point(
        #[\SensitiveParameter]
        $p,
        $dontFallback = false
    ) {
        if (self::useNewSodiumAPI() && !$dontFallback) {
            return sodium_crypto_core_ristretto255_is_valid_point($p);
        }
        try {
            $r = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Ristretto255::ristretto255_frombytes($p);
            return $r['res'] === 0 &&
                ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Ristretto255::ristretto255_point_is_canonical($p) === 1;
        } catch (SodiumException $ex) {
            if ($ex->getMessage() === 'S is not canonical') {
                return false;
            }
            throw $ex;
        }
    }

    /**
     * @param string $p
     * @param string $q
     * @param bool $dontFallback
     * @return string
     * @throws SodiumException
     */
    public static function ristretto255_add(
        #[\SensitiveParameter]
        $p,
        #[\SensitiveParameter]
        $q,
        $dontFallback = false
    ) {
        if (self::useNewSodiumAPI() && !$dontFallback) {
            return sodium_crypto_core_ristretto255_add($p, $q);
        }
        return ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Ristretto255::ristretto255_add($p, $q);
    }

    /**
     * @param string $p
     * @param string $q
     * @param bool $dontFallback
     * @return string
     * @throws SodiumException
     */
    public static function ristretto255_sub(
        #[\SensitiveParameter]
        $p,
        #[\SensitiveParameter]
        $q,
        $dontFallback = false
    ) {
        if (self::useNewSodiumAPI() && !$dontFallback) {
            return sodium_crypto_core_ristretto255_sub($p, $q);
        }
        return ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Ristretto255::ristretto255_sub($p, $q);
    }

    /**
     * @param string $r
     * @param bool $dontFallback
     * @return string
     *
     * @throws SodiumException
     */
    public static function ristretto255_from_hash(
        #[\SensitiveParameter]
        $r,
        $dontFallback = false
    ) {
        if (self::useNewSodiumAPI() && !$dontFallback) {
            return sodium_crypto_core_ristretto255_from_hash($r);
        }
        return ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Ristretto255::ristretto255_from_hash($r);
    }

    /**
     * @param bool $dontFallback
     * @return string
     *
     * @throws SodiumException
     */
    public static function ristretto255_random($dontFallback = false)
    {
        if (self::useNewSodiumAPI() && !$dontFallback) {
            return sodium_crypto_core_ristretto255_random();
        }
        return ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Ristretto255::ristretto255_random();
    }

    /**
     * @param bool $dontFallback
     * @return string
     *
     * @throws SodiumException
     */
    public static function ristretto255_scalar_random($dontFallback = false)
    {
        if (self::useNewSodiumAPI() && !$dontFallback) {
            return sodium_crypto_core_ristretto255_scalar_random();
        }
        return ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Ristretto255::ristretto255_scalar_random();
    }

    /**
     * @param string $s
     * @param bool $dontFallback
     * @return string
     * @throws SodiumException
     */
    public static function ristretto255_scalar_invert(
        #[\SensitiveParameter]
        $s,
        $dontFallback = false
    ) {
        if (self::useNewSodiumAPI() && !$dontFallback) {
            return sodium_crypto_core_ristretto255_scalar_invert($s);
        }
        return ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Ristretto255::ristretto255_scalar_invert($s);
    }
    /**
     * @param string $s
     * @param bool $dontFallback
     * @return string
     * @throws SodiumException
     */
    public static function ristretto255_scalar_negate(
        #[\SensitiveParameter]
        $s,
        $dontFallback = false
    ) {
        if (self::useNewSodiumAPI() && !$dontFallback) {
            return sodium_crypto_core_ristretto255_scalar_negate($s);
        }
        return ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Ristretto255::ristretto255_scalar_negate($s);
    }

    /**
     * @param string $s
     * @param bool $dontFallback
     * @return string
     * @throws SodiumException
     */
    public static function ristretto255_scalar_complement(
        #[\SensitiveParameter]
        $s,
        $dontFallback = false
    ) {
        if (self::useNewSodiumAPI() && !$dontFallback) {
            return sodium_crypto_core_ristretto255_scalar_complement($s);
        }
        return ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Ristretto255::ristretto255_scalar_complement($s);
    }

    /**
     * @param string $x
     * @param string $y
     * @param bool $dontFallback
     * @return string
     * @throws SodiumException
     */
    public static function ristretto255_scalar_add(
        #[\SensitiveParameter]
        $x,
        #[\SensitiveParameter]
        $y,
        $dontFallback = false
    ) {
        if (self::useNewSodiumAPI() && !$dontFallback) {
            return sodium_crypto_core_ristretto255_scalar_add($x, $y);
        }
        return ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Ristretto255::ristretto255_scalar_add($x, $y);
    }

    /**
     * @param string $x
     * @param string $y
     * @param bool $dontFallback
     * @return string
     * @throws SodiumException
     */
    public static function ristretto255_scalar_sub(
        #[\SensitiveParameter]
        $x,
        #[\SensitiveParameter]
        $y,
        $dontFallback = false
    ) {
        if (self::useNewSodiumAPI() && !$dontFallback) {
            return sodium_crypto_core_ristretto255_scalar_sub($x, $y);
        }
        return ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Ristretto255::ristretto255_scalar_sub($x, $y);
    }

    /**
     * @param string $x
     * @param string $y
     * @param bool $dontFallback
     * @return string
     * @throws SodiumException
     */
    public static function ristretto255_scalar_mul(
        #[\SensitiveParameter]
        $x,
        #[\SensitiveParameter]
        $y,
        $dontFallback = false
    ) {
        if (self::useNewSodiumAPI() && !$dontFallback) {
            return sodium_crypto_core_ristretto255_scalar_mul($x, $y);
        }
        return ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Ristretto255::ristretto255_scalar_mul($x, $y);
    }

    /**
     * @param string $n
     * @param string $p
     * @param bool $dontFallback
     * @return string
     * @throws SodiumException
     */
    public static function scalarmult_ristretto255(
        #[\SensitiveParameter]
        $n,
        #[\SensitiveParameter]
        $p,
        $dontFallback = false
    ) {
        if (self::useNewSodiumAPI() && !$dontFallback) {
            return sodium_crypto_scalarmult_ristretto255($n, $p);
        }
        return ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Ristretto255::scalarmult_ristretto255($n, $p);
    }

    /**
     * @param string $n
     * @param string $p
     * @param bool $dontFallback
     * @return string
     * @throws SodiumException
     */
    public static function scalarmult_ristretto255_base(
        #[\SensitiveParameter]
        $n,
        $dontFallback = false
    ) {
        if (self::useNewSodiumAPI() && !$dontFallback) {
            return sodium_crypto_scalarmult_ristretto255_base($n);
        }
        return ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Ristretto255::scalarmult_ristretto255_base($n);
    }

    /**
     * @param string $s
     * @param bool $dontFallback
     * @return string
     * @throws SodiumException
     */
    public static function ristretto255_scalar_reduce(
        #[\SensitiveParameter]
        $s,
        $dontFallback = false
    ) {
        if (self::useNewSodiumAPI() && !$dontFallback) {
            return sodium_crypto_core_ristretto255_scalar_reduce($s);
        }
        return ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Ristretto255::sc_reduce($s);
    }

    /**
     * Runtime testing method for 32-bit platforms.
     *
     * Usage: If runtime_speed_test() returns FALSE, then our 32-bit
     *        implementation is to slow to use safely without risking timeouts.
     *        If this happens, install sodium from PECL to get acceptable
     *        performance.
     *
     * @param int $iterations Number of multiplications to attempt
     * @param int $maxTimeout Milliseconds
     * @return bool           TRUE if we're fast enough, FALSE is not
     * @throws SodiumException
     */
    public static function runtime_speed_test($iterations, $maxTimeout)
    {
        if (self::polyfill_is_fast()) {
            return true;
        }
        /** @var float $end */
        $end = 0.0;
        /** @var float $start */
        $start = microtime(true);
        /** @var ParagonIE_Sodium_Core32_Int64 $a */
        $a = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core32_Int64::fromInt(random_int(3, 1 << 16));
        for ($i = 0; $i < $iterations; ++$i) {
            /** @var ParagonIE_Sodium_Core32_Int64 $b */
            $b = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core32_Int64::fromInt(random_int(3, 1 << 16));
            $a->mulInt64($b);
        }
        /** @var float $end */
        $end = microtime(true);
        /** @var int $diff */
        $diff = (int) ceil(($end - $start) * 1000);
        return $diff < $maxTimeout;
    }

    /**
     * Add two numbers (little-endian unsigned), storing the value in the first
     * parameter.
     *
     * This mutates $val.
     *
     * @param string $val
     * @param string $addv
     * @return void
     * @throws SodiumException
     */
    public static function sub(
        #[\SensitiveParameter]
        &$val,
        #[\SensitiveParameter]
        $addv
    ) {
        $val_len = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::strlen($val);
        $addv_len = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::strlen($addv);
        if ($val_len !== $addv_len) {
            throw new SodiumException('values must have the same length');
        }
        $A = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::stringToIntArray($val);
        $B = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::stringToIntArray($addv);

        $c = 0;
        for ($i = 0; $i < $val_len; $i++) {
            $c = ($A[$i] - $B[$i] - $c);
            $A[$i] = ($c & 0xff);
            $c = ($c >> 8) & 1;
        }
        $val = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::intArrayToString($A);
    }

    /**
     * This emulates libsodium's version_string() function, except ours is
     * prefixed with 'polyfill-'.
     *
     * @return string
     * @psalm-suppress MixedInferredReturnType
     * @psalm-suppress UndefinedFunction
     */
    public static function version_string()
    {
        if (self::useNewSodiumAPI()) {
            return (string) sodium_version_string();
        }
        if (self::use_fallback('version_string')) {
            return (string) call_user_func('\\Sodium\\version_string');
        }
        return (string) self::VERSION_STRING;
    }

    /**
     * Should we use the libsodium core function instead?
     * This is always a good idea, if it's available. (Unless we're in the
     * middle of running our unit test suite.)
     *
     * If ext/libsodium is available, use it. Return TRUE.
     * Otherwise, we have to use the code provided herein. Return FALSE.
     *
     * @param string $sodium_func_name
     *
     * @return bool
     */
    protected static function use_fallback($sodium_func_name = '')
    {
        static $res = null;
        if ($res === null) {
            $res = extension_loaded('libsodium') && PHP_VERSION_ID >= 50300;
        }
        if ($res === false) {
            // No libsodium installed
            return false;
        }
        if (self::$disableFallbackForUnitTests) {
            // Don't fallback. Use the PHP implementation.
            return false;
        }
        if (!empty($sodium_func_name)) {
            return is_callable('\\Sodium\\' . $sodium_func_name);
        }
        return true;
    }

    /**
     * Libsodium as implemented in PHP 7.2
     * and/or ext/sodium (via PECL)
     *
     * @ref https://wiki.php.net/rfc/libsodium
     * @return bool
     */
    protected static function useNewSodiumAPI()
    {
        static $res = null;
        if ($res === null) {
            $res = PHP_VERSION_ID >= 70000 && extension_loaded('sodium');
        }
        if (self::$disableFallbackForUnitTests) {
            // Don't fallback. Use the PHP implementation.
            return false;
        }
        return (bool) $res;
    }
}
How To Start Out An Online Online Casino: Costs, Licenses, Games And More

How To Start Out An Online Online Casino: Costs, Licenses, Games And More

What Are Usually The Best Way To Make Money At The Casino?

These businesses are not really exercises in charitable organisation – rather, they sell players the possibility to win greater prizes for money they are willing to bet. If you go to a land-based on line casino, you need to place the bet so as to play. Namely, a large number of web sites are offering free play sessions for most popular game titles. No one wants to be called a quitter, but there are times when you will be playing casino video games whenever you simply have got to stop. The only reason exactly why experienced players recommend this is actually the fact that you have a lot more than your pride to lose here – you can lose all your current money.

  • Do an individual play casino game titles on an everyday basis for even more than a few hours?
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There’s a pre-determined Return To Player figure, which can either be arranged by the software creator or the casino alone. CasinoWizard’s life quest is always to seek away trustworthy online gambling dens that offer on-line slots in the particular highest RTP setups. Well, while it’s believed to become the particular biggest market with regard to online casinos immediately, you need a separate license each state that approves on-line casino gambling. This is one regarding the main reasons why online casinos are less eager on players making minimum deposits and withdrawals all the particular time. Keep inside mind that most online casinos offer the same games, so there are few variables that distinguish them from your rest.

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Whilst revenues from video games are guaranteed, what do casinos carry out to maximise their own earnings? To achieve success in the lengthy run, an on-line casino always requires to get fresh customers, ensure of which those customers are playing frequently and are delighted and stay set.” “[newline]Every online casino’s objective is the same — people pay to play a broad range of casino games. Every game is based on luck, and players invest a specific amount pounds and hope to be able to win more. Beyond general marketing techniques and commission-seeking, online casinos will likewise host games that have specific Return to Player (RTP) proportions mostbet login.

  • But become aware also in case there is a new maximum limit for withdrawing funds.
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  • These businesses are not exercises in charitable organisation – rather, that they sell players the opportunity to win bigger prizes for cash they are willing to bet.
  • This way, you could be able to develop your app without having a gambling license.
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  • This approach, you will possess a general idea of your accessible funds and you will be capable to place reasonable wagers that correspond in order to your bankroll.

These casinos eliminate the long withdrawal, registration in addition to deposit processes and let players to quickly start playing. Most of these casinos have teamed upward with Trustly, the fintech giant, which created a mechanism for players to bypass the normal processes. Therefore, to enjoy the maximum income and high go back on investments obtainable on this sort of business, a person must also become ready to pay for typically the required sacrifices. An RTP above this is well known as very generous – and many sport developers offer slot machines on which casinos may set RTPs over a sliding scale.

How Does An Online Casino Operate?

Though most casino video games are easy to understand, most of them take some time to master. So, as a gambler aiming to make money regularly, you must cautiously understand the regulations as well as how to play the particular games well. The very first thing that a person need to realize if you need to make money from an on-line casino, is that you need an advantage.

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  • In the long run, all players will shed 5% of these cash to the on line casino which pays champions 95% as cashback.

Otherwise, it will probably be” “a costly mistake and an obstacle to getting to a profitable business. In this article, all of us will take you on a quest where we provide you insights directly into how to start and function an internet casino. So, you already been having several thoughts of beginning your own online casino, or maybe you might be just curious about how it just about all works.

How To Make Money Online: 8 Work-from-home Jobs To Choose From

You could also try setting oneself a time limit for gaming online. Aside coming from winning big on games, do an individual know how in order to make money from the casino? If you’re a normal gambler playing with big sums, an individual might be entitled to extra additional bonuses or cash mostbet app.

  • Blackjack is one of the world’s most favored casino games and one of the most profitable for players.
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  • Games where it’s Player vs. Gamer will often possess an entrance payment.
  • Keep in mind that most online casinos offer you the same games, so there are very few variables that distinguish them from your rest.

This way, you might be able to build your app without having a gambling certificate. Nevertheless, your software must meet the other legal needs mentioned earlier. You should also consider cryptocurrency as the entire online online casino industry is relocating to this field as well. You’ll also need to offer several rewarding bonuses and promotions, especially within the early days and nights, so that you can quickly appeal to high quantities of players.

How To Gain From Casino Bonus Deals With Online Slots

It is obviously recommended to conduct proper research before choosing online casinos or applications, whether you are a beginner or an experienced casino player. Reading reviews submitted by other users can be a helpful way to gain more information in regards to a site. These reviews may provide valuable ideas from people that have already had some experience with the site. Slot devices are one regarding the most fun-packed games in the particular great casinos.

This article provides a step-by-step guide to help an individual navigate setting up your online online casino. It includes specified information, from buying the necessary licenses and” “licences to choosing typically the right software and payment processing remedies. Reading site testimonials before trusting it with your cash is also a new good idea. Furthermore, the casino’s style and navigation should be clear and user-friendly, particularly if these people market themselves since the best and most trustworthy in the commercial. It’s also essential to know the least and maximum wagering limits and to be able to inquire using the specialized support team about the maximum payout for large winnings.

Choosing Plus Playing Games

For example, the particular RTP of a new slot game may dictate how very much money it provides to players above the course of its lifetime (often several years). This means that the casino would not respect the break-even rule to be able to allow players in order to earn their full amount. In the particular long run, all players will drop 5% of these money to the online casino which pays winners 95% as procuring. Although this house edge appears to be able to be small , and the cumulative amount is usually massive, thinking about the hefty wagers that each players exchange within the high stakes casinos. Online gambling has turn out to be legal across the handful of declares over the last decade, while online sports betting made a much greater push across typically the country.

  • You’ll range from the amount of your earnings when you record your” “tax return for the year rather than at the casino when you claim them.
  • They are typically recommended to even more advanced business owners who wish to have more say within the small things.
  • How to make money in casino is a frequent query these days of course, if you are seeking for an response to this query look no even more.
  • With Player versus. Casino, the casino will use a specific RTP, which is usually programmed into the particular game.
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  • Today, some casinos function over 1, 500 slot games, and many game companies still publish new titles every year.

With” “the change, emerging on-line gaming companies for example DraftKings and incumbent casinos’ online procedures give them even more ways to get to the betting public as opposed to the way ever before. The reasons why it will be so important to get familiar together with these factors is usually that thanks to them, you will be able to be able to determine the most beneficial game for an individual. Generally speaking, typically the higher the home edge, the lower the probabilities are to win the sport.

Tips In Order To Have Got Fun Playing Online Baccarat

Obviously, you should never play with money you have to pay your bills or perhaps cover your daily demands. As this stating goes – have fun with money that you could afford to shed. Don’t forget that will online casinos are usually available 24/7 in addition to there’s do not need be in a be quick when visiting these internet sites. First and primarily, you should understand that not all casino games have similar odds. As the matter of truth, many of them have very much better odds as compared to others. For example, online slot games have some from the worst odds you will find in this business.

  • If an individual check out a land-based casino, you have to place the bet to be able to perform.
  • These games are not really only fun to play but are usually also extremely exciting.
  • This is just what brings the enjoyment, excitement, and high quality gaming for your on-line casino.
  • Make certain to supply the most popular banking methods so players can quickly deposit and take away from the casino.

There are many casino game titles like slot game titles, roulette, and keno where you can find amazing jackpots. In some cases, these jackpots will be worth hundreds regarding thousands of bucks. But, if an individual are thinking about obtaining a way in order to win a jackpot feature like this, you may realize that you will realize that the particular odds of succeeding are extremely minimal. This means that will you don’t possess to invest any of your funds to try out a video game there. Obviously, this specific also means of which you won’t be able to earn money, but you should understand this as a new way to generate money in on the internet casinos over time.

Web Development

But what’s known for sure is that each of these people has specific units of rules. So, before you commence playing on a new casino site, make sure that you understand the fundamentals of the sport you are looking at. It would be even better if you spend several time reading guides that can aid master that game. One of the particular things that create casino sites thus exciting and popular is that an individual can get entry to hundreds of games. On the some other hand, there” “are some casino games with excellent odds.

  • Gambling will be unpredictable, and one must realize that it is not wise to invest their finances at risk as there is constantly an opportunity of losing.
  • Despite RTPs becoming seemingly balanced in the direction of the gamer, these statistics indicate that there will always become an assurance of come back to a casino.
  • The least difficult and quickest technique is the White Label solution, and it takes around a couple of to three months.
  • With that at heart, I wanted to offer you an in depth review of the actions take to start an online casino.
  • If functioning in order to” “live casinos, they obtain profit from game titles while there is no randomly number generator.

You won’t become able to any casino without repayment processors, so you’ll have to help to make” “deals with reputable payment companies. Now that I’ve covered most of the important things about starting and working an online casino let’s take a quick look at the actions you need to take to open it yourself. Many regulatory bodies within the world offer licenses to internet casinos and other gambling websites. Despite RTPs becoming seemingly balanced towards the ball player, these figures indicate that presently there will always become guaranteed of go back to a casino. Players can also keep on to expect completely random gameplay – for example, a great RTP of 97% isn’t an assurance that they will certainly lose just 3% of times. How to be able to make money at casino is a frequent issue these days and if you are seeking for an solution to this query look no even more.

Online Casino Benefits Over The Players

ECOGRA may be the online playing industry’s independent limiter and they evaluate online casinos to be sure they’re secure regarding players. If you would like” “for making money with on the internet casinos, you have got to take some time to be able to prepare and learn each of the subtleties in the industry. For instance, you need to know which game titles are beneficial in addition to which ones don’t have decent probabilities. In addition, you have to possess virtues such as patience and discipline as they play a crucial role inside this process.

  • Last but not minimum, many gambling specialists advise that the best way to make money with on the internet casinos is in order to aim at making small, achievable income rather than colossal amounts.
  • Most of the particular casinos have an on line casino VIP program that is used to be able to rank players of which are entitled to this reward.
  • First of all, there’s blackjack, a card game with typical odds that move below 1%.
  • We’ll cover several matters, including considering particular game strategies, money management tips, and how to maximize bonuses for a new rewarding gaming encounter.

We all know of which online casinos make a fortune, as the latest estimates recommend that the online gambling market is usually worth a staggering $66. 7 billion. Having a strategy get is just as essential as” “using a strategy for your moves when applicable. What is even more, without a dependable plan for your own bankroll, you will be bound to lose all of your own winnings.

How We Make Money

And as we keep mentioning, you need a solid partner that knows how to design and develop a quality casino software. It is crucial to keep in mind that creating a dedicated on line casino app will require a larger budget compared to building an MVP. But if” “you could have the resources, the dedicated app may be a fantastic way to ensure your product is top-notch. Your casino application needs to become able to stand out in a sea of competition.

  • However, the casinos bank on some gamers being reckless since it’s another method for them to ensure they win more as compared to those players.
  • To successfully acquire new players, you’ll want to be able to use targeted text messages.
  • Make sure to usually look at the minimum bet limit a particular game has as this is the total amount that you will be required to spot every time inside order to remain in the game.
  • With prototypes of your slots, we can quickly show you how your online casino will look and feel.

CasinoWizard comes with an expert team of 4 slots- and internet casino enthusiasts with more than 50 combined a lot of experience. Yes, not only does the old shield dominate the on-line casino landscape, but some new traders have made a great impact, too. Isn´t it enough in order to provide players with the most known payment strategies like VISA, Master card, and Bank transactions?

Avoid Sketchy Sites

Analytics Insight® is an influential platform dedicated to information, trends, and opinion from the globe of data-driven technologies. It monitors innovations, recognition, and achievements made by Synthetic Intelligence, Big Data and Analytics companies across the globe. Analytics Insight will be an influential system dedicated to information, trends, and views from your world of data-driven technologies. The options are increasing, but a good way to employ them is to be able to gamble online. Do your quest and possess a proper technique plan ready regarding what markets you would like to target and exactly why.” “[newline]Latin America is increasing, but again, you need some being familiar with of those marketplaces and correctly translated content. One sure way to are unsuccessful is to use poorly converted content, so pay out attention to them.

  • These events often require an entry fee but allow gamers to win money by gambling.
  • There are numerous ways you can leverage your online casino to help to make money.
  • But it offers the advantage of being higher than a cashable added bonus (hence a larger playing bankroll) even though also the gambling requirements will end up being higher.
  • Winnings that exceed either $600 or 300 times your initial wager must be reported in a horse racing track.

Are used to entice participants to keep placing bets because they will are offered if you reload your account. Loyalty bonuses will be rewards for players that have advanced in levels because associated with long term engagement with the on line casino. Most of the casinos possess a casino VIP program of which is used to be able to rank players that are eligible for this reward. Casino” “procuring bonuses involve the refunds you obtain whenever you register a streak of loss. How to make money from on-line casino bonuses is now a common training within the gaming world.

Do Internet Casinos Report Gambling Revenue To The Internal Revenue Service?

The right and scalable platform plays a role of a skeleton for your business and determines how easy it is to develop and grow your casino app. With prototypes of your slot machines, we can quickly demonstrate how your online casino will look and feel. We can also help you with the more technical aspects, such as setting up a payment gateway and choosing the right hosting solution.

  • You need to provide players a cause to choose your on the internet casino instead of a competitor next time they wish to play.
  • You can perform live commentary, communicate with the talk functionality, or create banter between gamers (if applicable).
  • This is the hard reality, and you need to realize what you are usually getting into before investing time in addition to money into releasing your own casinos.

You must furthermore integrate the necessary features like repayment systems and user accounts management. The point is the fact when you run your own personal online casino, a person decide if you permit players spin together with the best odds or with RTPs that increase your current chances of creating a profitable business. The most popular on line casino games are slots, poker, blackjack, and roulette. Online casino business is a profitable business that is desirable to learn by interested business-minded individuals regardless of their previous experience. The enterprise has” “turned into one of the leading internet businesses in the world today that provides maximum profit over a relatively quick period of period.

Find And Safe Popular Payment Methods

Players can easily still hit huge wins when enjoying on lower RTP versions, but their particular balances will dry up faster as compared to when playing around the best-paying options. Most players have zero idea that these alternatives even exist and automatically imagine they always play on typically the best-paying version any time in reality the contrary might be real. Make sure of which whoever does these kinds of negotiations to suit your needs provides previous experience of how these deals should be made in addition to knowledge about typically the going rates.

  • To achieve success at internet marketer marketing, choosing reliable and trustworthy on-line casinos with good alteration rates is important.
  • Pay N Play casinos gather the players’ banking details via Trustly therefore that players can skip right in order to the deposit.
  • This number, of program, translates into over 90% of individuals who lose big time in the particular gambling industry.
  • Another good advice related to casino game titles and learning these kinds of games is to be able to play 1 or 2 various types of video games at once.

The house edge is the expression which describes typically the built-in advantage regarding the casino or in other phrases, the proportion of almost all wagered money that you are anticipated to get involved typically the long term. To achieve success at internet marketer marketing, choosing trustworthy and trustworthy on the internet casinos with high transformation rates is important. To attract prospective players, you may create content such as reviews, guides, or even comparisons on the web site or social networking stations. For instance, a person can create a list of top websites and gives users to play with a 5 dollar deposit casino or even other low-deposit websites. Live casino video games are completely diverse ball games in addition to work by using a residence edge. They assure profits to the on-line casino in the long run, although.

Sign In To Read The Full Article”

Having a new” “casino with real retailers and live video clip streaming features will be fundamental for your own business. SoftGamings may offer any sport beyond this listing, guaranteed to become the great source associated with entertainment. While that is true of which it is possible to make money with online casinos, an individual should always view gambling mainly being a source of amusement. Bear in brain that all on line casino games have the built-in advantage which often will eventually trigger you to shed money. Therefore, that is best to be able to simply benefit from the casino game which you have chosen in addition to make the just about all of your time online. If you play skill-based games and possess a money administration strategy, you could have enjoyment and at typically the same time, make money.

  • Stick to game titles where your ability can give an individual an advantage on the casino – make use of our best strategy with regard to roulette guide in roulette such as.
  • Ok, so an individual decided to possibly look into creating your own platform or go for the package alternative where you get almost all of the time consuming elements served over a silver platter.
  • In the end, be aware that it will most likely take you mainly because many as two years to break even.
  • Now that I’ve covered most regarding the essential things about starting and working an online casino let’s take a quick look at the methods you need to take to open up it yourself.
  • Today, the best payment methods inside casinos are e-wallets and cryptocurrency.

There are shared benefits to delightful offers and continuous promotions that players come across frequently at online casinos. For example, the casino offering a no-deposit bonus will give a new gamer the opportunity to try the game free of charge without risk. For typically the casino, there’s a new chance that said player will determine to join plus play more games, this time with real money. Another important factor to think about when choosing an internet casino is the number of available video games. The more video games a website offers, typically the more appealing it is to customers, and a wide assortment of games often indicates high site visitors levels.

Cryptos Set In Order To Explode Before The Bitcoin Halving Based To Chatgpt: Cardano (ada), Everlodge (eldg), Tron (trx)

The more gamers you might have and the more money they invest, the additional the casino will earn. That’s since although the games” “are based on luck, in the grand scheme regarding things, the online casino will always make more than it manages to lose. The gambling online business is rising, plus more and additional players are becoming a member of it, so there’s always space for a new businessperson to enter typically the fold. Do you play casino games on a daily basis for more than a few hours? If the answers to be able to these questions will be affirmative, then probably it’s time to stop to check out assist.

However, given that you get amused by playing a casino game, presently there are only 2 possible outcomes – to either succeed or lose. Therefore, the inevitable query whether or not necessarily it is possible to building income with on-line casinos arises. Another thing that comes to mind is usually whether some online casino games truly offer better odds.

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