Current File : //lib64/python3.6/locale.py
"""Locale support module.

The module provides low-level access to the C lib's locale APIs and adds high
level number formatting APIs as well as a locale aliasing engine to complement
these.

The aliasing engine includes support for many commonly used locale names and
maps them to values suitable for passing to the C lib's setlocale() function. It
also includes default encodings for all supported locale names.

"""

import sys
import encodings
import encodings.aliases
import re
import collections
from builtins import str as _builtin_str
import functools

# Try importing the _locale module.
#
# If this fails, fall back on a basic 'C' locale emulation.

# Yuck:  LC_MESSAGES is non-standard:  can't tell whether it exists before
# trying the import.  So __all__ is also fiddled at the end of the file.
__all__ = ["getlocale", "getdefaultlocale", "getpreferredencoding", "Error",
           "setlocale", "resetlocale", "localeconv", "strcoll", "strxfrm",
           "str", "atof", "atoi", "format", "format_string", "currency",
           "normalize", "LC_CTYPE", "LC_COLLATE", "LC_TIME", "LC_MONETARY",
           "LC_NUMERIC", "LC_ALL", "CHAR_MAX"]

def _strcoll(a,b):
    """ strcoll(string,string) -> int.
        Compares two strings according to the locale.
    """
    return (a > b) - (a < b)

def _strxfrm(s):
    """ strxfrm(string) -> string.
        Returns a string that behaves for cmp locale-aware.
    """
    return s

try:

    from _locale import *

except ImportError:

    # Locale emulation

    CHAR_MAX = 127
    LC_ALL = 6
    LC_COLLATE = 3
    LC_CTYPE = 0
    LC_MESSAGES = 5
    LC_MONETARY = 4
    LC_NUMERIC = 1
    LC_TIME = 2
    Error = ValueError

    def localeconv():
        """ localeconv() -> dict.
            Returns numeric and monetary locale-specific parameters.
        """
        # 'C' locale default values
        return {'grouping': [127],
                'currency_symbol': '',
                'n_sign_posn': 127,
                'p_cs_precedes': 127,
                'n_cs_precedes': 127,
                'mon_grouping': [],
                'n_sep_by_space': 127,
                'decimal_point': '.',
                'negative_sign': '',
                'positive_sign': '',
                'p_sep_by_space': 127,
                'int_curr_symbol': '',
                'p_sign_posn': 127,
                'thousands_sep': '',
                'mon_thousands_sep': '',
                'frac_digits': 127,
                'mon_decimal_point': '',
                'int_frac_digits': 127}

    def setlocale(category, value=None):
        """ setlocale(integer,string=None) -> string.
            Activates/queries locale processing.
        """
        if value not in (None, '', 'C'):
            raise Error('_locale emulation only supports "C" locale')
        return 'C'

# These may or may not exist in _locale, so be sure to set them.
if 'strxfrm' not in globals():
    strxfrm = _strxfrm
if 'strcoll' not in globals():
    strcoll = _strcoll


_localeconv = localeconv

# With this dict, you can override some items of localeconv's return value.
# This is useful for testing purposes.
_override_localeconv = {}

@functools.wraps(_localeconv)
def localeconv():
    d = _localeconv()
    if _override_localeconv:
        d.update(_override_localeconv)
    return d


### Number formatting APIs

# Author: Martin von Loewis
# improved by Georg Brandl

# Iterate over grouping intervals
def _grouping_intervals(grouping):
    last_interval = None
    for interval in grouping:
        # if grouping is -1, we are done
        if interval == CHAR_MAX:
            return
        # 0: re-use last group ad infinitum
        if interval == 0:
            if last_interval is None:
                raise ValueError("invalid grouping")
            while True:
                yield last_interval
        yield interval
        last_interval = interval

#perform the grouping from right to left
def _group(s, monetary=False):
    conv = localeconv()
    thousands_sep = conv[monetary and 'mon_thousands_sep' or 'thousands_sep']
    grouping = conv[monetary and 'mon_grouping' or 'grouping']
    if not grouping:
        return (s, 0)
    if s[-1] == ' ':
        stripped = s.rstrip()
        right_spaces = s[len(stripped):]
        s = stripped
    else:
        right_spaces = ''
    left_spaces = ''
    groups = []
    for interval in _grouping_intervals(grouping):
        if not s or s[-1] not in "0123456789":
            # only non-digit characters remain (sign, spaces)
            left_spaces = s
            s = ''
            break
        groups.append(s[-interval:])
        s = s[:-interval]
    if s:
        groups.append(s)
    groups.reverse()
    return (
        left_spaces + thousands_sep.join(groups) + right_spaces,
        len(thousands_sep) * (len(groups) - 1)
    )

# Strip a given amount of excess padding from the given string
def _strip_padding(s, amount):
    lpos = 0
    while amount and s[lpos] == ' ':
        lpos += 1
        amount -= 1
    rpos = len(s) - 1
    while amount and s[rpos] == ' ':
        rpos -= 1
        amount -= 1
    return s[lpos:rpos+1]

_percent_re = re.compile(r'%(?:\((?P<key>.*?)\))?'
                         r'(?P<modifiers>[-#0-9 +*.hlL]*?)[eEfFgGdiouxXcrs%]')

def format(percent, value, grouping=False, monetary=False, *additional):
    """Returns the locale-aware substitution of a %? specifier
    (percent).

    additional is for format strings which contain one or more
    '*' modifiers."""
    # this is only for one-percent-specifier strings and this should be checked
    match = _percent_re.match(percent)
    if not match or len(match.group())!= len(percent):
        raise ValueError(("format() must be given exactly one %%char "
                         "format specifier, %s not valid") % repr(percent))
    return _format(percent, value, grouping, monetary, *additional)

def _format(percent, value, grouping=False, monetary=False, *additional):
    if additional:
        formatted = percent % ((value,) + additional)
    else:
        formatted = percent % value
    # floats and decimal ints need special action!
    if percent[-1] in 'eEfFgG':
        seps = 0
        parts = formatted.split('.')
        if grouping:
            parts[0], seps = _group(parts[0], monetary=monetary)
        decimal_point = localeconv()[monetary and 'mon_decimal_point'
                                              or 'decimal_point']
        formatted = decimal_point.join(parts)
        if seps:
            formatted = _strip_padding(formatted, seps)
    elif percent[-1] in 'diu':
        seps = 0
        if grouping:
            formatted, seps = _group(formatted, monetary=monetary)
        if seps:
            formatted = _strip_padding(formatted, seps)
    return formatted

def format_string(f, val, grouping=False):
    """Formats a string in the same way that the % formatting would use,
    but takes the current locale into account.
    Grouping is applied if the third parameter is true."""
    percents = list(_percent_re.finditer(f))
    new_f = _percent_re.sub('%s', f)

    if isinstance(val, collections.Mapping):
        new_val = []
        for perc in percents:
            if perc.group()[-1]=='%':
                new_val.append('%')
            else:
                new_val.append(format(perc.group(), val, grouping))
    else:
        if not isinstance(val, tuple):
            val = (val,)
        new_val = []
        i = 0
        for perc in percents:
            if perc.group()[-1]=='%':
                new_val.append('%')
            else:
                starcount = perc.group('modifiers').count('*')
                new_val.append(_format(perc.group(),
                                      val[i],
                                      grouping,
                                      False,
                                      *val[i+1:i+1+starcount]))
                i += (1 + starcount)
    val = tuple(new_val)

    return new_f % val

def currency(val, symbol=True, grouping=False, international=False):
    """Formats val according to the currency settings
    in the current locale."""
    conv = localeconv()

    # check for illegal values
    digits = conv[international and 'int_frac_digits' or 'frac_digits']
    if digits == 127:
        raise ValueError("Currency formatting is not possible using "
                         "the 'C' locale.")

    s = format('%%.%if' % digits, abs(val), grouping, monetary=True)
    # '<' and '>' are markers if the sign must be inserted between symbol and value
    s = '<' + s + '>'

    if symbol:
        smb = conv[international and 'int_curr_symbol' or 'currency_symbol']
        precedes = conv[val<0 and 'n_cs_precedes' or 'p_cs_precedes']
        separated = conv[val<0 and 'n_sep_by_space' or 'p_sep_by_space']

        if precedes:
            s = smb + (separated and ' ' or '') + s
        else:
            s = s + (separated and ' ' or '') + smb

    sign_pos = conv[val<0 and 'n_sign_posn' or 'p_sign_posn']
    sign = conv[val<0 and 'negative_sign' or 'positive_sign']

    if sign_pos == 0:
        s = '(' + s + ')'
    elif sign_pos == 1:
        s = sign + s
    elif sign_pos == 2:
        s = s + sign
    elif sign_pos == 3:
        s = s.replace('<', sign)
    elif sign_pos == 4:
        s = s.replace('>', sign)
    else:
        # the default if nothing specified;
        # this should be the most fitting sign position
        s = sign + s

    return s.replace('<', '').replace('>', '')

def str(val):
    """Convert float to string, taking the locale into account."""
    return format("%.12g", val)

def delocalize(string):
    "Parses a string as a normalized number according to the locale settings."

    conv = localeconv()

    #First, get rid of the grouping
    ts = conv['thousands_sep']
    if ts:
        string = string.replace(ts, '')

    #next, replace the decimal point with a dot
    dd = conv['decimal_point']
    if dd:
        string = string.replace(dd, '.')
    return string

def atof(string, func=float):
    "Parses a string as a float according to the locale settings."
    return func(delocalize(string))

def atoi(string):
    "Converts a string to an integer according to the locale settings."
    return int(delocalize(string))

def _test():
    setlocale(LC_ALL, "")
    #do grouping
    s1 = format("%d", 123456789,1)
    print(s1, "is", atoi(s1))
    #standard formatting
    s1 = str(3.14)
    print(s1, "is", atof(s1))

### Locale name aliasing engine

# Author: Marc-Andre Lemburg, [email protected]
# Various tweaks by Fredrik Lundh <[email protected]>

# store away the low-level version of setlocale (it's
# overridden below)
_setlocale = setlocale

def _replace_encoding(code, encoding):
    if '.' in code:
        langname = code[:code.index('.')]
    else:
        langname = code
    # Convert the encoding to a C lib compatible encoding string
    norm_encoding = encodings.normalize_encoding(encoding)
    #print('norm encoding: %r' % norm_encoding)
    norm_encoding = encodings.aliases.aliases.get(norm_encoding.lower(),
                                                  norm_encoding)
    #print('aliased encoding: %r' % norm_encoding)
    encoding = norm_encoding
    norm_encoding = norm_encoding.lower()
    if norm_encoding in locale_encoding_alias:
        encoding = locale_encoding_alias[norm_encoding]
    else:
        norm_encoding = norm_encoding.replace('_', '')
        norm_encoding = norm_encoding.replace('-', '')
        if norm_encoding in locale_encoding_alias:
            encoding = locale_encoding_alias[norm_encoding]
    #print('found encoding %r' % encoding)
    return langname + '.' + encoding

def _append_modifier(code, modifier):
    if modifier == 'euro':
        if '.' not in code:
            return code + '.ISO8859-15'
        _, _, encoding = code.partition('.')
        if encoding in ('ISO8859-15', 'UTF-8'):
            return code
        if encoding == 'ISO8859-1':
            return _replace_encoding(code, 'ISO8859-15')
    return code + '@' + modifier

def normalize(localename):

    """ Returns a normalized locale code for the given locale
        name.

        The returned locale code is formatted for use with
        setlocale().

        If normalization fails, the original name is returned
        unchanged.

        If the given encoding is not known, the function defaults to
        the default encoding for the locale code just like setlocale()
        does.

    """
    # Normalize the locale name and extract the encoding and modifier
    code = localename.lower()
    if ':' in code:
        # ':' is sometimes used as encoding delimiter.
        code = code.replace(':', '.')
    if '@' in code:
        code, modifier = code.split('@', 1)
    else:
        modifier = ''
    if '.' in code:
        langname, encoding = code.split('.')[:2]
    else:
        langname = code
        encoding = ''

    # First lookup: fullname (possibly with encoding and modifier)
    lang_enc = langname
    if encoding:
        norm_encoding = encoding.replace('-', '')
        norm_encoding = norm_encoding.replace('_', '')
        lang_enc += '.' + norm_encoding
    lookup_name = lang_enc
    if modifier:
        lookup_name += '@' + modifier
    code = locale_alias.get(lookup_name, None)
    if code is not None:
        return code
    #print('first lookup failed')

    if modifier:
        # Second try: fullname without modifier (possibly with encoding)
        code = locale_alias.get(lang_enc, None)
        if code is not None:
            #print('lookup without modifier succeeded')
            if '@' not in code:
                return _append_modifier(code, modifier)
            if code.split('@', 1)[1].lower() == modifier:
                return code
        #print('second lookup failed')

    if encoding:
        # Third try: langname (without encoding, possibly with modifier)
        lookup_name = langname
        if modifier:
            lookup_name += '@' + modifier
        code = locale_alias.get(lookup_name, None)
        if code is not None:
            #print('lookup without encoding succeeded')
            if '@' not in code:
                return _replace_encoding(code, encoding)
            code, modifier = code.split('@', 1)
            return _replace_encoding(code, encoding) + '@' + modifier

        if modifier:
            # Fourth try: langname (without encoding and modifier)
            code = locale_alias.get(langname, None)
            if code is not None:
                #print('lookup without modifier and encoding succeeded')
                if '@' not in code:
                    code = _replace_encoding(code, encoding)
                    return _append_modifier(code, modifier)
                code, defmod = code.split('@', 1)
                if defmod.lower() == modifier:
                    return _replace_encoding(code, encoding) + '@' + defmod

    return localename

def _parse_localename(localename):

    """ Parses the locale code for localename and returns the
        result as tuple (language code, encoding).

        The localename is normalized and passed through the locale
        alias engine. A ValueError is raised in case the locale name
        cannot be parsed.

        The language code corresponds to RFC 1766.  code and encoding
        can be None in case the values cannot be determined or are
        unknown to this implementation.

    """
    code = normalize(localename)
    if '@' in code:
        # Deal with locale modifiers
        code, modifier = code.split('@', 1)
        if modifier == 'euro' and '.' not in code:
            # Assume Latin-9 for @euro locales. This is bogus,
            # since some systems may use other encodings for these
            # locales. Also, we ignore other modifiers.
            return code, 'iso-8859-15'

    if '.' in code:
        return tuple(code.split('.')[:2])
    elif code == 'C':
        return None, None
    raise ValueError('unknown locale: %s' % localename)

def _build_localename(localetuple):

    """ Builds a locale code from the given tuple (language code,
        encoding).

        No aliasing or normalizing takes place.

    """
    try:
        language, encoding = localetuple

        if language is None:
            language = 'C'
        if encoding is None:
            return language
        else:
            return language + '.' + encoding
    except (TypeError, ValueError):
        raise TypeError('Locale must be None, a string, or an iterable of two strings -- language code, encoding.')

def getdefaultlocale(envvars=('LC_ALL', 'LC_CTYPE', 'LANG', 'LANGUAGE')):

    """ Tries to determine the default locale settings and returns
        them as tuple (language code, encoding).

        According to POSIX, a program which has not called
        setlocale(LC_ALL, "") runs using the portable 'C' locale.
        Calling setlocale(LC_ALL, "") lets it use the default locale as
        defined by the LANG variable. Since we don't want to interfere
        with the current locale setting we thus emulate the behavior
        in the way described above.

        To maintain compatibility with other platforms, not only the
        LANG variable is tested, but a list of variables given as
        envvars parameter. The first found to be defined will be
        used. envvars defaults to the search path used in GNU gettext;
        it must always contain the variable name 'LANG'.

        Except for the code 'C', the language code corresponds to RFC
        1766.  code and encoding can be None in case the values cannot
        be determined.

    """

    try:
        # check if it's supported by the _locale module
        import _locale
        code, encoding = _locale._getdefaultlocale()
    except (ImportError, AttributeError):
        pass
    else:
        # make sure the code/encoding values are valid
        if sys.platform == "win32" and code and code[:2] == "0x":
            # map windows language identifier to language name
            code = windows_locale.get(int(code, 0))
        # ...add other platform-specific processing here, if
        # necessary...
        return code, encoding

    # fall back on POSIX behaviour
    import os
    lookup = os.environ.get
    for variable in envvars:
        localename = lookup(variable,None)
        if localename:
            if variable == 'LANGUAGE':
                localename = localename.split(':')[0]
            break
    else:
        localename = 'C'
    return _parse_localename(localename)


def getlocale(category=LC_CTYPE):

    """ Returns the current setting for the given locale category as
        tuple (language code, encoding).

        category may be one of the LC_* value except LC_ALL. It
        defaults to LC_CTYPE.

        Except for the code 'C', the language code corresponds to RFC
        1766.  code and encoding can be None in case the values cannot
        be determined.

    """
    localename = _setlocale(category)
    if category == LC_ALL and ';' in localename:
        raise TypeError('category LC_ALL is not supported')
    return _parse_localename(localename)

def setlocale(category, locale=None):

    """ Set the locale for the given category.  The locale can be
        a string, an iterable of two strings (language code and encoding),
        or None.

        Iterables are converted to strings using the locale aliasing
        engine.  Locale strings are passed directly to the C lib.

        category may be given as one of the LC_* values.

    """
    if locale and not isinstance(locale, _builtin_str):
        # convert to string
        locale = normalize(_build_localename(locale))
    return _setlocale(category, locale)

def resetlocale(category=LC_ALL):

    """ Sets the locale for category to the default setting.

        The default setting is determined by calling
        getdefaultlocale(). category defaults to LC_ALL.

    """
    _setlocale(category, _build_localename(getdefaultlocale()))

if sys.platform.startswith("win"):
    # On Win32, this will return the ANSI code page
    def getpreferredencoding(do_setlocale = True):
        """Return the charset that the user is likely using."""
        import _bootlocale
        return _bootlocale.getpreferredencoding(False)
else:
    # On Unix, if CODESET is available, use that.
    try:
        CODESET
    except NameError:
        # Fall back to parsing environment variables :-(
        def getpreferredencoding(do_setlocale = True):
            """Return the charset that the user is likely using,
            by looking at environment variables."""
            res = getdefaultlocale()[1]
            if res is None:
                # LANG not set, default conservatively to ASCII
                res = 'ascii'
            return res
    else:
        def getpreferredencoding(do_setlocale = True):
            """Return the charset that the user is likely using,
            according to the system configuration."""
            import _bootlocale
            if do_setlocale:
                oldloc = setlocale(LC_CTYPE)
                try:
                    setlocale(LC_CTYPE, "")
                except Error:
                    pass
            result = _bootlocale.getpreferredencoding(False)
            if do_setlocale:
                setlocale(LC_CTYPE, oldloc)
            return result


### Database
#
# The following data was extracted from the locale.alias file which
# comes with X11 and then hand edited removing the explicit encoding
# definitions and adding some more aliases. The file is usually
# available as /usr/lib/X11/locale/locale.alias.
#

#
# The local_encoding_alias table maps lowercase encoding alias names
# to C locale encoding names (case-sensitive). Note that normalize()
# first looks up the encoding in the encodings.aliases dictionary and
# then applies this mapping to find the correct C lib name for the
# encoding.
#
locale_encoding_alias = {

    # Mappings for non-standard encoding names used in locale names
    '437':                          'C',
    'c':                            'C',
    'en':                           'ISO8859-1',
    'jis':                          'JIS7',
    'jis7':                         'JIS7',
    'ajec':                         'eucJP',
    'koi8c':                        'KOI8-C',
    'microsoftcp1251':              'CP1251',
    'microsoftcp1255':              'CP1255',
    'microsoftcp1256':              'CP1256',
    '88591':                        'ISO8859-1',
    '88592':                        'ISO8859-2',
    '88595':                        'ISO8859-5',
    '885915':                       'ISO8859-15',

    # Mappings from Python codec names to C lib encoding names
    'ascii':                        'ISO8859-1',
    'latin_1':                      'ISO8859-1',
    'iso8859_1':                    'ISO8859-1',
    'iso8859_10':                   'ISO8859-10',
    'iso8859_11':                   'ISO8859-11',
    'iso8859_13':                   'ISO8859-13',
    'iso8859_14':                   'ISO8859-14',
    'iso8859_15':                   'ISO8859-15',
    'iso8859_16':                   'ISO8859-16',
    'iso8859_2':                    'ISO8859-2',
    'iso8859_3':                    'ISO8859-3',
    'iso8859_4':                    'ISO8859-4',
    'iso8859_5':                    'ISO8859-5',
    'iso8859_6':                    'ISO8859-6',
    'iso8859_7':                    'ISO8859-7',
    'iso8859_8':                    'ISO8859-8',
    'iso8859_9':                    'ISO8859-9',
    'iso2022_jp':                   'JIS7',
    'shift_jis':                    'SJIS',
    'tactis':                       'TACTIS',
    'euc_jp':                       'eucJP',
    'euc_kr':                       'eucKR',
    'utf_8':                        'UTF-8',
    'koi8_r':                       'KOI8-R',
    'koi8_t':                       'KOI8-T',
    'koi8_u':                       'KOI8-U',
    'kz1048':                       'RK1048',
    'cp1251':                       'CP1251',
    'cp1255':                       'CP1255',
    'cp1256':                       'CP1256',

    # XXX This list is still incomplete. If you know more
    # mappings, please file a bug report. Thanks.
}

for k, v in sorted(locale_encoding_alias.items()):
    k = k.replace('_', '')
    locale_encoding_alias.setdefault(k, v)

#
# The locale_alias table maps lowercase alias names to C locale names
# (case-sensitive). Encodings are always separated from the locale
# name using a dot ('.'); they should only be given in case the
# language name is needed to interpret the given encoding alias
# correctly (CJK codes often have this need).
#
# Note that the normalize() function which uses this tables
# removes '_' and '-' characters from the encoding part of the
# locale name before doing the lookup. This saves a lot of
# space in the table.
#
# MAL 2004-12-10:
# Updated alias mapping to most recent locale.alias file
# from X.org distribution using makelocalealias.py.
#
# These are the differences compared to the old mapping (Python 2.4
# and older):
#
#    updated 'bg' -> 'bg_BG.ISO8859-5' to 'bg_BG.CP1251'
#    updated 'bg_bg' -> 'bg_BG.ISO8859-5' to 'bg_BG.CP1251'
#    updated 'bulgarian' -> 'bg_BG.ISO8859-5' to 'bg_BG.CP1251'
#    updated 'cz' -> 'cz_CZ.ISO8859-2' to 'cs_CZ.ISO8859-2'
#    updated 'cz_cz' -> 'cz_CZ.ISO8859-2' to 'cs_CZ.ISO8859-2'
#    updated 'czech' -> 'cs_CS.ISO8859-2' to 'cs_CZ.ISO8859-2'
#    updated 'dutch' -> 'nl_BE.ISO8859-1' to 'nl_NL.ISO8859-1'
#    updated 'et' -> 'et_EE.ISO8859-4' to 'et_EE.ISO8859-15'
#    updated 'et_ee' -> 'et_EE.ISO8859-4' to 'et_EE.ISO8859-15'
#    updated 'fi' -> 'fi_FI.ISO8859-1' to 'fi_FI.ISO8859-15'
#    updated 'fi_fi' -> 'fi_FI.ISO8859-1' to 'fi_FI.ISO8859-15'
#    updated 'iw' -> 'iw_IL.ISO8859-8' to 'he_IL.ISO8859-8'
#    updated 'iw_il' -> 'iw_IL.ISO8859-8' to 'he_IL.ISO8859-8'
#    updated 'japanese' -> 'ja_JP.SJIS' to 'ja_JP.eucJP'
#    updated 'lt' -> 'lt_LT.ISO8859-4' to 'lt_LT.ISO8859-13'
#    updated 'lv' -> 'lv_LV.ISO8859-4' to 'lv_LV.ISO8859-13'
#    updated 'sl' -> 'sl_CS.ISO8859-2' to 'sl_SI.ISO8859-2'
#    updated 'slovene' -> 'sl_CS.ISO8859-2' to 'sl_SI.ISO8859-2'
#    updated 'th_th' -> 'th_TH.TACTIS' to 'th_TH.ISO8859-11'
#    updated 'zh_cn' -> 'zh_CN.eucCN' to 'zh_CN.gb2312'
#    updated 'zh_cn.big5' -> 'zh_TW.eucTW' to 'zh_TW.big5'
#    updated 'zh_tw' -> 'zh_TW.eucTW' to 'zh_TW.big5'
#
# MAL 2008-05-30:
# Updated alias mapping to most recent locale.alias file
# from X.org distribution using makelocalealias.py.
#
# These are the differences compared to the old mapping (Python 2.5
# and older):
#
#    updated 'cs_cs.iso88592' -> 'cs_CZ.ISO8859-2' to 'cs_CS.ISO8859-2'
#    updated 'serbocroatian' -> 'sh_YU.ISO8859-2' to 'sr_CS.ISO8859-2'
#    updated 'sh' -> 'sh_YU.ISO8859-2' to 'sr_CS.ISO8859-2'
#    updated 'sh_hr.iso88592' -> 'sh_HR.ISO8859-2' to 'hr_HR.ISO8859-2'
#    updated 'sh_sp' -> 'sh_YU.ISO8859-2' to 'sr_CS.ISO8859-2'
#    updated 'sh_yu' -> 'sh_YU.ISO8859-2' to 'sr_CS.ISO8859-2'
#    updated 'sp' -> 'sp_YU.ISO8859-5' to 'sr_CS.ISO8859-5'
#    updated 'sp_yu' -> 'sp_YU.ISO8859-5' to 'sr_CS.ISO8859-5'
#    updated 'sr' -> 'sr_YU.ISO8859-5' to 'sr_CS.ISO8859-5'
#    updated 'sr@cyrillic' -> 'sr_YU.ISO8859-5' to 'sr_CS.ISO8859-5'
#    updated 'sr_sp' -> 'sr_SP.ISO8859-2' to 'sr_CS.ISO8859-2'
#    updated 'sr_yu' -> 'sr_YU.ISO8859-5' to 'sr_CS.ISO8859-5'
#    updated 'sr_yu.cp1251@cyrillic' -> 'sr_YU.CP1251' to 'sr_CS.CP1251'
#    updated 'sr_yu.iso88592' -> 'sr_YU.ISO8859-2' to 'sr_CS.ISO8859-2'
#    updated 'sr_yu.iso88595' -> 'sr_YU.ISO8859-5' to 'sr_CS.ISO8859-5'
#    updated 'sr_yu.iso88595@cyrillic' -> 'sr_YU.ISO8859-5' to 'sr_CS.ISO8859-5'
#    updated 'sr_yu.microsoftcp1251@cyrillic' -> 'sr_YU.CP1251' to 'sr_CS.CP1251'
#    updated 'sr_yu.utf8@cyrillic' -> 'sr_YU.UTF-8' to 'sr_CS.UTF-8'
#    updated 'sr_yu@cyrillic' -> 'sr_YU.ISO8859-5' to 'sr_CS.ISO8859-5'
#
# AP 2010-04-12:
# Updated alias mapping to most recent locale.alias file
# from X.org distribution using makelocalealias.py.
#
# These are the differences compared to the old mapping (Python 2.6.5
# and older):
#
#    updated 'ru' -> 'ru_RU.ISO8859-5' to 'ru_RU.UTF-8'
#    updated 'ru_ru' -> 'ru_RU.ISO8859-5' to 'ru_RU.UTF-8'
#    updated 'serbocroatian' -> 'sr_CS.ISO8859-2' to 'sr_RS.UTF-8@latin'
#    updated 'sh' -> 'sr_CS.ISO8859-2' to 'sr_RS.UTF-8@latin'
#    updated 'sh_yu' -> 'sr_CS.ISO8859-2' to 'sr_RS.UTF-8@latin'
#    updated 'sr' -> 'sr_CS.ISO8859-5' to 'sr_RS.UTF-8'
#    updated 'sr@cyrillic' -> 'sr_CS.ISO8859-5' to 'sr_RS.UTF-8'
#    updated 'sr@latn' -> 'sr_CS.ISO8859-2' to 'sr_RS.UTF-8@latin'
#    updated 'sr_cs.utf8@latn' -> 'sr_CS.UTF-8' to 'sr_RS.UTF-8@latin'
#    updated 'sr_cs@latn' -> 'sr_CS.ISO8859-2' to 'sr_RS.UTF-8@latin'
#    updated 'sr_yu' -> 'sr_CS.ISO8859-5' to 'sr_RS.UTF-8@latin'
#    updated 'sr_yu.utf8@cyrillic' -> 'sr_CS.UTF-8' to 'sr_RS.UTF-8'
#    updated 'sr_yu@cyrillic' -> 'sr_CS.ISO8859-5' to 'sr_RS.UTF-8'
#
# SS 2013-12-20:
# Updated alias mapping to most recent locale.alias file
# from X.org distribution using makelocalealias.py.
#
# These are the differences compared to the old mapping (Python 3.3.3
# and older):
#
#    updated 'a3' -> 'a3_AZ.KOI8-C' to 'az_AZ.KOI8-C'
#    updated 'a3_az' -> 'a3_AZ.KOI8-C' to 'az_AZ.KOI8-C'
#    updated 'a3_az.koi8c' -> 'a3_AZ.KOI8-C' to 'az_AZ.KOI8-C'
#    updated 'cs_cs.iso88592' -> 'cs_CS.ISO8859-2' to 'cs_CZ.ISO8859-2'
#    updated 'hebrew' -> 'iw_IL.ISO8859-8' to 'he_IL.ISO8859-8'
#    updated 'hebrew.iso88598' -> 'iw_IL.ISO8859-8' to 'he_IL.ISO8859-8'
#    updated 'sd' -> '[email protected]' to 'sd_IN.UTF-8'
#    updated 'sr@latn' -> 'sr_RS.UTF-8@latin' to 'sr_CS.UTF-8@latin'
#    updated 'sr_cs' -> 'sr_RS.UTF-8' to 'sr_CS.UTF-8'
#    updated 'sr_cs.utf8@latn' -> 'sr_RS.UTF-8@latin' to 'sr_CS.UTF-8@latin'
#    updated 'sr_cs@latn' -> 'sr_RS.UTF-8@latin' to 'sr_CS.UTF-8@latin'
#
# SS 2014-10-01:
# Updated alias mapping with glibc 2.19 supported locales.
#
# SS 2018-05-05:
# Updated alias mapping with glibc 2.27 supported locales.
#
# These are the differences compared to the old mapping (Python 3.6.5
# and older):
#
#    updated 'ca_es@valencia' -> 'ca_ES.ISO8859-15@valencia' to 'ca_ES.UTF-8@valencia'
#    updated 'kk_kz' -> 'kk_KZ.RK1048' to 'kk_KZ.ptcp154'
#    updated 'russian' -> 'ru_RU.ISO8859-5' to 'ru_RU.KOI8-R'

locale_alias = {
    'a3':                                   'az_AZ.KOI8-C',
    'a3_az':                                'az_AZ.KOI8-C',
    'a3_az.koic':                           'az_AZ.KOI8-C',
    'aa_dj':                                'aa_DJ.ISO8859-1',
    'aa_er':                                'aa_ER.UTF-8',
    'aa_et':                                'aa_ET.UTF-8',
    'af':                                   'af_ZA.ISO8859-1',
    'af_za':                                'af_ZA.ISO8859-1',
    'agr_pe':                               'agr_PE.UTF-8',
    'ak_gh':                                'ak_GH.UTF-8',
    'am':                                   'am_ET.UTF-8',
    'am_et':                                'am_ET.UTF-8',
    'american':                             'en_US.ISO8859-1',
    'an_es':                                'an_ES.ISO8859-15',
    'anp_in':                               'anp_IN.UTF-8',
    'ar':                                   'ar_AA.ISO8859-6',
    'ar_aa':                                'ar_AA.ISO8859-6',
    'ar_ae':                                'ar_AE.ISO8859-6',
    'ar_bh':                                'ar_BH.ISO8859-6',
    'ar_dz':                                'ar_DZ.ISO8859-6',
    'ar_eg':                                'ar_EG.ISO8859-6',
    'ar_in':                                'ar_IN.UTF-8',
    'ar_iq':                                'ar_IQ.ISO8859-6',
    'ar_jo':                                'ar_JO.ISO8859-6',
    'ar_kw':                                'ar_KW.ISO8859-6',
    'ar_lb':                                'ar_LB.ISO8859-6',
    'ar_ly':                                'ar_LY.ISO8859-6',
    'ar_ma':                                'ar_MA.ISO8859-6',
    'ar_om':                                'ar_OM.ISO8859-6',
    'ar_qa':                                'ar_QA.ISO8859-6',
    'ar_sa':                                'ar_SA.ISO8859-6',
    'ar_sd':                                'ar_SD.ISO8859-6',
    'ar_ss':                                'ar_SS.UTF-8',
    'ar_sy':                                'ar_SY.ISO8859-6',
    'ar_tn':                                'ar_TN.ISO8859-6',
    'ar_ye':                                'ar_YE.ISO8859-6',
    'arabic':                               'ar_AA.ISO8859-6',
    'as':                                   'as_IN.UTF-8',
    'as_in':                                'as_IN.UTF-8',
    'ast_es':                               'ast_ES.ISO8859-15',
    'ayc_pe':                               'ayc_PE.UTF-8',
    'az':                                   'az_AZ.ISO8859-9E',
    'az_az':                                'az_AZ.ISO8859-9E',
    'az_az.iso88599e':                      'az_AZ.ISO8859-9E',
    'az_ir':                                'az_IR.UTF-8',
    'be':                                   'be_BY.CP1251',
    'be@latin':                             'be_BY.UTF-8@latin',
    'be_bg.utf8':                           'bg_BG.UTF-8',
    'be_by':                                'be_BY.CP1251',
    'be_by@latin':                          'be_BY.UTF-8@latin',
    'bem_zm':                               'bem_ZM.UTF-8',
    'ber_dz':                               'ber_DZ.UTF-8',
    'ber_ma':                               'ber_MA.UTF-8',
    'bg':                                   'bg_BG.CP1251',
    'bg_bg':                                'bg_BG.CP1251',
    'bhb_in.utf8':                          'bhb_IN.UTF-8',
    'bho_in':                               'bho_IN.UTF-8',
    'bho_np':                               'bho_NP.UTF-8',
    'bi_vu':                                'bi_VU.UTF-8',
    'bn_bd':                                'bn_BD.UTF-8',
    'bn_in':                                'bn_IN.UTF-8',
    'bo_cn':                                'bo_CN.UTF-8',
    'bo_in':                                'bo_IN.UTF-8',
    'bokmal':                               'nb_NO.ISO8859-1',
    'bokm\xe5l':                            'nb_NO.ISO8859-1',
    'br':                                   'br_FR.ISO8859-1',
    'br_fr':                                'br_FR.ISO8859-1',
    'brx_in':                               'brx_IN.UTF-8',
    'bs':                                   'bs_BA.ISO8859-2',
    'bs_ba':                                'bs_BA.ISO8859-2',
    'bulgarian':                            'bg_BG.CP1251',
    'byn_er':                               'byn_ER.UTF-8',
    'c':                                    'C',
    'c-french':                             'fr_CA.ISO8859-1',
    'c.ascii':                              'C',
    'c.en':                                 'C',
    'c.iso88591':                           'en_US.ISO8859-1',
    'c.utf8':                               'en_US.UTF-8',
    'c_c':                                  'C',
    'c_c.c':                                'C',
    'ca':                                   'ca_ES.ISO8859-1',
    'ca_ad':                                'ca_AD.ISO8859-1',
    'ca_es':                                'ca_ES.ISO8859-1',
    'ca_es@valencia':                       'ca_ES.UTF-8@valencia',
    'ca_fr':                                'ca_FR.ISO8859-1',
    'ca_it':                                'ca_IT.ISO8859-1',
    'catalan':                              'ca_ES.ISO8859-1',
    'ce_ru':                                'ce_RU.UTF-8',
    'cextend':                              'en_US.ISO8859-1',
    'chinese-s':                            'zh_CN.eucCN',
    'chinese-t':                            'zh_TW.eucTW',
    'chr_us':                               'chr_US.UTF-8',
    'ckb_iq':                               'ckb_IQ.UTF-8',
    'cmn_tw':                               'cmn_TW.UTF-8',
    'crh_ua':                               'crh_UA.UTF-8',
    'croatian':                             'hr_HR.ISO8859-2',
    'cs':                                   'cs_CZ.ISO8859-2',
    'cs_cs':                                'cs_CZ.ISO8859-2',
    'cs_cz':                                'cs_CZ.ISO8859-2',
    'csb_pl':                               'csb_PL.UTF-8',
    'cv_ru':                                'cv_RU.UTF-8',
    'cy':                                   'cy_GB.ISO8859-1',
    'cy_gb':                                'cy_GB.ISO8859-1',
    'cz':                                   'cs_CZ.ISO8859-2',
    'cz_cz':                                'cs_CZ.ISO8859-2',
    'czech':                                'cs_CZ.ISO8859-2',
    'da':                                   'da_DK.ISO8859-1',
    'da_dk':                                'da_DK.ISO8859-1',
    'danish':                               'da_DK.ISO8859-1',
    'dansk':                                'da_DK.ISO8859-1',
    'de':                                   'de_DE.ISO8859-1',
    'de_at':                                'de_AT.ISO8859-1',
    'de_be':                                'de_BE.ISO8859-1',
    'de_ch':                                'de_CH.ISO8859-1',
    'de_de':                                'de_DE.ISO8859-1',
    'de_it':                                'de_IT.ISO8859-1',
    'de_li.utf8':                           'de_LI.UTF-8',
    'de_lu':                                'de_LU.ISO8859-1',
    'deutsch':                              'de_DE.ISO8859-1',
    'doi_in':                               'doi_IN.UTF-8',
    'dutch':                                'nl_NL.ISO8859-1',
    'dutch.iso88591':                       'nl_BE.ISO8859-1',
    'dv_mv':                                'dv_MV.UTF-8',
    'dz_bt':                                'dz_BT.UTF-8',
    'ee':                                   'ee_EE.ISO8859-4',
    'ee_ee':                                'ee_EE.ISO8859-4',
    'eesti':                                'et_EE.ISO8859-1',
    'el':                                   'el_GR.ISO8859-7',
    'el_cy':                                'el_CY.ISO8859-7',
    'el_gr':                                'el_GR.ISO8859-7',
    'el_gr@euro':                           'el_GR.ISO8859-15',
    'en':                                   'en_US.ISO8859-1',
    'en_ag':                                'en_AG.UTF-8',
    'en_au':                                'en_AU.ISO8859-1',
    'en_be':                                'en_BE.ISO8859-1',
    'en_bw':                                'en_BW.ISO8859-1',
    'en_ca':                                'en_CA.ISO8859-1',
    'en_dk':                                'en_DK.ISO8859-1',
    'en_dl.utf8':                           'en_DL.UTF-8',
    'en_gb':                                'en_GB.ISO8859-1',
    'en_hk':                                'en_HK.ISO8859-1',
    'en_ie':                                'en_IE.ISO8859-1',
    'en_il':                                'en_IL.UTF-8',
    'en_in':                                'en_IN.ISO8859-1',
    'en_ng':                                'en_NG.UTF-8',
    'en_nz':                                'en_NZ.ISO8859-1',
    'en_ph':                                'en_PH.ISO8859-1',
    'en_sc.utf8':                           'en_SC.UTF-8',
    'en_sg':                                'en_SG.ISO8859-1',
    'en_uk':                                'en_GB.ISO8859-1',
    'en_us':                                'en_US.ISO8859-1',
    'en_us@euro@euro':                      'en_US.ISO8859-15',
    'en_za':                                'en_ZA.ISO8859-1',
    'en_zm':                                'en_ZM.UTF-8',
    'en_zw':                                'en_ZW.ISO8859-1',
    'en_zw.utf8':                           'en_ZS.UTF-8',
    'eng_gb':                               'en_GB.ISO8859-1',
    'english':                              'en_EN.ISO8859-1',
    'english.iso88591':                     'en_US.ISO8859-1',
    'english_uk':                           'en_GB.ISO8859-1',
    'english_united-states':                'en_US.ISO8859-1',
    'english_united-states.437':            'C',
    'english_us':                           'en_US.ISO8859-1',
    'eo':                                   'eo_XX.ISO8859-3',
    'eo.utf8':                              'eo.UTF-8',
    'eo_eo':                                'eo_EO.ISO8859-3',
    'eo_us.utf8':                           'eo_US.UTF-8',
    'eo_xx':                                'eo_XX.ISO8859-3',
    'es':                                   'es_ES.ISO8859-1',
    'es_ar':                                'es_AR.ISO8859-1',
    'es_bo':                                'es_BO.ISO8859-1',
    'es_cl':                                'es_CL.ISO8859-1',
    'es_co':                                'es_CO.ISO8859-1',
    'es_cr':                                'es_CR.ISO8859-1',
    'es_cu':                                'es_CU.UTF-8',
    'es_do':                                'es_DO.ISO8859-1',
    'es_ec':                                'es_EC.ISO8859-1',
    'es_es':                                'es_ES.ISO8859-1',
    'es_gt':                                'es_GT.ISO8859-1',
    'es_hn':                                'es_HN.ISO8859-1',
    'es_mx':                                'es_MX.ISO8859-1',
    'es_ni':                                'es_NI.ISO8859-1',
    'es_pa':                                'es_PA.ISO8859-1',
    'es_pe':                                'es_PE.ISO8859-1',
    'es_pr':                                'es_PR.ISO8859-1',
    'es_py':                                'es_PY.ISO8859-1',
    'es_sv':                                'es_SV.ISO8859-1',
    'es_us':                                'es_US.ISO8859-1',
    'es_uy':                                'es_UY.ISO8859-1',
    'es_ve':                                'es_VE.ISO8859-1',
    'estonian':                             'et_EE.ISO8859-1',
    'et':                                   'et_EE.ISO8859-15',
    'et_ee':                                'et_EE.ISO8859-15',
    'eu':                                   'eu_ES.ISO8859-1',
    'eu_es':                                'eu_ES.ISO8859-1',
    'eu_fr':                                'eu_FR.ISO8859-1',
    'fa':                                   'fa_IR.UTF-8',
    'fa_ir':                                'fa_IR.UTF-8',
    'fa_ir.isiri3342':                      'fa_IR.ISIRI-3342',
    'ff_sn':                                'ff_SN.UTF-8',
    'fi':                                   'fi_FI.ISO8859-15',
    'fi_fi':                                'fi_FI.ISO8859-15',
    'fil_ph':                               'fil_PH.UTF-8',
    'finnish':                              'fi_FI.ISO8859-1',
    'fo':                                   'fo_FO.ISO8859-1',
    'fo_fo':                                'fo_FO.ISO8859-1',
    'fr':                                   'fr_FR.ISO8859-1',
    'fr_be':                                'fr_BE.ISO8859-1',
    'fr_ca':                                'fr_CA.ISO8859-1',
    'fr_ch':                                'fr_CH.ISO8859-1',
    'fr_fr':                                'fr_FR.ISO8859-1',
    'fr_lu':                                'fr_LU.ISO8859-1',
    'fran\xe7ais':                          'fr_FR.ISO8859-1',
    'fre_fr':                               'fr_FR.ISO8859-1',
    'french':                               'fr_FR.ISO8859-1',
    'french.iso88591':                      'fr_CH.ISO8859-1',
    'french_france':                        'fr_FR.ISO8859-1',
    'fur_it':                               'fur_IT.UTF-8',
    'fy_de':                                'fy_DE.UTF-8',
    'fy_nl':                                'fy_NL.UTF-8',
    'ga':                                   'ga_IE.ISO8859-1',
    'ga_ie':                                'ga_IE.ISO8859-1',
    'galego':                               'gl_ES.ISO8859-1',
    'galician':                             'gl_ES.ISO8859-1',
    'gd':                                   'gd_GB.ISO8859-1',
    'gd_gb':                                'gd_GB.ISO8859-1',
    'ger_de':                               'de_DE.ISO8859-1',
    'german':                               'de_DE.ISO8859-1',
    'german.iso88591':                      'de_CH.ISO8859-1',
    'german_germany':                       'de_DE.ISO8859-1',
    'gez_er':                               'gez_ER.UTF-8',
    'gez_et':                               'gez_ET.UTF-8',
    'gl':                                   'gl_ES.ISO8859-1',
    'gl_es':                                'gl_ES.ISO8859-1',
    'greek':                                'el_GR.ISO8859-7',
    'gu_in':                                'gu_IN.UTF-8',
    'gv':                                   'gv_GB.ISO8859-1',
    'gv_gb':                                'gv_GB.ISO8859-1',
    'ha_ng':                                'ha_NG.UTF-8',
    'hak_tw':                               'hak_TW.UTF-8',
    'he':                                   'he_IL.ISO8859-8',
    'he_il':                                'he_IL.ISO8859-8',
    'hebrew':                               'he_IL.ISO8859-8',
    'hi':                                   'hi_IN.ISCII-DEV',
    'hi_in':                                'hi_IN.ISCII-DEV',
    'hi_in.isciidev':                       'hi_IN.ISCII-DEV',
    'hif_fj':                               'hif_FJ.UTF-8',
    'hne':                                  'hne_IN.UTF-8',
    'hne_in':                               'hne_IN.UTF-8',
    'hr':                                   'hr_HR.ISO8859-2',
    'hr_hr':                                'hr_HR.ISO8859-2',
    'hrvatski':                             'hr_HR.ISO8859-2',
    'hsb_de':                               'hsb_DE.ISO8859-2',
    'ht_ht':                                'ht_HT.UTF-8',
    'hu':                                   'hu_HU.ISO8859-2',
    'hu_hu':                                'hu_HU.ISO8859-2',
    'hungarian':                            'hu_HU.ISO8859-2',
    'hy_am':                                'hy_AM.UTF-8',
    'hy_am.armscii8':                       'hy_AM.ARMSCII_8',
    'ia':                                   'ia.UTF-8',
    'ia_fr':                                'ia_FR.UTF-8',
    'icelandic':                            'is_IS.ISO8859-1',
    'id':                                   'id_ID.ISO8859-1',
    'id_id':                                'id_ID.ISO8859-1',
    'ig_ng':                                'ig_NG.UTF-8',
    'ik_ca':                                'ik_CA.UTF-8',
    'in':                                   'id_ID.ISO8859-1',
    'in_id':                                'id_ID.ISO8859-1',
    'is':                                   'is_IS.ISO8859-1',
    'is_is':                                'is_IS.ISO8859-1',
    'iso-8859-1':                           'en_US.ISO8859-1',
    'iso-8859-15':                          'en_US.ISO8859-15',
    'iso8859-1':                            'en_US.ISO8859-1',
    'iso8859-15':                           'en_US.ISO8859-15',
    'iso_8859_1':                           'en_US.ISO8859-1',
    'iso_8859_15':                          'en_US.ISO8859-15',
    'it':                                   'it_IT.ISO8859-1',
    'it_ch':                                'it_CH.ISO8859-1',
    'it_it':                                'it_IT.ISO8859-1',
    'italian':                              'it_IT.ISO8859-1',
    'iu':                                   'iu_CA.NUNACOM-8',
    'iu_ca':                                'iu_CA.NUNACOM-8',
    'iu_ca.nunacom8':                       'iu_CA.NUNACOM-8',
    'iw':                                   'he_IL.ISO8859-8',
    'iw_il':                                'he_IL.ISO8859-8',
    'iw_il.utf8':                           'iw_IL.UTF-8',
    'ja':                                   'ja_JP.eucJP',
    'ja_jp':                                'ja_JP.eucJP',
    'ja_jp.euc':                            'ja_JP.eucJP',
    'ja_jp.mscode':                         'ja_JP.SJIS',
    'ja_jp.pck':                            'ja_JP.SJIS',
    'japan':                                'ja_JP.eucJP',
    'japanese':                             'ja_JP.eucJP',
    'japanese-euc':                         'ja_JP.eucJP',
    'japanese.euc':                         'ja_JP.eucJP',
    'jp_jp':                                'ja_JP.eucJP',
    'ka':                                   'ka_GE.GEORGIAN-ACADEMY',
    'ka_ge':                                'ka_GE.GEORGIAN-ACADEMY',
    'ka_ge.georgianacademy':                'ka_GE.GEORGIAN-ACADEMY',
    'ka_ge.georgianps':                     'ka_GE.GEORGIAN-PS',
    'ka_ge.georgianrs':                     'ka_GE.GEORGIAN-ACADEMY',
    'kab_dz':                               'kab_DZ.UTF-8',
    'kk_kz':                                'kk_KZ.ptcp154',
    'kl':                                   'kl_GL.ISO8859-1',
    'kl_gl':                                'kl_GL.ISO8859-1',
    'km_kh':                                'km_KH.UTF-8',
    'kn':                                   'kn_IN.UTF-8',
    'kn_in':                                'kn_IN.UTF-8',
    'ko':                                   'ko_KR.eucKR',
    'ko_kr':                                'ko_KR.eucKR',
    'ko_kr.euc':                            'ko_KR.eucKR',
    'kok_in':                               'kok_IN.UTF-8',
    'korean':                               'ko_KR.eucKR',
    'korean.euc':                           'ko_KR.eucKR',
    'ks':                                   'ks_IN.UTF-8',
    'ks_in':                                'ks_IN.UTF-8',
    '[email protected]':                'ks_IN.UTF-8@devanagari',
    'ku_tr':                                'ku_TR.ISO8859-9',
    'kw':                                   'kw_GB.ISO8859-1',
    'kw_gb':                                'kw_GB.ISO8859-1',
    'ky':                                   'ky_KG.UTF-8',
    'ky_kg':                                'ky_KG.UTF-8',
    'lb_lu':                                'lb_LU.UTF-8',
    'lg_ug':                                'lg_UG.ISO8859-10',
    'li_be':                                'li_BE.UTF-8',
    'li_nl':                                'li_NL.UTF-8',
    'lij_it':                               'lij_IT.UTF-8',
    'lithuanian':                           'lt_LT.ISO8859-13',
    'ln_cd':                                'ln_CD.UTF-8',
    'lo':                                   'lo_LA.MULELAO-1',
    'lo_la':                                'lo_LA.MULELAO-1',
    'lo_la.cp1133':                         'lo_LA.IBM-CP1133',
    'lo_la.ibmcp1133':                      'lo_LA.IBM-CP1133',
    'lo_la.mulelao1':                       'lo_LA.MULELAO-1',
    'lt':                                   'lt_LT.ISO8859-13',
    'lt_lt':                                'lt_LT.ISO8859-13',
    'lv':                                   'lv_LV.ISO8859-13',
    'lv_lv':                                'lv_LV.ISO8859-13',
    'lzh_tw':                               'lzh_TW.UTF-8',
    'mag_in':                               'mag_IN.UTF-8',
    'mai':                                  'mai_IN.UTF-8',
    'mai_in':                               'mai_IN.UTF-8',
    'mai_np':                               'mai_NP.UTF-8',
    'mfe_mu':                               'mfe_MU.UTF-8',
    'mg_mg':                                'mg_MG.ISO8859-15',
    'mhr_ru':                               'mhr_RU.UTF-8',
    'mi':                                   'mi_NZ.ISO8859-1',
    'mi_nz':                                'mi_NZ.ISO8859-1',
    'miq_ni':                               'miq_NI.UTF-8',
    'mjw_in':                               'mjw_IN.UTF-8',
    'mk':                                   'mk_MK.ISO8859-5',
    'mk_mk':                                'mk_MK.ISO8859-5',
    'ml':                                   'ml_IN.UTF-8',
    'ml_in':                                'ml_IN.UTF-8',
    'mn_mn':                                'mn_MN.UTF-8',
    'mni_in':                               'mni_IN.UTF-8',
    'mr':                                   'mr_IN.UTF-8',
    'mr_in':                                'mr_IN.UTF-8',
    'ms':                                   'ms_MY.ISO8859-1',
    'ms_my':                                'ms_MY.ISO8859-1',
    'mt':                                   'mt_MT.ISO8859-3',
    'mt_mt':                                'mt_MT.ISO8859-3',
    'my_mm':                                'my_MM.UTF-8',
    'nan_tw':                               'nan_TW.UTF-8',
    'nb':                                   'nb_NO.ISO8859-1',
    'nb_no':                                'nb_NO.ISO8859-1',
    'nds_de':                               'nds_DE.UTF-8',
    'nds_nl':                               'nds_NL.UTF-8',
    'ne_np':                                'ne_NP.UTF-8',
    'nhn_mx':                               'nhn_MX.UTF-8',
    'niu_nu':                               'niu_NU.UTF-8',
    'niu_nz':                               'niu_NZ.UTF-8',
    'nl':                                   'nl_NL.ISO8859-1',
    'nl_aw':                                'nl_AW.UTF-8',
    'nl_be':                                'nl_BE.ISO8859-1',
    'nl_nl':                                'nl_NL.ISO8859-1',
    'nn':                                   'nn_NO.ISO8859-1',
    'nn_no':                                'nn_NO.ISO8859-1',
    'no':                                   'no_NO.ISO8859-1',
    'no@nynorsk':                           'ny_NO.ISO8859-1',
    'no_no':                                'no_NO.ISO8859-1',
    'no_no.iso88591@bokmal':                'no_NO.ISO8859-1',
    'no_no.iso88591@nynorsk':               'no_NO.ISO8859-1',
    'norwegian':                            'no_NO.ISO8859-1',
    'nr':                                   'nr_ZA.ISO8859-1',
    'nr_za':                                'nr_ZA.ISO8859-1',
    'nso':                                  'nso_ZA.ISO8859-15',
    'nso_za':                               'nso_ZA.ISO8859-15',
    'ny':                                   'ny_NO.ISO8859-1',
    'ny_no':                                'ny_NO.ISO8859-1',
    'nynorsk':                              'nn_NO.ISO8859-1',
    'oc':                                   'oc_FR.ISO8859-1',
    'oc_fr':                                'oc_FR.ISO8859-1',
    'om_et':                                'om_ET.UTF-8',
    'om_ke':                                'om_KE.ISO8859-1',
    'or':                                   'or_IN.UTF-8',
    'or_in':                                'or_IN.UTF-8',
    'os_ru':                                'os_RU.UTF-8',
    'pa':                                   'pa_IN.UTF-8',
    'pa_in':                                'pa_IN.UTF-8',
    'pa_pk':                                'pa_PK.UTF-8',
    'pap_an':                               'pap_AN.UTF-8',
    'pap_aw':                               'pap_AW.UTF-8',
    'pap_cw':                               'pap_CW.UTF-8',
    'pd':                                   'pd_US.ISO8859-1',
    'pd_de':                                'pd_DE.ISO8859-1',
    'pd_us':                                'pd_US.ISO8859-1',
    'ph':                                   'ph_PH.ISO8859-1',
    'ph_ph':                                'ph_PH.ISO8859-1',
    'pl':                                   'pl_PL.ISO8859-2',
    'pl_pl':                                'pl_PL.ISO8859-2',
    'polish':                               'pl_PL.ISO8859-2',
    'portuguese':                           'pt_PT.ISO8859-1',
    'portuguese_brazil':                    'pt_BR.ISO8859-1',
    'posix':                                'C',
    'posix-utf2':                           'C',
    'pp':                                   'pp_AN.ISO8859-1',
    'pp_an':                                'pp_AN.ISO8859-1',
    'ps_af':                                'ps_AF.UTF-8',
    'pt':                                   'pt_PT.ISO8859-1',
    'pt_br':                                'pt_BR.ISO8859-1',
    'pt_pt':                                'pt_PT.ISO8859-1',
    'quz_pe':                               'quz_PE.UTF-8',
    'raj_in':                               'raj_IN.UTF-8',
    'ro':                                   'ro_RO.ISO8859-2',
    'ro_ro':                                'ro_RO.ISO8859-2',
    'romanian':                             'ro_RO.ISO8859-2',
    'ru':                                   'ru_RU.UTF-8',
    'ru_ru':                                'ru_RU.UTF-8',
    'ru_ua':                                'ru_UA.KOI8-U',
    'rumanian':                             'ro_RO.ISO8859-2',
    'russian':                              'ru_RU.KOI8-R',
    'rw':                                   'rw_RW.ISO8859-1',
    'rw_rw':                                'rw_RW.ISO8859-1',
    'sa_in':                                'sa_IN.UTF-8',
    'sat_in':                               'sat_IN.UTF-8',
    'sc_it':                                'sc_IT.UTF-8',
    'sd':                                   'sd_IN.UTF-8',
    'sd_in':                                'sd_IN.UTF-8',
    '[email protected]':                'sd_IN.UTF-8@devanagari',
    'sd_pk':                                'sd_PK.UTF-8',
    'se_no':                                'se_NO.UTF-8',
    'serbocroatian':                        'sr_RS.UTF-8@latin',
    'sgs_lt':                               'sgs_LT.UTF-8',
    'sh':                                   'sr_RS.UTF-8@latin',
    'sh_ba.iso88592@bosnia':                'sr_CS.ISO8859-2',
    'sh_hr':                                'sh_HR.ISO8859-2',
    'sh_hr.iso88592':                       'hr_HR.ISO8859-2',
    'sh_sp':                                'sr_CS.ISO8859-2',
    'sh_yu':                                'sr_RS.UTF-8@latin',
    'shn_mm':                               'shn_MM.UTF-8',
    'shs_ca':                               'shs_CA.UTF-8',
    'si':                                   'si_LK.UTF-8',
    'si_lk':                                'si_LK.UTF-8',
    'sid_et':                               'sid_ET.UTF-8',
    'sinhala':                              'si_LK.UTF-8',
    'sk':                                   'sk_SK.ISO8859-2',
    'sk_sk':                                'sk_SK.ISO8859-2',
    'sl':                                   'sl_SI.ISO8859-2',
    'sl_cs':                                'sl_CS.ISO8859-2',
    'sl_si':                                'sl_SI.ISO8859-2',
    'slovak':                               'sk_SK.ISO8859-2',
    'slovene':                              'sl_SI.ISO8859-2',
    'slovenian':                            'sl_SI.ISO8859-2',
    'sm_ws':                                'sm_WS.UTF-8',
    'so_dj':                                'so_DJ.ISO8859-1',
    'so_et':                                'so_ET.UTF-8',
    'so_ke':                                'so_KE.ISO8859-1',
    'so_so':                                'so_SO.ISO8859-1',
    'sp':                                   'sr_CS.ISO8859-5',
    'sp_yu':                                'sr_CS.ISO8859-5',
    'spanish':                              'es_ES.ISO8859-1',
    'spanish_spain':                        'es_ES.ISO8859-1',
    'sq':                                   'sq_AL.ISO8859-2',
    'sq_al':                                'sq_AL.ISO8859-2',
    'sq_mk':                                'sq_MK.UTF-8',
    'sr':                                   'sr_RS.UTF-8',
    'sr@cyrillic':                          'sr_RS.UTF-8',
    'sr@latn':                              'sr_CS.UTF-8@latin',
    'sr_cs':                                'sr_CS.UTF-8',
    'sr_cs.iso88592@latn':                  'sr_CS.ISO8859-2',
    'sr_cs@latn':                           'sr_CS.UTF-8@latin',
    'sr_me':                                'sr_ME.UTF-8',
    'sr_rs':                                'sr_RS.UTF-8',
    'sr_rs@latn':                           'sr_RS.UTF-8@latin',
    'sr_sp':                                'sr_CS.ISO8859-2',
    'sr_yu':                                'sr_RS.UTF-8@latin',
    'sr_yu.cp1251@cyrillic':                'sr_CS.CP1251',
    'sr_yu.iso88592':                       'sr_CS.ISO8859-2',
    'sr_yu.iso88595':                       'sr_CS.ISO8859-5',
    'sr_yu.iso88595@cyrillic':              'sr_CS.ISO8859-5',
    'sr_yu.microsoftcp1251@cyrillic':       'sr_CS.CP1251',
    'sr_yu.utf8':                           'sr_RS.UTF-8',
    'sr_yu.utf8@cyrillic':                  'sr_RS.UTF-8',
    'sr_yu@cyrillic':                       'sr_RS.UTF-8',
    'ss':                                   'ss_ZA.ISO8859-1',
    'ss_za':                                'ss_ZA.ISO8859-1',
    'st':                                   'st_ZA.ISO8859-1',
    'st_za':                                'st_ZA.ISO8859-1',
    'sv':                                   'sv_SE.ISO8859-1',
    'sv_fi':                                'sv_FI.ISO8859-1',
    'sv_se':                                'sv_SE.ISO8859-1',
    'sw_ke':                                'sw_KE.UTF-8',
    'sw_tz':                                'sw_TZ.UTF-8',
    'swedish':                              'sv_SE.ISO8859-1',
    'szl_pl':                               'szl_PL.UTF-8',
    'ta':                                   'ta_IN.TSCII-0',
    'ta_in':                                'ta_IN.TSCII-0',
    'ta_in.tscii':                          'ta_IN.TSCII-0',
    'ta_in.tscii0':                         'ta_IN.TSCII-0',
    'ta_lk':                                'ta_LK.UTF-8',
    'tcy_in.utf8':                          'tcy_IN.UTF-8',
    'te':                                   'te_IN.UTF-8',
    'te_in':                                'te_IN.UTF-8',
    'tg':                                   'tg_TJ.KOI8-C',
    'tg_tj':                                'tg_TJ.KOI8-C',
    'th':                                   'th_TH.ISO8859-11',
    'th_th':                                'th_TH.ISO8859-11',
    'th_th.tactis':                         'th_TH.TIS620',
    'th_th.tis620':                         'th_TH.TIS620',
    'thai':                                 'th_TH.ISO8859-11',
    'the_np':                               'the_NP.UTF-8',
    'ti_er':                                'ti_ER.UTF-8',
    'ti_et':                                'ti_ET.UTF-8',
    'tig_er':                               'tig_ER.UTF-8',
    'tk_tm':                                'tk_TM.UTF-8',
    'tl':                                   'tl_PH.ISO8859-1',
    'tl_ph':                                'tl_PH.ISO8859-1',
    'tn':                                   'tn_ZA.ISO8859-15',
    'tn_za':                                'tn_ZA.ISO8859-15',
    'to_to':                                'to_TO.UTF-8',
    'tpi_pg':                               'tpi_PG.UTF-8',
    'tr':                                   'tr_TR.ISO8859-9',
    'tr_cy':                                'tr_CY.ISO8859-9',
    'tr_tr':                                'tr_TR.ISO8859-9',
    'ts':                                   'ts_ZA.ISO8859-1',
    'ts_za':                                'ts_ZA.ISO8859-1',
    'tt':                                   'tt_RU.TATAR-CYR',
    'tt_ru':                                'tt_RU.TATAR-CYR',
    'tt_ru.tatarcyr':                       'tt_RU.TATAR-CYR',
    'tt_ru@iqtelif':                        'tt_RU.UTF-8@iqtelif',
    'turkish':                              'tr_TR.ISO8859-9',
    'ug_cn':                                'ug_CN.UTF-8',
    'uk':                                   'uk_UA.KOI8-U',
    'uk_ua':                                'uk_UA.KOI8-U',
    'univ':                                 'en_US.utf',
    'universal':                            'en_US.utf',
    'universal.utf8@ucs4':                  'en_US.UTF-8',
    'unm_us':                               'unm_US.UTF-8',
    'ur':                                   'ur_PK.CP1256',
    'ur_in':                                'ur_IN.UTF-8',
    'ur_pk':                                'ur_PK.CP1256',
    'uz':                                   'uz_UZ.UTF-8',
    'uz_uz':                                'uz_UZ.UTF-8',
    'uz_uz@cyrillic':                       'uz_UZ.UTF-8',
    've':                                   've_ZA.UTF-8',
    've_za':                                've_ZA.UTF-8',
    'vi':                                   'vi_VN.TCVN',
    'vi_vn':                                'vi_VN.TCVN',
    'vi_vn.tcvn':                           'vi_VN.TCVN',
    'vi_vn.tcvn5712':                       'vi_VN.TCVN',
    'vi_vn.viscii':                         'vi_VN.VISCII',
    'vi_vn.viscii111':                      'vi_VN.VISCII',
    'wa':                                   'wa_BE.ISO8859-1',
    'wa_be':                                'wa_BE.ISO8859-1',
    'wae_ch':                               'wae_CH.UTF-8',
    'wal_et':                               'wal_ET.UTF-8',
    'wo_sn':                                'wo_SN.UTF-8',
    'xh':                                   'xh_ZA.ISO8859-1',
    'xh_za':                                'xh_ZA.ISO8859-1',
    'yi':                                   'yi_US.CP1255',
    'yi_us':                                'yi_US.CP1255',
    'yo_ng':                                'yo_NG.UTF-8',
    'yue_hk':                               'yue_HK.UTF-8',
    'yuw_pg':                               'yuw_PG.UTF-8',
    'zh':                                   'zh_CN.eucCN',
    'zh_cn':                                'zh_CN.gb2312',
    'zh_cn.big5':                           'zh_TW.big5',
    'zh_cn.euc':                            'zh_CN.eucCN',
    'zh_hk':                                'zh_HK.big5hkscs',
    'zh_hk.big5hk':                         'zh_HK.big5hkscs',
    'zh_sg':                                'zh_SG.GB2312',
    'zh_sg.gbk':                            'zh_SG.GBK',
    'zh_tw':                                'zh_TW.big5',
    'zh_tw.euc':                            'zh_TW.eucTW',
    'zh_tw.euctw':                          'zh_TW.eucTW',
    'zu':                                   'zu_ZA.ISO8859-1',
    'zu_za':                                'zu_ZA.ISO8859-1',
}

#
# This maps Windows language identifiers to locale strings.
#
# This list has been updated from
# http://msdn.microsoft.com/library/default.asp?url=/library/en-us/intl/nls_238z.asp
# to include every locale up to Windows Vista.
#
# NOTE: this mapping is incomplete.  If your language is missing, please
# submit a bug report to the Python bug tracker at http://bugs.python.org/
# Make sure you include the missing language identifier and the suggested
# locale code.
#

windows_locale = {
    0x0436: "af_ZA", # Afrikaans
    0x041c: "sq_AL", # Albanian
    0x0484: "gsw_FR",# Alsatian - France
    0x045e: "am_ET", # Amharic - Ethiopia
    0x0401: "ar_SA", # Arabic - Saudi Arabia
    0x0801: "ar_IQ", # Arabic - Iraq
    0x0c01: "ar_EG", # Arabic - Egypt
    0x1001: "ar_LY", # Arabic - Libya
    0x1401: "ar_DZ", # Arabic - Algeria
    0x1801: "ar_MA", # Arabic - Morocco
    0x1c01: "ar_TN", # Arabic - Tunisia
    0x2001: "ar_OM", # Arabic - Oman
    0x2401: "ar_YE", # Arabic - Yemen
    0x2801: "ar_SY", # Arabic - Syria
    0x2c01: "ar_JO", # Arabic - Jordan
    0x3001: "ar_LB", # Arabic - Lebanon
    0x3401: "ar_KW", # Arabic - Kuwait
    0x3801: "ar_AE", # Arabic - United Arab Emirates
    0x3c01: "ar_BH", # Arabic - Bahrain
    0x4001: "ar_QA", # Arabic - Qatar
    0x042b: "hy_AM", # Armenian
    0x044d: "as_IN", # Assamese - India
    0x042c: "az_AZ", # Azeri - Latin
    0x082c: "az_AZ", # Azeri - Cyrillic
    0x046d: "ba_RU", # Bashkir
    0x042d: "eu_ES", # Basque - Russia
    0x0423: "be_BY", # Belarusian
    0x0445: "bn_IN", # Begali
    0x201a: "bs_BA", # Bosnian - Cyrillic
    0x141a: "bs_BA", # Bosnian - Latin
    0x047e: "br_FR", # Breton - France
    0x0402: "bg_BG", # Bulgarian
#    0x0455: "my_MM", # Burmese - Not supported
    0x0403: "ca_ES", # Catalan
    0x0004: "zh_CHS",# Chinese - Simplified
    0x0404: "zh_TW", # Chinese - Taiwan
    0x0804: "zh_CN", # Chinese - PRC
    0x0c04: "zh_HK", # Chinese - Hong Kong S.A.R.
    0x1004: "zh_SG", # Chinese - Singapore
    0x1404: "zh_MO", # Chinese - Macao S.A.R.
    0x7c04: "zh_CHT",# Chinese - Traditional
    0x0483: "co_FR", # Corsican - France
    0x041a: "hr_HR", # Croatian
    0x101a: "hr_BA", # Croatian - Bosnia
    0x0405: "cs_CZ", # Czech
    0x0406: "da_DK", # Danish
    0x048c: "gbz_AF",# Dari - Afghanistan
    0x0465: "div_MV",# Divehi - Maldives
    0x0413: "nl_NL", # Dutch - The Netherlands
    0x0813: "nl_BE", # Dutch - Belgium
    0x0409: "en_US", # English - United States
    0x0809: "en_GB", # English - United Kingdom
    0x0c09: "en_AU", # English - Australia
    0x1009: "en_CA", # English - Canada
    0x1409: "en_NZ", # English - New Zealand
    0x1809: "en_IE", # English - Ireland
    0x1c09: "en_ZA", # English - South Africa
    0x2009: "en_JA", # English - Jamaica
    0x2409: "en_CB", # English - Caribbean
    0x2809: "en_BZ", # English - Belize
    0x2c09: "en_TT", # English - Trinidad
    0x3009: "en_ZW", # English - Zimbabwe
    0x3409: "en_PH", # English - Philippines
    0x4009: "en_IN", # English - India
    0x4409: "en_MY", # English - Malaysia
    0x4809: "en_IN", # English - Singapore
    0x0425: "et_EE", # Estonian
    0x0438: "fo_FO", # Faroese
    0x0464: "fil_PH",# Filipino
    0x040b: "fi_FI", # Finnish
    0x040c: "fr_FR", # French - France
    0x080c: "fr_BE", # French - Belgium
    0x0c0c: "fr_CA", # French - Canada
    0x100c: "fr_CH", # French - Switzerland
    0x140c: "fr_LU", # French - Luxembourg
    0x180c: "fr_MC", # French - Monaco
    0x0462: "fy_NL", # Frisian - Netherlands
    0x0456: "gl_ES", # Galician
    0x0437: "ka_GE", # Georgian
    0x0407: "de_DE", # German - Germany
    0x0807: "de_CH", # German - Switzerland
    0x0c07: "de_AT", # German - Austria
    0x1007: "de_LU", # German - Luxembourg
    0x1407: "de_LI", # German - Liechtenstein
    0x0408: "el_GR", # Greek
    0x046f: "kl_GL", # Greenlandic - Greenland
    0x0447: "gu_IN", # Gujarati
    0x0468: "ha_NG", # Hausa - Latin
    0x040d: "he_IL", # Hebrew
    0x0439: "hi_IN", # Hindi
    0x040e: "hu_HU", # Hungarian
    0x040f: "is_IS", # Icelandic
    0x0421: "id_ID", # Indonesian
    0x045d: "iu_CA", # Inuktitut - Syllabics
    0x085d: "iu_CA", # Inuktitut - Latin
    0x083c: "ga_IE", # Irish - Ireland
    0x0410: "it_IT", # Italian - Italy
    0x0810: "it_CH", # Italian - Switzerland
    0x0411: "ja_JP", # Japanese
    0x044b: "kn_IN", # Kannada - India
    0x043f: "kk_KZ", # Kazakh
    0x0453: "kh_KH", # Khmer - Cambodia
    0x0486: "qut_GT",# K'iche - Guatemala
    0x0487: "rw_RW", # Kinyarwanda - Rwanda
    0x0457: "kok_IN",# Konkani
    0x0412: "ko_KR", # Korean
    0x0440: "ky_KG", # Kyrgyz
    0x0454: "lo_LA", # Lao - Lao PDR
    0x0426: "lv_LV", # Latvian
    0x0427: "lt_LT", # Lithuanian
    0x082e: "dsb_DE",# Lower Sorbian - Germany
    0x046e: "lb_LU", # Luxembourgish
    0x042f: "mk_MK", # FYROM Macedonian
    0x043e: "ms_MY", # Malay - Malaysia
    0x083e: "ms_BN", # Malay - Brunei Darussalam
    0x044c: "ml_IN", # Malayalam - India
    0x043a: "mt_MT", # Maltese
    0x0481: "mi_NZ", # Maori
    0x047a: "arn_CL",# Mapudungun
    0x044e: "mr_IN", # Marathi
    0x047c: "moh_CA",# Mohawk - Canada
    0x0450: "mn_MN", # Mongolian - Cyrillic
    0x0850: "mn_CN", # Mongolian - PRC
    0x0461: "ne_NP", # Nepali
    0x0414: "nb_NO", # Norwegian - Bokmal
    0x0814: "nn_NO", # Norwegian - Nynorsk
    0x0482: "oc_FR", # Occitan - France
    0x0448: "or_IN", # Oriya - India
    0x0463: "ps_AF", # Pashto - Afghanistan
    0x0429: "fa_IR", # Persian
    0x0415: "pl_PL", # Polish
    0x0416: "pt_BR", # Portuguese - Brazil
    0x0816: "pt_PT", # Portuguese - Portugal
    0x0446: "pa_IN", # Punjabi
    0x046b: "quz_BO",# Quechua (Bolivia)
    0x086b: "quz_EC",# Quechua (Ecuador)
    0x0c6b: "quz_PE",# Quechua (Peru)
    0x0418: "ro_RO", # Romanian - Romania
    0x0417: "rm_CH", # Romansh
    0x0419: "ru_RU", # Russian
    0x243b: "smn_FI",# Sami Finland
    0x103b: "smj_NO",# Sami Norway
    0x143b: "smj_SE",# Sami Sweden
    0x043b: "se_NO", # Sami Northern Norway
    0x083b: "se_SE", # Sami Northern Sweden
    0x0c3b: "se_FI", # Sami Northern Finland
    0x203b: "sms_FI",# Sami Skolt
    0x183b: "sma_NO",# Sami Southern Norway
    0x1c3b: "sma_SE",# Sami Southern Sweden
    0x044f: "sa_IN", # Sanskrit
    0x0c1a: "sr_SP", # Serbian - Cyrillic
    0x1c1a: "sr_BA", # Serbian - Bosnia Cyrillic
    0x081a: "sr_SP", # Serbian - Latin
    0x181a: "sr_BA", # Serbian - Bosnia Latin
    0x045b: "si_LK", # Sinhala - Sri Lanka
    0x046c: "ns_ZA", # Northern Sotho
    0x0432: "tn_ZA", # Setswana - Southern Africa
    0x041b: "sk_SK", # Slovak
    0x0424: "sl_SI", # Slovenian
    0x040a: "es_ES", # Spanish - Spain
    0x080a: "es_MX", # Spanish - Mexico
    0x0c0a: "es_ES", # Spanish - Spain (Modern)
    0x100a: "es_GT", # Spanish - Guatemala
    0x140a: "es_CR", # Spanish - Costa Rica
    0x180a: "es_PA", # Spanish - Panama
    0x1c0a: "es_DO", # Spanish - Dominican Republic
    0x200a: "es_VE", # Spanish - Venezuela
    0x240a: "es_CO", # Spanish - Colombia
    0x280a: "es_PE", # Spanish - Peru
    0x2c0a: "es_AR", # Spanish - Argentina
    0x300a: "es_EC", # Spanish - Ecuador
    0x340a: "es_CL", # Spanish - Chile
    0x380a: "es_UR", # Spanish - Uruguay
    0x3c0a: "es_PY", # Spanish - Paraguay
    0x400a: "es_BO", # Spanish - Bolivia
    0x440a: "es_SV", # Spanish - El Salvador
    0x480a: "es_HN", # Spanish - Honduras
    0x4c0a: "es_NI", # Spanish - Nicaragua
    0x500a: "es_PR", # Spanish - Puerto Rico
    0x540a: "es_US", # Spanish - United States
#    0x0430: "", # Sutu - Not supported
    0x0441: "sw_KE", # Swahili
    0x041d: "sv_SE", # Swedish - Sweden
    0x081d: "sv_FI", # Swedish - Finland
    0x045a: "syr_SY",# Syriac
    0x0428: "tg_TJ", # Tajik - Cyrillic
    0x085f: "tmz_DZ",# Tamazight - Latin
    0x0449: "ta_IN", # Tamil
    0x0444: "tt_RU", # Tatar
    0x044a: "te_IN", # Telugu
    0x041e: "th_TH", # Thai
    0x0851: "bo_BT", # Tibetan - Bhutan
    0x0451: "bo_CN", # Tibetan - PRC
    0x041f: "tr_TR", # Turkish
    0x0442: "tk_TM", # Turkmen - Cyrillic
    0x0480: "ug_CN", # Uighur - Arabic
    0x0422: "uk_UA", # Ukrainian
    0x042e: "wen_DE",# Upper Sorbian - Germany
    0x0420: "ur_PK", # Urdu
    0x0820: "ur_IN", # Urdu - India
    0x0443: "uz_UZ", # Uzbek - Latin
    0x0843: "uz_UZ", # Uzbek - Cyrillic
    0x042a: "vi_VN", # Vietnamese
    0x0452: "cy_GB", # Welsh
    0x0488: "wo_SN", # Wolof - Senegal
    0x0434: "xh_ZA", # Xhosa - South Africa
    0x0485: "sah_RU",# Yakut - Cyrillic
    0x0478: "ii_CN", # Yi - PRC
    0x046a: "yo_NG", # Yoruba - Nigeria
    0x0435: "zu_ZA", # Zulu
}

def _print_locale():

    """ Test function.
    """
    categories = {}
    def _init_categories(categories=categories):
        for k,v in globals().items():
            if k[:3] == 'LC_':
                categories[k] = v
    _init_categories()
    del categories['LC_ALL']

    print('Locale defaults as determined by getdefaultlocale():')
    print('-'*72)
    lang, enc = getdefaultlocale()
    print('Language: ', lang or '(undefined)')
    print('Encoding: ', enc or '(undefined)')
    print()

    print('Locale settings on startup:')
    print('-'*72)
    for name,category in categories.items():
        print(name, '...')
        lang, enc = getlocale(category)
        print('   Language: ', lang or '(undefined)')
        print('   Encoding: ', enc or '(undefined)')
        print()

    print()
    print('Locale settings after calling resetlocale():')
    print('-'*72)
    resetlocale()
    for name,category in categories.items():
        print(name, '...')
        lang, enc = getlocale(category)
        print('   Language: ', lang or '(undefined)')
        print('   Encoding: ', enc or '(undefined)')
        print()

    try:
        setlocale(LC_ALL, "")
    except:
        print('NOTE:')
        print('setlocale(LC_ALL, "") does not support the default locale')
        print('given in the OS environment variables.')
    else:
        print()
        print('Locale settings after calling setlocale(LC_ALL, ""):')
        print('-'*72)
        for name,category in categories.items():
            print(name, '...')
            lang, enc = getlocale(category)
            print('   Language: ', lang or '(undefined)')
            print('   Encoding: ', enc or '(undefined)')
            print()

###

try:
    LC_MESSAGES
except NameError:
    pass
else:
    __all__.append("LC_MESSAGES")

if __name__=='__main__':
    print('Locale aliasing:')
    print()
    _print_locale()
    print()
    print('Number formatting:')
    print()
    _test()
A Beginner's Facts Playing Casino Slots

A Beginner’s Facts Playing Casino Slots

How In Order To Play Slots Find Out The Rules Involving Slot Machines

In most modern devices, the number regarding lines that will pay off for” “a gamer depends on the particular number of credits (money or coin-in) wagered on a new particular spin. Those first machines will be paid out based about the mechanical features of the device. However, modern equipment not merely often employ video reels yet also make full use of random number generators instead of mechanical operation to determine champions.

The strategy of progressive jackpots dates back to be able to 1986 when the particular Megabucks machine seemed to be introduced, allowing earnings to accumulate until the player hit the jackpot. Today, many popular progressive slot machines are connected around multiple casinos, more increasing the jackpot feature potential. Classic slot machines, often referred to be able to as 3-reel slot machine games, provide quick plus satisfying action. These games are great for players who appreciate easy and fast-paced game play. With their standard design and mechanics, classic slots charm to both newbies and seasoned gamers. Typically, these slot machines feature one to three paylines, making them easy in order to understand and enjoy.

Slot Tip 4:  Always Enjoy Within Your Budget And Become Willing To Lower Your Guess Or Stop Playing If You Struck A Limit

Bets can be as minimal as 1c each spin, playing with your local on line casino or online is usually easier than at any time to access your bank roll. Modern slot” “equipment games trace to large and unique machines manufactured by an enthusiastic mechanic (and tinkerer) of typically the late 19th millennium, Charles Fey. The machine that Fey created was very simple but complex in concept, and also this machine was the Liberty Bell. Note that these online slot machine game strategies work finest with games that have the lowest volatility since you will need to adjust the dimensions of the gamble as you proceed. Scatter symbols are usually special icons of which can fork out irregardless of their place on the reels, often triggering reward features mostbet.

  • It’s quick to customize amount of credits you’d like to participate in too.
  • Because of the long odds, seeking to win a huge jackpot is most likely unrealistic.
  • You’ll learn what to be able to expect and exactly how to adjust your current playing style to be able to the features of a particular slot device game.
  • For example, the Blood Suckers slot with the RTP of 98% returns to all players $98 of $100 expended inside; $2 is usually the house edge.
  • Therefore, carry out not rush to immediately place actual bets, but initial, get accustomed to the position controls.

Now, your house edge will vary with respect to the” “video game that players opt to play, and typically the total bet amount which is placed. Developers are continually striving to innovate and even create new ways for players to be able to win in a great attempt to retain player interest. One of those innovations seemed to be respins or cascading down symbols – which in turn are certain emblems which cause reels to respin to produce bigger wins or multipliers with outrageous symbols potentially. With all the success and recognition, there is usually one thing which includes always been some sort of given for position machines. In essence, they have been income generators regarding casinos for several years in spite of featuring large plus relatively frequent affiliate payouts. Once you’ve set your desired bet, press the “Spin” button or draw the lever (if available) to trigger the spin.

Beginners Guide: How To Play Slots Regarding Dummies

Keeping with the straightforward nature of playing slots at on the web casinos, if gamers have trouble, these types of websites offer consumer service. The special offers that online casinos offer purely relate with in-game aspects such as bonus money in addition to free spins for slots. The appeal of slot machines is the possiblity to hit big which has a jackpot payday. Over the years, developers have continued to find ways to boost the jackpots regarding players without stopping too much of the edge for your casino.

The most realistic strategy when betting on slot machines is bankroll management; its essence is usually rather simple. Each player can devote a certain amount on bets, in addition to spending it within one evening is a bad concept; a wise option is to split your bankroll volume into several parts. For example, following making a deposit, you can divide it into components simultaneously and use only one piece per day for making bets mostbet app.

Slot Tournaments

Today almost all progressives are linked electronically to other machines, with all credit played in the particular linked machines adding to a typical jackpot. Woe will be the person who hits three jackpot symbols about a buy-a-pay together with only one gold coin played — typically the player gets practically nothing back. On some sort of multiplier, payoffs are proportionate for each coin played — apart from, usually, for that leading jackpot.

  • Their slots selection includes progressive jackpot feature games, as well as a massive selection of all traditional slots you’d count on to find.
  • This is because slot games can be highly addicting and can prospect a player to chase their losses.
  • Nowadays, known because a philanthropist, Bill Redd (also referred to as Si) was among the Bally group’s designers in the 1971s.
  • With all the achievement and popularity, there will be one thing that has always been a new given for slot machine machines.

The wide collection of slot games, like exclusive titles, guarantees a varied plus exciting gaming knowledge. Here are many of the most effective online casinos for slot machine machines and precisely what causes them to be stand out there. A Night Using Cleo transports gamers to the planet of Ancient Egypt, complete with icons such as scarab beetles and the Eye of Horus. This game holds out for its unique bonus models, which add a great extra layer associated with excitement to the gameplay. Players can easily also make use of the chance feature, that allows all of them to attempt in order to double their winnings after any effective spin.

How To Play Slot Machines On-line: Step By Phase Instructions For Beginners

Among other things, site visitors will discover a day-to-day dose of content articles with the newest poker news, reside reporting from tournaments, exclusive videos, podcasts, reviews and bonus deals and so much more. With these kinds of eligibility factors and even any others you might find, your best choice is always in order to game details or even information before a person commit to enjoying. Sean Chaffin can be a longtime freelance article writer, editor, and former high school writing teacher. If you ever feel it’s learning to be a problem, urgently speak to a helpline in your country for immediate” “assistance. From in-depth testimonials and helpful guidelines to the latest reports, we’re here to be able to help you find a very good platforms and create informed decisions every step of the particular way.

They had been featuring three” “re-writing reels operated by way of a handle and a new single slot to be able to place a coin into. This equipment had only one shell out line, with each and every reel featuring several symbols – many you would acknowledge today – spades, hearts, diamonds, a new horseshoe, and the bell. This method requires players to be able to be more involved with every earn, so having some sort of calculator close by is recommended. Instead of changing the particular size of the particular bet based in won or lost rounds, the method has a set bet determined being a percentage of typically the available balance. Using 5% can become convenient, but all of us prefer staying secure and only wagering 3%. Slot machines top the record with regards to the almost all attractive casino game titles for gamblers, the two online and in land-based casinos.

Top Payment Procedures Available On Stake Casino

This feature means that you can spin a slot machine game game without seeking to connect to the particular game, but you is going to take care to be able to ensure you’re not really spending too much per spin. Wilds usually are special symbols that can replace other symbols on paylines to generate benefits. They are typically the most crucial symbols in the particular game and may also sometimes induce bonus features.

  • Additionally, players could unlock bonus capabilities through scatter signs” “that trigger special features.
  • If a person start thinking, “Well, they’re only credit, ” or even, “They’re already paid out for, ” it’s harder to persuade yourself to guard your bankroll.
  • At the core involving every authentic internet gambling platform is gaming software.
  • Players may also withdraw their funds by hitting “Cash Out and about. ” An individual can will certainly then receive a paper voucher together with the balance amount that can become used in another machine.

The user interface is definitely crafted to mirror the appearance and even ambiance of the conventional gambling establishment, featuring intuitive selections and controls. Volatility measures the frequency as well as the size regarding the wins that will the slots spend. For example, in case you prefer big is the winner less often, then you will want to perform an increased volatility slot; in case you prefer a low volatility slot then an individual will get smaller sized, more frequent is the winner. Commonly, this symbol is very totally different from the other symbols, therefore it is easy to distinguish besides making it simpler to understand the gameplay. Depending how many you obtain, could be dependent about the reward an individual are given; but like always, this may also vary per game.

Are There Different Types Of Slot Machines?

That about wraps upward our How in order to Play Slot Devices for Beginners guidebook. If you’ve appreciated it and are ready to try many free slots with regard to yourself, check out our slot reviews web page now. After a new few spins about those, you’ll grasp all of the particular concepts you’ve figured out about here. Paylines often confuse starter slots players the most, and no Exactly how to Play Slot machine Machines for Beginners guide would be full without explaining all of them further. Each symbol has a different worth and exactly how much you win for making combinations will be identified by the value of the symbols.

  • Don’t forget to be able to carefully experience almost all of the great print, because a few terms & situations can limit claiming, usage or cashing out of bonuses.
  • First, you should note that you can always find out exactly what bonus rounds and even special features the game has by viewing the paytable.
  • The goal with this specific strategy for earning at slots is usually to win back our losses.
  • Slot machines have are available a long approach since being simple machines and actually their role since store vending equipment.
  • Once you’ve established your desired gamble, press the “Spin” button or draw the lever (if available) to initiate the spin.

He’s written several books, generally on the topics of card counting and the different blackjack systems they employed over the particular years. He in addition runs a effective YouTube channel wherever he showcases various blackjack scenarios with beginner tips about how to overcome the dealer. Bets can be since little as 1c compared to typically the common minimum levels of $5 in order to $10 that stand and card games require.” “[newline]Please note that Slotsspot. com doesn’t work any gambling companies.

How To Play Slot Machines Inside A Casino

Bonus rounds can befuddle some new participants, so we believed we’d describe all of them here so that this specific How to Play Slot Machines intended for Beginners piece will be complete. When the cheats inserted particular numbers of coins in a certain order, the device would fork out. In jurisdictions with licensed casinos, the law takes a very dim view of cheating the video poker machines. Cheating licensed casinos is a criminal offence and will carry stiff prison terms. A zero-bonus balances the particular possibility of greater wins than you see in pick’em bonuses.

  • Over in britain, they include a couple of names for all of them, fruit machines in England and puggy in Scotland.
  • They are created to offer the chance-based, easy-to-play video gaming experience where gamers” “can go back home with potentially big wins using a simple rewrite.
  • However, you may stick to certain rules when playing particular titles; by using them, you could decrease risks and boost your winning possibilities.
  • The bonus round is usually activated by way of a minimum of three scatter symbols – but this can easily vary slot in order to slot.
  • Just such as the relaxed nature of how to play slot machines, players from all over have similar carefree love towards online game.

A gamer has numerous game titles available, something intended for every taste plus interest. However, whilst we can’t inform you how in order to play slot devices and win every time, we can show a couple of slot machine techniques that will assist you win more often. This is knowledge we’ve gained above decades, so bring it in and create sure you realize that before choosing which usually game to enjoy. Some slot machines in the 1960s and ‘70s had been vulnerable to ordinary magnets. Cheaters could make use of the magnets in order to make the fishing reels float freely alternatively of stopping about a spin.

How To Play Position Machines: A Step By Step Guide

Usually, classic, fruits, 3D, and progressive jackpot slot equipment are available with all online internet casinos. Old-fashioned slot equipment have only one horizontal payline, along which in turn three winning emblems (usually fruit icons or 7s) have to line upwards for you to be paid out. The vast bulk of today’s position machines, however, are multi-payline, with a few featuring up to 100 paylines or more.

  • So, let’s say that we all start with $100, which usually means our 1st bet is 3%.
  • It works generally the same manner regarding all slot devices, although there may become some variations based on the application developer.
  • These are the added features that assist to boost your payout in the particular game.
  • There is enough diversity and choice available amongst the slot machine game games industry.
  • “Each game comes with a unique combo of features like bonus rounds, thrilling varied animation alternatives, modern machines, multiplier machines, wild icons, and more.

The risk is that a new dry run can lead to a large bet that may be difficult in order to sustain. Some slot machine games feature progressive jackpots, where a small portion of each and every bet contributes to be able to a growing goldmine that can always be won by getting a specific combo or at unique. Find out about slot machines, how that they work and how to play slots for actual money with our own full guide.

How Developers Found Ways To Increase Jackpots

The worst factor you can apply at slot machines is always to chase loss by increasing the bet level. The chances are good that you may lose a lot more cash, and probably crazily run through the bankroll. When selecting an ideal bet level for your slot play, your decision is usually a trade-off among risk and payment.

  • The machine became known as the Liberty Bell and Fey spawned an evergrowing industry.
  • There are video games in penny, 2-cent, nickel, 10-cent, 1 fourth, dollar and also $100 denominations, and several machines allow players in order to choose which denomination they want to be able to use.
  • Nearly everyone is guilty associated with not reading Apple or Google words of service, but you shouldn’t are available to a casino with that same mindset.
  • The slot machine machine landscape has always been dependent upon the improvements and innovations involving software companies.
  • These slots are normally great for players who just want to have many fun create typically the most of their particular play.

It’s important to read the cup or help menus and learn precisely what type of device it is. The three major forms of reel-spinning slot machines are the multiplier, the buy-a-pay along with the progressive. Modern movie slots, of program, don’t have real coins but instead use virtual bridal party. To period pay-out odds, simply cash out your own slot credits straight into a real money balance. If you’re gunning for the big bucks, on the other hand, you would end up being wise to stick to high volatility slots.

Slot Hint 10:  Take Benefit Of Bonuses And Even Promotions

In typically the rest, the recognition of attempting to be able to win at slot machines is surging to the point slot machine game play is rivaling table play. On those machines, the particular big payoffs have been $50 or $100 — not like typically the big numbers slot machine game players expect today. On systems of which electronically link equipment in several casinos, progressive jackpots reach huge amount of money. It’s quick — just drop coins into typically the slot and push the button or even pull the handle. Newcomers will find the particular personal interaction along with dealers or additional players at the particular tables intimidating — slot players prevent that. And besides, the greatest, most lifestyle-changing jackpots in typically the casino are available upon the slots.

The game software giant incorporated a 4-tier progressive goldmine with levels called mega, major, slight, and mini. In order to be eligible for the tiny jackpot – the lowest of the bunch, you must bet at least 1 cent on all twenty-five paylines (a minimal total of $0. 25). When this comes to video slots, these generally include multi-tier accelerating jackpots. Every video clip slot usually provides between 2 plus 12 progressive goldmine levels, and every level provides a established max bet an individual have to help to make in order to be able to be eligible.

What Occurs When You” “Get On A Slot Machine?

Each slot machine features a pay stand that shows just what symbols have to line up for a pay out of varying sums. These are organized with the greatest payouts, known because the jackpot, on top of the tables and subsequent payouts below those. A desk also includes an amount paid relying on the amount of credits a new player puts in the machine. A random number generator, or perhaps RNG, is a computer technology that is definitely used to determine payouts and jackpots. An RNG makes a sequence associated with simulated random amounts to determine exactly where those reels may land, and therefore which payouts” “are distributed to participants. Modern slot equipment have become high-tech machines with advanced online video, sound, graphics, in addition to gameplay.

  • So, you should recognize that playing slot machine machines are extremely basic – which is part of the reason players love these games.
  • Ordinarily, a traditional 3-reel slot will be an ideal opt for for the player who else likes a pared-down game with not any frills and everything perform.
  • For example, if you owned four matching emblems on reels one, two, four, in addition to five, and some sort of wild landed throughout the middle, you’d have a 5 symbol combination.
  • Usually, classic, fruit, 3D, and progressive jackpot slot machines are available from all online casinos.
  • You can typically do this inside the ‘account’ or ‘banking’ section of your own casino.

The scam artists would likely remove the magnetic only when the fishing reels had aligned throughout a winning combo. My top slot machine game machine strategy ideas – you’ll learned about below – consist of 12 do’s and even 6 don’ts that may assist you in answering the top ‘how to succeed at slot machines? Changing the developed payback percentage demands opening the device and replacing a computer chip. Server-based slot machines that will allow casinos in order to change payout proportions remotely, but there are still polices around making these kinds of changes. It’s certainly not unusual to proceed 20 or fifty or more draws without a one payout on a reel-spinning slot, although payouts tend to be more repeated on video video poker machines. Nor would it be unusual for a device to pay again 150 percent or more for many dozen pulls.

What Is Responsible Game Playing And What Makes It Essential?

Given that they are games of chance, playing slots has more to perform with luck as compared to strategy. Even so, there are several strategies you can employ to select some sort of slot machine that may likely pay. As you might have got heard before, a person can’t win large payouts at a intensifying slot if you don’t max the wager. A small section of your bet on a modern slot machine game goes straight into a jackpot or perhaps set of jackpots. The more participants wager on typically the progressive lot the bigger its jackpot gets.

  • Not all machines are made the similar way and programmed with the same RTP or payment percentage.
  • To place a bet on the slot machine, simply insert the coins or currency, select your bet size, and take the lever or perhaps press the rotate button.
  • Alternatively, you can start building up a bankroll by keeping aside small amounts through your savings and after that begin gambling after getting saved enough money for a certain variety of slot machines.
  • Let’s consider a closer look at the sorts of bonus icons you’re more likely to find in a regular online” “slot.

Other accelerating slots are connected within a casino, although some are interconnected across all internet casinos featuring that certain game. For a new genuine casino experience from the coziness of your abode, live dealer games certainly are a must consider. These games, including live blackjack, different roulette games, and baccarat, feature real human retailers who interact along with players via reside video streams. Players can participate in current gameplay, detailed with interpersonal interaction, creating a great immersive and genuine casino atmosphere. They” “come in various themes and give a stimulating blend of gameplay, visuals, plus the possibility for significant winnings. Demo methods are available regarding players to train and even familiarize themselves along with the game with out risking real cash.

Starting In Order To Play Slots

Yes, due to the fact demo versions permit you to test slots, check their particular characteristics, and do not risk your own funds. While wagering, it is essential to control yourself, while emotions often usually tend to get free from control. It is incredibly common when you strike a large reward and lose manage, forgetting about caution as well as the strategy you adhere to. Aside coming from these run-of-the-mill strategies, participate in slot machine tournaments whenever feasible.

  • Understanding design and even mechanics in the sport is essential ahead of spinning the fishing reels.
  • Don’t hesitate in order to ask tough queries; other gamblers are usually willing to out a poor apple.
  • The scam artists would remove the magnet only if the reels had aligned within a winning mixture.
  • Video slots are acknowledged for their advanced graphics and several paylines, which will enhance the chances regarding winning.
  • The paytable also shows the value of every symbol, indicating the amount you win intended for matching different icons on a payline.

When playing video poker machines online, you could decrease or raise your stake by simply clicking on typically the BET/STAKE button. For example, classic on the internet slots based about traditional slot equipment have 3 reels. Three-reel slot games put more importance on their leading jackpots but have got a lesser hit regularity with additional losing spins. If you’re pondering how to win at slots, three-reel position games do offer slot players typically the best possiblity to get big, but additionally the particular best chance in order to lose fast. Every good online gambling establishment will have an array of games to attempt at no cost or true money.

How To Experience Video Poker Machines: The Pokernews Guide

The microprocessors driving today’s machines are set with random-number generation devices that govern winning combinations. Many position players pump money into two or more adjacent devices at a time, although if the casino will be crowded and others are having problems finding places to play, limit yourself to one machine. Select your bets and paylines, and get a theme and bonus feature of which interests you. Online slot software will be governed by the Arbitrary Number Generator, or perhaps RNG. As quickly as you struck the ‘Spin’ key, an algorithm can determine where and if the reels can stop. The process is completely unique, and slot designers have their games examined before they hit the casino industry, along with periodically audited with time.

  • This network impact results in massive jackpots, some of which can become truly life-changing.
  • While learning how in order to play casino slot machine games, there are particular factors that you have to always keep in mind when choosing the proper slot machine game game.
  • Added for the paylines and payout structures, deciphering the bet measurements is likewise crucial, as it can have an effect on both the possible winnings and the particular overall game.
  • You may well also get a feeling whether it’s achievable to win in slot games and even if so how to win in slots.

Now, a new payout and goldmine is determined as quickly as the player hits the switch to spin the particular reels. If you’re purely after massive jackpots, you ought to consider playing the subsequent games. These top rated progressive jackpot slots have paid out many of the greatest online slot jackpots of all time.

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