Current File : /home/bdmcricketindia.in/public_html/wp-includes/class-wp-comment-query.php
<?php
/**
 * Comment API: WP_Comment_Query class
 *
 * @package WordPress
 * @subpackage Comments
 * @since 4.4.0
 */

/**
 * Core class used for querying comments.
 *
 * @since 3.1.0
 *
 * @see WP_Comment_Query::__construct() for accepted arguments.
 */
#[AllowDynamicProperties]
class WP_Comment_Query {

	/**
	 * SQL for database query.
	 *
	 * @since 4.0.1
	 * @var string
	 */
	public $request;

	/**
	 * Metadata query container
	 *
	 * @since 3.5.0
	 * @var WP_Meta_Query A meta query instance.
	 */
	public $meta_query = false;

	/**
	 * Metadata query clauses.
	 *
	 * @since 4.4.0
	 * @var array
	 */
	protected $meta_query_clauses;

	/**
	 * SQL query clauses.
	 *
	 * @since 4.4.0
	 * @var array
	 */
	protected $sql_clauses = array(
		'select'  => '',
		'from'    => '',
		'where'   => array(),
		'groupby' => '',
		'orderby' => '',
		'limits'  => '',
	);

	/**
	 * SQL WHERE clause.
	 *
	 * Stored after the {@see 'comments_clauses'} filter is run on the compiled WHERE sub-clauses.
	 *
	 * @since 4.4.2
	 * @var string
	 */
	protected $filtered_where_clause;

	/**
	 * Date query container
	 *
	 * @since 3.7.0
	 * @var WP_Date_Query A date query instance.
	 */
	public $date_query = false;

	/**
	 * Query vars set by the user.
	 *
	 * @since 3.1.0
	 * @var array
	 */
	public $query_vars;

	/**
	 * Default values for query vars.
	 *
	 * @since 4.2.0
	 * @var array
	 */
	public $query_var_defaults;

	/**
	 * List of comments located by the query.
	 *
	 * @since 4.0.0
	 * @var int[]|WP_Comment[]
	 */
	public $comments;

	/**
	 * The amount of found comments for the current query.
	 *
	 * @since 4.4.0
	 * @var int
	 */
	public $found_comments = 0;

	/**
	 * The number of pages.
	 *
	 * @since 4.4.0
	 * @var int
	 */
	public $max_num_pages = 0;

	/**
	 * Make private/protected methods readable for backward compatibility.
	 *
	 * @since 4.0.0
	 *
	 * @param string $name      Method to call.
	 * @param array  $arguments Arguments to pass when calling.
	 * @return mixed|false Return value of the callback, false otherwise.
	 */
	public function __call( $name, $arguments ) {
		if ( 'get_search_sql' === $name ) {
			return $this->get_search_sql( ...$arguments );
		}
		return false;
	}

	/**
	 * Constructor.
	 *
	 * Sets up the comment query, based on the query vars passed.
	 *
	 * @since 4.2.0
	 * @since 4.4.0 `$parent__in` and `$parent__not_in` were added.
	 * @since 4.4.0 Order by `comment__in` was added. `$update_comment_meta_cache`, `$no_found_rows`,
	 *              `$hierarchical`, and `$update_comment_post_cache` were added.
	 * @since 4.5.0 Introduced the `$author_url` argument.
	 * @since 4.6.0 Introduced the `$cache_domain` argument.
	 * @since 4.9.0 Introduced the `$paged` argument.
	 * @since 5.1.0 Introduced the `$meta_compare_key` argument.
	 * @since 5.3.0 Introduced the `$meta_type_key` argument.
	 *
	 * @param string|array $query {
	 *     Optional. Array or query string of comment query parameters. Default empty.
	 *
	 *     @type string          $author_email              Comment author email address. Default empty.
	 *     @type string          $author_url                Comment author URL. Default empty.
	 *     @type int[]           $author__in                Array of author IDs to include comments for. Default empty.
	 *     @type int[]           $author__not_in            Array of author IDs to exclude comments for. Default empty.
	 *     @type int[]           $comment__in               Array of comment IDs to include. Default empty.
	 *     @type int[]           $comment__not_in           Array of comment IDs to exclude. Default empty.
	 *     @type bool            $count                     Whether to return a comment count (true) or array of
	 *                                                      comment objects (false). Default false.
	 *     @type array           $date_query                Date query clauses to limit comments by. See WP_Date_Query.
	 *                                                      Default null.
	 *     @type string          $fields                    Comment fields to return. Accepts 'ids' for comment IDs
	 *                                                      only or empty for all fields. Default empty.
	 *     @type array           $include_unapproved        Array of IDs or email addresses of users whose unapproved
	 *                                                      comments will be returned by the query regardless of
	 *                                                      `$status`. Default empty.
	 *     @type int             $karma                     Karma score to retrieve matching comments for.
	 *                                                      Default empty.
	 *     @type string|string[] $meta_key                  Meta key or keys to filter by.
	 *     @type string|string[] $meta_value                Meta value or values to filter by.
	 *     @type string          $meta_compare              MySQL operator used for comparing the meta value.
	 *                                                      See WP_Meta_Query::__construct() for accepted values and default value.
	 *     @type string          $meta_compare_key          MySQL operator used for comparing the meta key.
	 *                                                      See WP_Meta_Query::__construct() for accepted values and default value.
	 *     @type string          $meta_type                 MySQL data type that the meta_value column will be CAST to for comparisons.
	 *                                                      See WP_Meta_Query::__construct() for accepted values and default value.
	 *     @type string          $meta_type_key             MySQL data type that the meta_key column will be CAST to for comparisons.
	 *                                                      See WP_Meta_Query::__construct() for accepted values and default value.
	 *     @type array           $meta_query                An associative array of WP_Meta_Query arguments.
	 *                                                      See WP_Meta_Query::__construct() for accepted values.
	 *     @type int             $number                    Maximum number of comments to retrieve.
	 *                                                      Default empty (no limit).
	 *     @type int             $paged                     When used with `$number`, defines the page of results to return.
	 *                                                      When used with `$offset`, `$offset` takes precedence. Default 1.
	 *     @type int             $offset                    Number of comments to offset the query. Used to build
	 *                                                      LIMIT clause. Default 0.
	 *     @type bool            $no_found_rows             Whether to disable the `SQL_CALC_FOUND_ROWS` query.
	 *                                                      Default: true.
	 *     @type string|array    $orderby                   Comment status or array of statuses. To use 'meta_value'
	 *                                                      or 'meta_value_num', `$meta_key` must also be defined.
	 *                                                      To sort by a specific `$meta_query` clause, use that
	 *                                                      clause's array key. Accepts:
	 *                                                      - 'comment_agent'
	 *                                                      - 'comment_approved'
	 *                                                      - 'comment_author'
	 *                                                      - 'comment_author_email'
	 *                                                      - 'comment_author_IP'
	 *                                                      - 'comment_author_url'
	 *                                                      - 'comment_content'
	 *                                                      - 'comment_date'
	 *                                                      - 'comment_date_gmt'
	 *                                                      - 'comment_ID'
	 *                                                      - 'comment_karma'
	 *                                                      - 'comment_parent'
	 *                                                      - 'comment_post_ID'
	 *                                                      - 'comment_type'
	 *                                                      - 'user_id'
	 *                                                      - 'comment__in'
	 *                                                      - 'meta_value'
	 *                                                      - 'meta_value_num'
	 *                                                      - The value of `$meta_key`
	 *                                                      - The array keys of `$meta_query`
	 *                                                      - false, an empty array, or 'none' to disable `ORDER BY` clause.
	 *                                                      Default: 'comment_date_gmt'.
	 *     @type string          $order                     How to order retrieved comments. Accepts 'ASC', 'DESC'.
	 *                                                      Default: 'DESC'.
	 *     @type int             $parent                    Parent ID of comment to retrieve children of.
	 *                                                      Default empty.
	 *     @type int[]           $parent__in                Array of parent IDs of comments to retrieve children for.
	 *                                                      Default empty.
	 *     @type int[]           $parent__not_in            Array of parent IDs of comments *not* to retrieve
	 *                                                      children for. Default empty.
	 *     @type int[]           $post_author__in           Array of author IDs to retrieve comments for.
	 *                                                      Default empty.
	 *     @type int[]           $post_author__not_in       Array of author IDs *not* to retrieve comments for.
	 *                                                      Default empty.
	 *     @type int             $post_id                   Limit results to those affiliated with a given post ID.
	 *                                                      Default 0.
	 *     @type int[]           $post__in                  Array of post IDs to include affiliated comments for.
	 *                                                      Default empty.
	 *     @type int[]           $post__not_in              Array of post IDs to exclude affiliated comments for.
	 *                                                      Default empty.
	 *     @type int             $post_author               Post author ID to limit results by. Default empty.
	 *     @type string|string[] $post_status               Post status or array of post statuses to retrieve
	 *                                                      affiliated comments for. Pass 'any' to match any value.
	 *                                                      Default empty.
	 *     @type string|string[] $post_type                 Post type or array of post types to retrieve affiliated
	 *                                                      comments for. Pass 'any' to match any value. Default empty.
	 *     @type string          $post_name                 Post name to retrieve affiliated comments for.
	 *                                                      Default empty.
	 *     @type int             $post_parent               Post parent ID to retrieve affiliated comments for.
	 *                                                      Default empty.
	 *     @type string          $search                    Search term(s) to retrieve matching comments for.
	 *                                                      Default empty.
	 *     @type string|array    $status                    Comment statuses to limit results by. Accepts an array
	 *                                                      or space/comma-separated list of 'hold' (`comment_status=0`),
	 *                                                      'approve' (`comment_status=1`), 'all', or a custom
	 *                                                      comment status. Default 'all'.
	 *     @type string|string[] $type                      Include comments of a given type, or array of types.
	 *                                                      Accepts 'comment', 'pings' (includes 'pingback' and
	 *                                                      'trackback'), or any custom type string. Default empty.
	 *     @type string[]        $type__in                  Include comments from a given array of comment types.
	 *                                                      Default empty.
	 *     @type string[]        $type__not_in              Exclude comments from a given array of comment types.
	 *                                                      Default empty.
	 *     @type int             $user_id                   Include comments for a specific user ID. Default empty.
	 *     @type bool|string     $hierarchical              Whether to include comment descendants in the results.
	 *                                                      - 'threaded' returns a tree, with each comment's children
	 *                                                        stored in a `children` property on the `WP_Comment` object.
	 *                                                      - 'flat' returns a flat array of found comments plus
	 *                                                        their children.
	 *                                                      - Boolean `false` leaves out descendants.
	 *                                                      The parameter is ignored (forced to `false`) when
	 *                                                      `$fields` is 'ids' or 'counts'. Accepts 'threaded',
	 *                                                      'flat', or false. Default: false.
	 *     @type string          $cache_domain              Unique cache key to be produced when this query is stored in
	 *                                                      an object cache. Default is 'core'.
	 *     @type bool            $update_comment_meta_cache Whether to prime the metadata cache for found comments.
	 *                                                      Default true.
	 *     @type bool            $update_comment_post_cache Whether to prime the cache for comment posts.
	 *                                                      Default false.
	 * }
	 */
	public function __construct( $query = '' ) {
		$this->query_var_defaults = array(
			'author_email'              => '',
			'author_url'                => '',
			'author__in'                => '',
			'author__not_in'            => '',
			'include_unapproved'        => '',
			'fields'                    => '',
			'ID'                        => '',
			'comment__in'               => '',
			'comment__not_in'           => '',
			'karma'                     => '',
			'number'                    => '',
			'offset'                    => '',
			'no_found_rows'             => true,
			'orderby'                   => '',
			'order'                     => 'DESC',
			'paged'                     => 1,
			'parent'                    => '',
			'parent__in'                => '',
			'parent__not_in'            => '',
			'post_author__in'           => '',
			'post_author__not_in'       => '',
			'post_ID'                   => '',
			'post_id'                   => 0,
			'post__in'                  => '',
			'post__not_in'              => '',
			'post_author'               => '',
			'post_name'                 => '',
			'post_parent'               => '',
			'post_status'               => '',
			'post_type'                 => '',
			'status'                    => 'all',
			'type'                      => '',
			'type__in'                  => '',
			'type__not_in'              => '',
			'user_id'                   => '',
			'search'                    => '',
			'count'                     => false,
			'meta_key'                  => '',
			'meta_value'                => '',
			'meta_query'                => '',
			'date_query'                => null, // See WP_Date_Query.
			'hierarchical'              => false,
			'cache_domain'              => 'core',
			'update_comment_meta_cache' => true,
			'update_comment_post_cache' => false,
		);

		if ( ! empty( $query ) ) {
			$this->query( $query );
		}
	}

	/**
	 * Parse arguments passed to the comment query with default query parameters.
	 *
	 * @since 4.2.0 Extracted from WP_Comment_Query::query().
	 *
	 * @param string|array $query WP_Comment_Query arguments. See WP_Comment_Query::__construct() for accepted arguments.
	 */
	public function parse_query( $query = '' ) {
		if ( empty( $query ) ) {
			$query = $this->query_vars;
		}

		$this->query_vars = wp_parse_args( $query, $this->query_var_defaults );

		/**
		 * Fires after the comment query vars have been parsed.
		 *
		 * @since 4.2.0
		 *
		 * @param WP_Comment_Query $query The WP_Comment_Query instance (passed by reference).
		 */
		do_action_ref_array( 'parse_comment_query', array( &$this ) );
	}

	/**
	 * Sets up the WordPress query for retrieving comments.
	 *
	 * @since 3.1.0
	 * @since 4.1.0 Introduced 'comment__in', 'comment__not_in', 'post_author__in',
	 *              'post_author__not_in', 'author__in', 'author__not_in', 'post__in',
	 *              'post__not_in', 'include_unapproved', 'type__in', and 'type__not_in'
	 *              arguments to $query_vars.
	 * @since 4.2.0 Moved parsing to WP_Comment_Query::parse_query().
	 *
	 * @param string|array $query Array or URL query string of parameters.
	 * @return array|int List of comments, or number of comments when 'count' is passed as a query var.
	 */
	public function query( $query ) {
		$this->query_vars = wp_parse_args( $query );
		return $this->get_comments();
	}

	/**
	 * Get a list of comments matching the query vars.
	 *
	 * @since 4.2.0
	 *
	 * @global wpdb $wpdb WordPress database abstraction object.
	 *
	 * @return int|int[]|WP_Comment[] List of comments or number of found comments if `$count` argument is true.
	 */
	public function get_comments() {
		global $wpdb;

		$this->parse_query();

		// Parse meta query.
		$this->meta_query = new WP_Meta_Query();
		$this->meta_query->parse_query_vars( $this->query_vars );

		/**
		 * Fires before comments are retrieved.
		 *
		 * @since 3.1.0
		 *
		 * @param WP_Comment_Query $query Current instance of WP_Comment_Query (passed by reference).
		 */
		do_action_ref_array( 'pre_get_comments', array( &$this ) );

		// Reparse query vars, in case they were modified in a 'pre_get_comments' callback.
		$this->meta_query->parse_query_vars( $this->query_vars );
		if ( ! empty( $this->meta_query->queries ) ) {
			$this->meta_query_clauses = $this->meta_query->get_sql( 'comment', $wpdb->comments, 'comment_ID', $this );
		}

		$comment_data = null;

		/**
		 * Filters the comments data before the query takes place.
		 *
		 * Return a non-null value to bypass WordPress' default comment queries.
		 *
		 * The expected return type from this filter depends on the value passed
		 * in the request query vars:
		 * - When `$this->query_vars['count']` is set, the filter should return
		 *   the comment count as an integer.
		 * - When `'ids' === $this->query_vars['fields']`, the filter should return
		 *   an array of comment IDs.
		 * - Otherwise the filter should return an array of WP_Comment objects.
		 *
		 * Note that if the filter returns an array of comment data, it will be assigned
		 * to the `comments` property of the current WP_Comment_Query instance.
		 *
		 * Filtering functions that require pagination information are encouraged to set
		 * the `found_comments` and `max_num_pages` properties of the WP_Comment_Query object,
		 * passed to the filter by reference. If WP_Comment_Query does not perform a database
		 * query, it will not have enough information to generate these values itself.
		 *
		 * @since 5.3.0
		 * @since 5.6.0 The returned array of comment data is assigned to the `comments` property
		 *              of the current WP_Comment_Query instance.
		 *
		 * @param array|int|null   $comment_data Return an array of comment data to short-circuit WP's comment query,
		 *                                       the comment count as an integer if `$this->query_vars['count']` is set,
		 *                                       or null to allow WP to run its normal queries.
		 * @param WP_Comment_Query $query        The WP_Comment_Query instance, passed by reference.
		 */
		$comment_data = apply_filters_ref_array( 'comments_pre_query', array( $comment_data, &$this ) );

		if ( null !== $comment_data ) {
			if ( is_array( $comment_data ) && ! $this->query_vars['count'] ) {
				$this->comments = $comment_data;
			}

			return $comment_data;
		}

		/*
		 * Only use the args defined in the query_var_defaults to compute the key,
		 * but ignore 'fields', 'update_comment_meta_cache', 'update_comment_post_cache' which does not affect query results.
		 */
		$_args = wp_array_slice_assoc( $this->query_vars, array_keys( $this->query_var_defaults ) );
		unset( $_args['fields'], $_args['update_comment_meta_cache'], $_args['update_comment_post_cache'] );

		$key          = md5( serialize( $_args ) );
		$last_changed = wp_cache_get_last_changed( 'comment' );

		$cache_key   = "get_comments:$key:$last_changed";
		$cache_value = wp_cache_get( $cache_key, 'comment-queries' );
		if ( false === $cache_value ) {
			$comment_ids = $this->get_comment_ids();
			if ( $comment_ids ) {
				$this->set_found_comments();
			}

			$cache_value = array(
				'comment_ids'    => $comment_ids,
				'found_comments' => $this->found_comments,
			);
			wp_cache_add( $cache_key, $cache_value, 'comment-queries' );
		} else {
			$comment_ids          = $cache_value['comment_ids'];
			$this->found_comments = $cache_value['found_comments'];
		}

		if ( $this->found_comments && $this->query_vars['number'] ) {
			$this->max_num_pages = (int) ceil( $this->found_comments / $this->query_vars['number'] );
		}

		// If querying for a count only, there's nothing more to do.
		if ( $this->query_vars['count'] ) {
			// $comment_ids is actually a count in this case.
			return (int) $comment_ids;
		}

		$comment_ids = array_map( 'intval', $comment_ids );

		if ( $this->query_vars['update_comment_meta_cache'] ) {
			wp_lazyload_comment_meta( $comment_ids );
		}

		if ( 'ids' === $this->query_vars['fields'] ) {
			$this->comments = $comment_ids;
			return $this->comments;
		}

		_prime_comment_caches( $comment_ids, false );

		// Fetch full comment objects from the primed cache.
		$_comments = array();
		foreach ( $comment_ids as $comment_id ) {
			$_comment = get_comment( $comment_id );
			if ( $_comment ) {
				$_comments[] = $_comment;
			}
		}

		// Prime comment post caches.
		if ( $this->query_vars['update_comment_post_cache'] ) {
			$comment_post_ids = array();
			foreach ( $_comments as $_comment ) {
				$comment_post_ids[] = $_comment->comment_post_ID;
			}

			_prime_post_caches( $comment_post_ids, false, false );
		}

		/**
		 * Filters the comment query results.
		 *
		 * @since 3.1.0
		 *
		 * @param WP_Comment[]     $_comments An array of comments.
		 * @param WP_Comment_Query $query     Current instance of WP_Comment_Query (passed by reference).
		 */
		$_comments = apply_filters_ref_array( 'the_comments', array( $_comments, &$this ) );

		// Convert to WP_Comment instances.
		$comments = array_map( 'get_comment', $_comments );

		if ( $this->query_vars['hierarchical'] ) {
			$comments = $this->fill_descendants( $comments );
		}

		$this->comments = $comments;
		return $this->comments;
	}

	/**
	 * Used internally to get a list of comment IDs matching the query vars.
	 *
	 * @since 4.4.0
	 *
	 * @global wpdb $wpdb WordPress database abstraction object.
	 *
	 * @return int|array A single count of comment IDs if a count query. An array of comment IDs if a full query.
	 */
	protected function get_comment_ids() {
		global $wpdb;

		// Assemble clauses related to 'comment_approved'.
		$approved_clauses = array();

		// 'status' accepts an array or a comma-separated string.
		$status_clauses = array();
		$statuses       = wp_parse_list( $this->query_vars['status'] );

		// Empty 'status' should be interpreted as 'all'.
		if ( empty( $statuses ) ) {
			$statuses = array( 'all' );
		}

		// 'any' overrides other statuses.
		if ( ! in_array( 'any', $statuses, true ) ) {
			foreach ( $statuses as $status ) {
				switch ( $status ) {
					case 'hold':
						$status_clauses[] = "comment_approved = '0'";
						break;

					case 'approve':
						$status_clauses[] = "comment_approved = '1'";
						break;

					case 'all':
					case '':
						$status_clauses[] = "( comment_approved = '0' OR comment_approved = '1' )";
						break;

					default:
						$status_clauses[] = $wpdb->prepare( 'comment_approved = %s', $status );
						break;
				}
			}

			if ( ! empty( $status_clauses ) ) {
				$approved_clauses[] = '( ' . implode( ' OR ', $status_clauses ) . ' )';
			}
		}

		// User IDs or emails whose unapproved comments are included, regardless of $status.
		if ( ! empty( $this->query_vars['include_unapproved'] ) ) {
			$include_unapproved = wp_parse_list( $this->query_vars['include_unapproved'] );

			foreach ( $include_unapproved as $unapproved_identifier ) {
				// Numeric values are assumed to be user IDs.
				if ( is_numeric( $unapproved_identifier ) ) {
					$approved_clauses[] = $wpdb->prepare( "( user_id = %d AND comment_approved = '0' )", $unapproved_identifier );
				} else {
					// Otherwise we match against email addresses.
					if ( ! empty( $_GET['unapproved'] ) && ! empty( $_GET['moderation-hash'] ) ) {
						// Only include requested comment.
						$approved_clauses[] = $wpdb->prepare( "( comment_author_email = %s AND comment_approved = '0' AND {$wpdb->comments}.comment_ID = %d )", $unapproved_identifier, (int) $_GET['unapproved'] );
					} else {
						// Include all of the author's unapproved comments.
						$approved_clauses[] = $wpdb->prepare( "( comment_author_email = %s AND comment_approved = '0' )", $unapproved_identifier );
					}
				}
			}
		}

		// Collapse comment_approved clauses into a single OR-separated clause.
		if ( ! empty( $approved_clauses ) ) {
			if ( 1 === count( $approved_clauses ) ) {
				$this->sql_clauses['where']['approved'] = $approved_clauses[0];
			} else {
				$this->sql_clauses['where']['approved'] = '( ' . implode( ' OR ', $approved_clauses ) . ' )';
			}
		}

		$order = ( 'ASC' === strtoupper( $this->query_vars['order'] ) ) ? 'ASC' : 'DESC';

		// Disable ORDER BY with 'none', an empty array, or boolean false.
		if ( in_array( $this->query_vars['orderby'], array( 'none', array(), false ), true ) ) {
			$orderby = '';
		} elseif ( ! empty( $this->query_vars['orderby'] ) ) {
			$ordersby = is_array( $this->query_vars['orderby'] ) ?
				$this->query_vars['orderby'] :
				preg_split( '/[,\s]/', $this->query_vars['orderby'] );

			$orderby_array            = array();
			$found_orderby_comment_id = false;
			foreach ( $ordersby as $_key => $_value ) {
				if ( ! $_value ) {
					continue;
				}

				if ( is_int( $_key ) ) {
					$_orderby = $_value;
					$_order   = $order;
				} else {
					$_orderby = $_key;
					$_order   = $_value;
				}

				if ( ! $found_orderby_comment_id && in_array( $_orderby, array( 'comment_ID', 'comment__in' ), true ) ) {
					$found_orderby_comment_id = true;
				}

				$parsed = $this->parse_orderby( $_orderby );

				if ( ! $parsed ) {
					continue;
				}

				if ( 'comment__in' === $_orderby ) {
					$orderby_array[] = $parsed;
					continue;
				}

				$orderby_array[] = $parsed . ' ' . $this->parse_order( $_order );
			}

			// If no valid clauses were found, order by comment_date_gmt.
			if ( empty( $orderby_array ) ) {
				$orderby_array[] = "$wpdb->comments.comment_date_gmt $order";
			}

			// To ensure determinate sorting, always include a comment_ID clause.
			if ( ! $found_orderby_comment_id ) {
				$comment_id_order = '';

				// Inherit order from comment_date or comment_date_gmt, if available.
				foreach ( $orderby_array as $orderby_clause ) {
					if ( preg_match( '/comment_date(?:_gmt)*\ (ASC|DESC)/', $orderby_clause, $match ) ) {
						$comment_id_order = $match[1];
						break;
					}
				}

				// If no date-related order is available, use the date from the first available clause.
				if ( ! $comment_id_order ) {
					foreach ( $orderby_array as $orderby_clause ) {
						if ( str_contains( 'ASC', $orderby_clause ) ) {
							$comment_id_order = 'ASC';
						} else {
							$comment_id_order = 'DESC';
						}

						break;
					}
				}

				// Default to DESC.
				if ( ! $comment_id_order ) {
					$comment_id_order = 'DESC';
				}

				$orderby_array[] = "$wpdb->comments.comment_ID $comment_id_order";
			}

			$orderby = implode( ', ', $orderby_array );
		} else {
			$orderby = "$wpdb->comments.comment_date_gmt $order";
		}

		$number = absint( $this->query_vars['number'] );
		$offset = absint( $this->query_vars['offset'] );
		$paged  = absint( $this->query_vars['paged'] );
		$limits = '';

		if ( ! empty( $number ) ) {
			if ( $offset ) {
				$limits = 'LIMIT ' . $offset . ',' . $number;
			} else {
				$limits = 'LIMIT ' . ( $number * ( $paged - 1 ) ) . ',' . $number;
			}
		}

		if ( $this->query_vars['count'] ) {
			$fields = 'COUNT(*)';
		} else {
			$fields = "$wpdb->comments.comment_ID";
		}

		$post_id = absint( $this->query_vars['post_id'] );
		if ( ! empty( $post_id ) ) {
			$this->sql_clauses['where']['post_id'] = $wpdb->prepare( 'comment_post_ID = %d', $post_id );
		}

		// Parse comment IDs for an IN clause.
		if ( ! empty( $this->query_vars['comment__in'] ) ) {
			$this->sql_clauses['where']['comment__in'] = "$wpdb->comments.comment_ID IN ( " . implode( ',', wp_parse_id_list( $this->query_vars['comment__in'] ) ) . ' )';
		}

		// Parse comment IDs for a NOT IN clause.
		if ( ! empty( $this->query_vars['comment__not_in'] ) ) {
			$this->sql_clauses['where']['comment__not_in'] = "$wpdb->comments.comment_ID NOT IN ( " . implode( ',', wp_parse_id_list( $this->query_vars['comment__not_in'] ) ) . ' )';
		}

		// Parse comment parent IDs for an IN clause.
		if ( ! empty( $this->query_vars['parent__in'] ) ) {
			$this->sql_clauses['where']['parent__in'] = 'comment_parent IN ( ' . implode( ',', wp_parse_id_list( $this->query_vars['parent__in'] ) ) . ' )';
		}

		// Parse comment parent IDs for a NOT IN clause.
		if ( ! empty( $this->query_vars['parent__not_in'] ) ) {
			$this->sql_clauses['where']['parent__not_in'] = 'comment_parent NOT IN ( ' . implode( ',', wp_parse_id_list( $this->query_vars['parent__not_in'] ) ) . ' )';
		}

		// Parse comment post IDs for an IN clause.
		if ( ! empty( $this->query_vars['post__in'] ) ) {
			$this->sql_clauses['where']['post__in'] = 'comment_post_ID IN ( ' . implode( ',', wp_parse_id_list( $this->query_vars['post__in'] ) ) . ' )';
		}

		// Parse comment post IDs for a NOT IN clause.
		if ( ! empty( $this->query_vars['post__not_in'] ) ) {
			$this->sql_clauses['where']['post__not_in'] = 'comment_post_ID NOT IN ( ' . implode( ',', wp_parse_id_list( $this->query_vars['post__not_in'] ) ) . ' )';
		}

		if ( '' !== $this->query_vars['author_email'] ) {
			$this->sql_clauses['where']['author_email'] = $wpdb->prepare( 'comment_author_email = %s', $this->query_vars['author_email'] );
		}

		if ( '' !== $this->query_vars['author_url'] ) {
			$this->sql_clauses['where']['author_url'] = $wpdb->prepare( 'comment_author_url = %s', $this->query_vars['author_url'] );
		}

		if ( '' !== $this->query_vars['karma'] ) {
			$this->sql_clauses['where']['karma'] = $wpdb->prepare( 'comment_karma = %d', $this->query_vars['karma'] );
		}

		// Filtering by comment_type: 'type', 'type__in', 'type__not_in'.
		$raw_types = array(
			'IN'     => array_merge( (array) $this->query_vars['type'], (array) $this->query_vars['type__in'] ),
			'NOT IN' => (array) $this->query_vars['type__not_in'],
		);

		$comment_types = array();
		foreach ( $raw_types as $operator => $_raw_types ) {
			$_raw_types = array_unique( $_raw_types );

			foreach ( $_raw_types as $type ) {
				switch ( $type ) {
					// An empty translates to 'all', for backward compatibility.
					case '':
					case 'all':
						break;

					case 'comment':
					case 'comments':
						$comment_types[ $operator ][] = "''";
						$comment_types[ $operator ][] = "'comment'";
						break;

					case 'pings':
						$comment_types[ $operator ][] = "'pingback'";
						$comment_types[ $operator ][] = "'trackback'";
						break;

					default:
						$comment_types[ $operator ][] = $wpdb->prepare( '%s', $type );
						break;
				}
			}

			if ( ! empty( $comment_types[ $operator ] ) ) {
				$types_sql = implode( ', ', $comment_types[ $operator ] );
				$this->sql_clauses['where'][ 'comment_type__' . strtolower( str_replace( ' ', '_', $operator ) ) ] = "comment_type $operator ($types_sql)";
			}
		}

		$parent = $this->query_vars['parent'];
		if ( $this->query_vars['hierarchical'] && ! $parent ) {
			$parent = 0;
		}

		if ( '' !== $parent ) {
			$this->sql_clauses['where']['parent'] = $wpdb->prepare( 'comment_parent = %d', $parent );
		}

		if ( is_array( $this->query_vars['user_id'] ) ) {
			$this->sql_clauses['where']['user_id'] = 'user_id IN (' . implode( ',', array_map( 'absint', $this->query_vars['user_id'] ) ) . ')';
		} elseif ( '' !== $this->query_vars['user_id'] ) {
			$this->sql_clauses['where']['user_id'] = $wpdb->prepare( 'user_id = %d', $this->query_vars['user_id'] );
		}

		// Falsey search strings are ignored.
		if ( isset( $this->query_vars['search'] ) && strlen( $this->query_vars['search'] ) ) {
			$search_sql = $this->get_search_sql(
				$this->query_vars['search'],
				array( 'comment_author', 'comment_author_email', 'comment_author_url', 'comment_author_IP', 'comment_content' )
			);

			// Strip leading 'AND'.
			$this->sql_clauses['where']['search'] = preg_replace( '/^\s*AND\s*/', '', $search_sql );
		}

		// If any post-related query vars are passed, join the posts table.
		$join_posts_table = false;
		$plucked          = wp_array_slice_assoc( $this->query_vars, array( 'post_author', 'post_name', 'post_parent' ) );
		$post_fields      = array_filter( $plucked );

		if ( ! empty( $post_fields ) ) {
			$join_posts_table = true;
			foreach ( $post_fields as $field_name => $field_value ) {
				// $field_value may be an array.
				$esses = array_fill( 0, count( (array) $field_value ), '%s' );

				// phpcs:ignore WordPress.DB.PreparedSQLPlaceholders.UnfinishedPrepare
				$this->sql_clauses['where'][ $field_name ] = $wpdb->prepare( " {$wpdb->posts}.{$field_name} IN (" . implode( ',', $esses ) . ')', $field_value );
			}
		}

		// 'post_status' and 'post_type' are handled separately, due to the specialized behavior of 'any'.
		foreach ( array( 'post_status', 'post_type' ) as $field_name ) {
			$q_values = array();
			if ( ! empty( $this->query_vars[ $field_name ] ) ) {
				$q_values = $this->query_vars[ $field_name ];
				if ( ! is_array( $q_values ) ) {
					$q_values = explode( ',', $q_values );
				}

				// 'any' will cause the query var to be ignored.
				if ( in_array( 'any', $q_values, true ) || empty( $q_values ) ) {
					continue;
				}

				$join_posts_table = true;

				$esses = array_fill( 0, count( $q_values ), '%s' );

				// phpcs:ignore WordPress.DB.PreparedSQLPlaceholders.UnfinishedPrepare
				$this->sql_clauses['where'][ $field_name ] = $wpdb->prepare( " {$wpdb->posts}.{$field_name} IN (" . implode( ',', $esses ) . ')', $q_values );
			}
		}

		// Comment author IDs for an IN clause.
		if ( ! empty( $this->query_vars['author__in'] ) ) {
			$this->sql_clauses['where']['author__in'] = 'user_id IN ( ' . implode( ',', wp_parse_id_list( $this->query_vars['author__in'] ) ) . ' )';
		}

		// Comment author IDs for a NOT IN clause.
		if ( ! empty( $this->query_vars['author__not_in'] ) ) {
			$this->sql_clauses['where']['author__not_in'] = 'user_id NOT IN ( ' . implode( ',', wp_parse_id_list( $this->query_vars['author__not_in'] ) ) . ' )';
		}

		// Post author IDs for an IN clause.
		if ( ! empty( $this->query_vars['post_author__in'] ) ) {
			$join_posts_table                              = true;
			$this->sql_clauses['where']['post_author__in'] = 'post_author IN ( ' . implode( ',', wp_parse_id_list( $this->query_vars['post_author__in'] ) ) . ' )';
		}

		// Post author IDs for a NOT IN clause.
		if ( ! empty( $this->query_vars['post_author__not_in'] ) ) {
			$join_posts_table                                  = true;
			$this->sql_clauses['where']['post_author__not_in'] = 'post_author NOT IN ( ' . implode( ',', wp_parse_id_list( $this->query_vars['post_author__not_in'] ) ) . ' )';
		}

		$join    = '';
		$groupby = '';

		if ( $join_posts_table ) {
			$join .= "JOIN $wpdb->posts ON $wpdb->posts.ID = $wpdb->comments.comment_post_ID";
		}

		if ( ! empty( $this->meta_query_clauses ) ) {
			$join .= $this->meta_query_clauses['join'];

			// Strip leading 'AND'.
			$this->sql_clauses['where']['meta_query'] = preg_replace( '/^\s*AND\s*/', '', $this->meta_query_clauses['where'] );

			if ( ! $this->query_vars['count'] ) {
				$groupby = "{$wpdb->comments}.comment_ID";
			}
		}

		if ( ! empty( $this->query_vars['date_query'] ) && is_array( $this->query_vars['date_query'] ) ) {
			$this->date_query = new WP_Date_Query( $this->query_vars['date_query'], 'comment_date' );

			// Strip leading 'AND'.
			$this->sql_clauses['where']['date_query'] = preg_replace( '/^\s*AND\s*/', '', $this->date_query->get_sql() );
		}

		$where = implode( ' AND ', $this->sql_clauses['where'] );

		$pieces = array( 'fields', 'join', 'where', 'orderby', 'limits', 'groupby' );

		/**
		 * Filters the comment query clauses.
		 *
		 * @since 3.1.0
		 *
		 * @param string[]         $clauses {
		 *     Associative array of the clauses for the query.
		 *
		 *     @type string $fields   The SELECT clause of the query.
		 *     @type string $join     The JOIN clause of the query.
		 *     @type string $where    The WHERE clause of the query.
		 *     @type string $orderby  The ORDER BY clause of the query.
		 *     @type string $limits   The LIMIT clause of the query.
		 *     @type string $groupby  The GROUP BY clause of the query.
		 * }
		 * @param WP_Comment_Query $query   Current instance of WP_Comment_Query (passed by reference).
		 */
		$clauses = apply_filters_ref_array( 'comments_clauses', array( compact( $pieces ), &$this ) );

		$fields  = isset( $clauses['fields'] ) ? $clauses['fields'] : '';
		$join    = isset( $clauses['join'] ) ? $clauses['join'] : '';
		$where   = isset( $clauses['where'] ) ? $clauses['where'] : '';
		$orderby = isset( $clauses['orderby'] ) ? $clauses['orderby'] : '';
		$limits  = isset( $clauses['limits'] ) ? $clauses['limits'] : '';
		$groupby = isset( $clauses['groupby'] ) ? $clauses['groupby'] : '';

		$this->filtered_where_clause = $where;

		if ( $where ) {
			$where = 'WHERE ' . $where;
		}

		if ( $groupby ) {
			$groupby = 'GROUP BY ' . $groupby;
		}

		if ( $orderby ) {
			$orderby = "ORDER BY $orderby";
		}

		$found_rows = '';
		if ( ! $this->query_vars['no_found_rows'] ) {
			$found_rows = 'SQL_CALC_FOUND_ROWS';
		}

		$this->sql_clauses['select']  = "SELECT $found_rows $fields";
		$this->sql_clauses['from']    = "FROM $wpdb->comments $join";
		$this->sql_clauses['groupby'] = $groupby;
		$this->sql_clauses['orderby'] = $orderby;
		$this->sql_clauses['limits']  = $limits;

		// Beginning of the string is on a new line to prevent leading whitespace. See https://core.trac.wordpress.org/ticket/56841.
		$this->request =
			"{$this->sql_clauses['select']}
			 {$this->sql_clauses['from']}
			 {$where}
			 {$this->sql_clauses['groupby']}
			 {$this->sql_clauses['orderby']}
			 {$this->sql_clauses['limits']}";

		if ( $this->query_vars['count'] ) {
			return (int) $wpdb->get_var( $this->request );
		} else {
			$comment_ids = $wpdb->get_col( $this->request );
			return array_map( 'intval', $comment_ids );
		}
	}

	/**
	 * Populates found_comments and max_num_pages properties for the current
	 * query if the limit clause was used.
	 *
	 * @since 4.6.0
	 *
	 * @global wpdb $wpdb WordPress database abstraction object.
	 */
	private function set_found_comments() {
		global $wpdb;

		if ( $this->query_vars['number'] && ! $this->query_vars['no_found_rows'] ) {
			/**
			 * Filters the query used to retrieve found comment count.
			 *
			 * @since 4.4.0
			 *
			 * @param string           $found_comments_query SQL query. Default 'SELECT FOUND_ROWS()'.
			 * @param WP_Comment_Query $comment_query        The `WP_Comment_Query` instance.
			 */
			$found_comments_query = apply_filters( 'found_comments_query', 'SELECT FOUND_ROWS()', $this );

			$this->found_comments = (int) $wpdb->get_var( $found_comments_query );
		}
	}

	/**
	 * Fetch descendants for located comments.
	 *
	 * Instead of calling `get_children()` separately on each child comment, we do a single set of queries to fetch
	 * the descendant trees for all matched top-level comments.
	 *
	 * @since 4.4.0
	 *
	 * @param WP_Comment[] $comments Array of top-level comments whose descendants should be filled in.
	 * @return array
	 */
	protected function fill_descendants( $comments ) {
		$levels = array(
			0 => wp_list_pluck( $comments, 'comment_ID' ),
		);

		$key          = md5( serialize( wp_array_slice_assoc( $this->query_vars, array_keys( $this->query_var_defaults ) ) ) );
		$last_changed = wp_cache_get_last_changed( 'comment' );

		// Fetch an entire level of the descendant tree at a time.
		$level        = 0;
		$exclude_keys = array( 'parent', 'parent__in', 'parent__not_in' );
		do {
			// Parent-child relationships may be cached. Only query for those that are not.
			$child_ids           = array();
			$uncached_parent_ids = array();
			$_parent_ids         = $levels[ $level ];
			if ( $_parent_ids ) {
				$cache_keys = array();
				foreach ( $_parent_ids as $parent_id ) {
					$cache_keys[ $parent_id ] = "get_comment_child_ids:$parent_id:$key:$last_changed";
				}
				$cache_data = wp_cache_get_multiple( array_values( $cache_keys ), 'comment-queries' );
				foreach ( $_parent_ids as $parent_id ) {
					$parent_child_ids = $cache_data[ $cache_keys[ $parent_id ] ];
					if ( false !== $parent_child_ids ) {
						$child_ids = array_merge( $child_ids, $parent_child_ids );
					} else {
						$uncached_parent_ids[] = $parent_id;
					}
				}
			}

			if ( $uncached_parent_ids ) {
				// Fetch this level of comments.
				$parent_query_args = $this->query_vars;
				foreach ( $exclude_keys as $exclude_key ) {
					$parent_query_args[ $exclude_key ] = '';
				}
				$parent_query_args['parent__in']    = $uncached_parent_ids;
				$parent_query_args['no_found_rows'] = true;
				$parent_query_args['hierarchical']  = false;
				$parent_query_args['offset']        = 0;
				$parent_query_args['number']        = 0;

				$level_comments = get_comments( $parent_query_args );

				// Cache parent-child relationships.
				$parent_map = array_fill_keys( $uncached_parent_ids, array() );
				foreach ( $level_comments as $level_comment ) {
					$parent_map[ $level_comment->comment_parent ][] = $level_comment->comment_ID;
					$child_ids[]                                    = $level_comment->comment_ID;
				}

				$data = array();
				foreach ( $parent_map as $parent_id => $children ) {
					$cache_key          = "get_comment_child_ids:$parent_id:$key:$last_changed";
					$data[ $cache_key ] = $children;
				}
				wp_cache_set_multiple( $data, 'comment-queries' );
			}

			++$level;
			$levels[ $level ] = $child_ids;
		} while ( $child_ids );

		// Prime comment caches for non-top-level comments.
		$descendant_ids = array();
		for ( $i = 1, $c = count( $levels ); $i < $c; $i++ ) {
			$descendant_ids = array_merge( $descendant_ids, $levels[ $i ] );
		}

		_prime_comment_caches( $descendant_ids, $this->query_vars['update_comment_meta_cache'] );

		// Assemble a flat array of all comments + descendants.
		$all_comments = $comments;
		foreach ( $descendant_ids as $descendant_id ) {
			$all_comments[] = get_comment( $descendant_id );
		}

		// If a threaded representation was requested, build the tree.
		if ( 'threaded' === $this->query_vars['hierarchical'] ) {
			$threaded_comments = array();
			$ref               = array();
			foreach ( $all_comments as $k => $c ) {
				$_c = get_comment( $c->comment_ID );

				// If the comment isn't in the reference array, it goes in the top level of the thread.
				if ( ! isset( $ref[ $c->comment_parent ] ) ) {
					$threaded_comments[ $_c->comment_ID ] = $_c;
					$ref[ $_c->comment_ID ]               = $threaded_comments[ $_c->comment_ID ];

					// Otherwise, set it as a child of its parent.
				} else {

					$ref[ $_c->comment_parent ]->add_child( $_c );
					$ref[ $_c->comment_ID ] = $ref[ $_c->comment_parent ]->get_child( $_c->comment_ID );
				}
			}

			// Set the 'populated_children' flag, to ensure additional database queries aren't run.
			foreach ( $ref as $_ref ) {
				$_ref->populated_children( true );
			}

			$comments = $threaded_comments;
		} else {
			$comments = $all_comments;
		}

		return $comments;
	}

	/**
	 * Used internally to generate an SQL string for searching across multiple columns.
	 *
	 * @since 3.1.0
	 *
	 * @global wpdb $wpdb WordPress database abstraction object.
	 *
	 * @param string   $search  Search string.
	 * @param string[] $columns Array of columns to search.
	 * @return string Search SQL.
	 */
	protected function get_search_sql( $search, $columns ) {
		global $wpdb;

		$like = '%' . $wpdb->esc_like( $search ) . '%';

		$searches = array();
		foreach ( $columns as $column ) {
			$searches[] = $wpdb->prepare( "$column LIKE %s", $like );
		}

		return ' AND (' . implode( ' OR ', $searches ) . ')';
	}

	/**
	 * Parse and sanitize 'orderby' keys passed to the comment query.
	 *
	 * @since 4.2.0
	 *
	 * @global wpdb $wpdb WordPress database abstraction object.
	 *
	 * @param string $orderby Alias for the field to order by.
	 * @return string|false Value to used in the ORDER clause. False otherwise.
	 */
	protected function parse_orderby( $orderby ) {
		global $wpdb;

		$allowed_keys = array(
			'comment_agent',
			'comment_approved',
			'comment_author',
			'comment_author_email',
			'comment_author_IP',
			'comment_author_url',
			'comment_content',
			'comment_date',
			'comment_date_gmt',
			'comment_ID',
			'comment_karma',
			'comment_parent',
			'comment_post_ID',
			'comment_type',
			'user_id',
		);

		if ( ! empty( $this->query_vars['meta_key'] ) ) {
			$allowed_keys[] = $this->query_vars['meta_key'];
			$allowed_keys[] = 'meta_value';
			$allowed_keys[] = 'meta_value_num';
		}

		$meta_query_clauses = $this->meta_query->get_clauses();
		if ( $meta_query_clauses ) {
			$allowed_keys = array_merge( $allowed_keys, array_keys( $meta_query_clauses ) );
		}

		$parsed = false;
		if ( $this->query_vars['meta_key'] === $orderby || 'meta_value' === $orderby ) {
			$parsed = "$wpdb->commentmeta.meta_value";
		} elseif ( 'meta_value_num' === $orderby ) {
			$parsed = "$wpdb->commentmeta.meta_value+0";
		} elseif ( 'comment__in' === $orderby ) {
			$comment__in = implode( ',', array_map( 'absint', $this->query_vars['comment__in'] ) );
			$parsed      = "FIELD( {$wpdb->comments}.comment_ID, $comment__in )";
		} elseif ( in_array( $orderby, $allowed_keys, true ) ) {

			if ( isset( $meta_query_clauses[ $orderby ] ) ) {
				$meta_clause = $meta_query_clauses[ $orderby ];
				$parsed      = sprintf( 'CAST(%s.meta_value AS %s)', esc_sql( $meta_clause['alias'] ), esc_sql( $meta_clause['cast'] ) );
			} else {
				$parsed = "$wpdb->comments.$orderby";
			}
		}

		return $parsed;
	}

	/**
	 * Parse an 'order' query variable and cast it to ASC or DESC as necessary.
	 *
	 * @since 4.2.0
	 *
	 * @param string $order The 'order' query variable.
	 * @return string The sanitized 'order' query variable.
	 */
	protected function parse_order( $order ) {
		if ( ! is_string( $order ) || empty( $order ) ) {
			return 'DESC';
		}

		if ( 'ASC' === strtoupper( $order ) ) {
			return 'ASC';
		} else {
			return 'DESC';
		}
	}
}
7 motivi per cui i casinò online non AAMS stanno conquistando il mercato del gioco!

7 motivi per cui i casinò online non AAMS stanno conquistando il mercato del gioco!

7 motivi per cui i casinò online non AAMS stanno conquistando il mercato del gioco!

I casinò online non AAMS stanno rapidamente guadagnando popolarità nell’industria del gioco d’azzardo. Questa crescente tendenza è alimentata da vari fattori che attraggono giocatori da tutto il mondo. A differenza dei casinò tradizionali e delle piattaforme autorizzate da AAMS, i casinò online non AAMS offrono un’esperienza unica, caratterizzata da maggiore flessibilità e una vasta gamma di opzioni di gioco. In questo articolo, esploreremo sette motivi principali per cui questi casinò stanno conquistando il mercato del gioco online.

Molti giocatori italiani si stanno orientando verso queste piattaforme per sfuggire alle rigide normative imposte da AAMS, cercando libertà e opportunità migliori. Le offerte bonus e le promozioni vantaggiose sono solo alcune delle attrattive che i casinò non AAMS presentano, creando un’attraente alternativa per i giocatori. Inoltre, la tecnologia moderna ha reso l’accesso a questi casinò più facile che mai, permettendo ai giocatori di divertirsi ovunque e in qualsiasi momento.

In questo articolo, approfondiremo vari aspetti dei casinò online non AAMS, analizzando non solo le loro caratteristiche distintive, ma anche i vantaggi e i rischi associati.

La libertà di scelta

Una delle principali attrattive dei casinò online non AAMS è la libertà di scelta che offrono ai giocatori. Mentre i casinò autorizzati da AAMS sono vincolati a normative rigorose, le piattaforme non AAMS possono offrire giochi più vari e innovativi, senza le limitazioni imposte dalle autorità. Questo significa che i giocatori possono accedere a titoli esclusivi e rivisitati, aumentando così le possibilità di divertimento e vincita.

Inoltre, la varietà di modalità di pagamento è molto più ampia. I giocatori possono utilizzare criptovalute, portafogli elettronici e altri metodi alternativi che non sono sempre disponibili in casinò regolamentati. Questo non solo garantisce un maggiore livello di privacy, ma offre anche un modo più conveniente per depositare e prelevare fondi.

Tipo di Gioco
Disponibilità nei Casinò AAMS
Disponibilità nei Casinò non AAMS
Slot machine Limitate Molteplici e variegate
Live Casino Limitato Molto ampio
Giochi da tavolo Standardizzati Varie varianti

Promozioni allettanti

I casinò online non AAMS spesso offrono promozioni più generose rispetto ai concorrenti autorizzati. Bonus di benvenuto, promozioni settimanali e programmi fedeltà sono solo alcune delle offerte che attirano i giocatori. Queste promozioni migliorano significativamente l’esperienza di gioco, fornendo ulteriori fondi per scommettere e aumentando le possibilità di vincita.

Le promozioni sono frequentemente cambiate e adattate per mantenere un alto livello di interesse tra i giocatori. Questo stimola una competizione sana tra le piattaforme, migliorando ulteriormente le offerte per i giocatori. Inoltre, i casinò non AAMS tendono ad avere requisiti di scommessa meno severi, consentendo ai giocatori di ritirare le vincite in modo più semplice.

Esperienza utente migliorata

Un altro fattore che contribuisce al successo dei casinò online non AAMS è l’ottimizzazione dell’esperienza utente. Le piattaforme si concentrano molto sul design e sulla navigabilità, offrendo interfacce intuitive e grafiche accattivanti. Questo rende più semplice per i giocatori trovare i loro giochi preferiti e divertirsi senza ostacoli. Inoltre, l’assistenza clienti è generalmente disponibile 24/7, conferendo un ulteriore valore all’esperienza di gioco.

I casinò non AAMS si prendono cura dei propri clienti, fornendo check-up periodici sulla sicurezza e l’affidabilità delle loro piattaforme. Questa attenzione alle esigenze degli utenti contribuisce a costruire la fiducia e a mantenere un’utenza fedele.

Accessibilità da qualsiasi dispositivo

La tecnologia avanzata ha reso i casinò online non AAMS facilmente accessibili da qualsiasi dispositivo, siano essi computer, tablet o smartphone. Gli sviluppatori investono costantemente nell’ottimizzazione delle loro piattaforme per assicurare che il gioco sia fluido e coinvolgente, indipendentemente dal dispositivo utilizzato. Questo fattore ha reso il gioco d’azzardo online più pratico e comodo per una vasta gamma di utenti.

L’accessibilità è un aspetto cruciale che ha contribuito all’espansione di queste piattaforme. I giocatori possono divertirsi ovunque si trovino, eliminando la necessità di visitare un casinò fisico. In questo scenario di crescente mobilità, i casinò online non AAMS si dimostrano vincenti.

Vantaggi delle criptovalute

Con l’avvento delle criptovalute, molti casinò online non AAMS hanno iniziato ad accettare questo metodo di pagamento innovativo. L’uso di criptovalute non solo garantisce maggiore privacy, ma offre anche transazioni più veloci e sicure. Questo ha attirato un numero sempre crescente di giocatori, che apprezzano la flessibilità e la comodità di utilizzare criptovalute per le loro scommesse.

Le piattaforme offrono anche bonus specifici per i depositi in criptovaluta, il che rende questa modalità ancora più allettante. Questi incentivi non solo attraggono nuovi giocatori, ma hanno anche reso le criptovalute una scelta popolare tra quelli già affermati nel mercato del gioco.

  1. Privacy durante le transazioni
  2. Velocità di prelievo
  3. Offerte esclusive per gli utenti cripto

Sicurezza e protezione dei dati

La sicurezza è un tema cruciale per qualsiasi giocatore online. I casinò online non AAMS investono notevoli risorse per garantire sicurezza e protezione dei dati ai loro utenti. Utilizzano tecnologie avanzate di crittografia e misure di sicurezza per proteggere le informazioni personali e finanziarie.

Inoltre, molte piattaforme forniscono report e audit regolari da enti indipendenti, contribuendo a costruire fiducia tra i loro utenti. Questo approccio proattivo alla sicurezza attrae anche giocatori scettici, che possono sentirsi più a loro agio nel giocare su siti non regolamentati.

Le sfide da affrontare

Nonostante i numerosi vantaggi, i casinò online non AAMS affrontano anche delle sfide significative. La mancanza di una regolamentazione formale può portare a domande sulla legalità e l’affidabilità di queste piattaforme. I giocatori potrebbero essere preoccupati riguardo alla chance di frode o di non ricevere le loro vincite. È essenziale che i giocatori siano ben informati e conducano ricerche approfondite prima di registrarsi su una nuova piattaforma.

Inoltre, la concorrenza tra le piattaforme è intensa. Solo coloro che offrono le migliori esperienze e vantaggi in assoluto potranno continuare a prosperare nel lungo termine. Le aziende devono adattarsi rapidamente alle esigenze in evoluzione dei giocatori e rimanere al passo con le nuove tecnologie per restare competitive.

Chiarimenti sui Casinò Non AAMS
Aspetti Positivi
Rischi
Libertà di gioco Offerte generose Mancanza di regolamenti
Varietà di giochi Ampia gamma di metodi di pagamento Qualità del servizio clienti
Sicurezza Accesso alle criptovalute Possibili frodi

Il futuro dei casinò online non AAMS

Il futuro dei casinò online non AAMS appare promettente e dinamico. Con l’adozione di nuove tecnologie e strumenti, queste piattaforme continueranno a evolvere e a soddisfare le esigenze in continua mutazione dei loro utenti. L’apertura a metodi di pagamento innovativi, come le criptovalute, e l’ottimizzazione dell’esperienza utente saranno le chiavi per attrarre un pubblico sempre più variegato.

Con le giuste strategie e investimenti, i casinò online non AAMS potrebbero continuare a conquistare il mercato a discapito delle tradizionali piattaforme AAMS. In questo ambiente in rapida evoluzione, i giocatori sono avvisati a rimanere informati e a considerare i pro e i contro prima di decidere dove giocare.

In sintesi, i casinò online non AAMS stanno rapidamente guadagnando terreno nel panorama del gioco d’azzardo. Grazie alla loro offerta unica e ai vantaggi sostanziali, attirano sempre più giocatori. Con adeguati investimenti nella sicurezza e nell’innovazione, queste piattaforme hanno il potenziale per dominare il mercato nei prossimi anni.

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