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<?php
/**
 * Network API: WP_Network_Query class
 *
 * @package WordPress
 * @subpackage Multisite
 * @since 4.6.0
 */

/**
 * Core class used for querying networks.
 *
 * @since 4.6.0
 *
 * @see WP_Network_Query::__construct() for accepted arguments.
 */
#[AllowDynamicProperties]
class WP_Network_Query {

	/**
	 * SQL for database query.
	 *
	 * @since 4.6.0
	 * @var string
	 */
	public $request;

	/**
	 * SQL query clauses.
	 *
	 * @since 4.6.0
	 * @var array
	 */
	protected $sql_clauses = array(
		'select'  => '',
		'from'    => '',
		'where'   => array(),
		'groupby' => '',
		'orderby' => '',
		'limits'  => '',
	);

	/**
	 * Query vars set by the user.
	 *
	 * @since 4.6.0
	 * @var array
	 */
	public $query_vars;

	/**
	 * Default values for query vars.
	 *
	 * @since 4.6.0
	 * @var array
	 */
	public $query_var_defaults;

	/**
	 * List of networks located by the query.
	 *
	 * @since 4.6.0
	 * @var array
	 */
	public $networks;

	/**
	 * The amount of found networks for the current query.
	 *
	 * @since 4.6.0
	 * @var int
	 */
	public $found_networks = 0;

	/**
	 * The number of pages.
	 *
	 * @since 4.6.0
	 * @var int
	 */
	public $max_num_pages = 0;

	/**
	 * Constructor.
	 *
	 * Sets up the network query, based on the query vars passed.
	 *
	 * @since 4.6.0
	 *
	 * @param string|array $query {
	 *     Optional. Array or query string of network query parameters. Default empty.
	 *
	 *     @type int[]        $network__in          Array of network IDs to include. Default empty.
	 *     @type int[]        $network__not_in      Array of network IDs to exclude. Default empty.
	 *     @type bool         $count                Whether to return a network count (true) or array of network objects.
	 *                                              Default false.
	 *     @type string       $fields               Network fields to return. Accepts 'ids' (returns an array of network IDs)
	 *                                              or empty (returns an array of complete network objects). Default empty.
	 *     @type int          $number               Maximum number of networks to retrieve. Default empty (no limit).
	 *     @type int          $offset               Number of networks to offset the query. Used to build LIMIT clause.
	 *                                              Default 0.
	 *     @type bool         $no_found_rows        Whether to disable the `SQL_CALC_FOUND_ROWS` query. Default true.
	 *     @type string|array $orderby              Network status or array of statuses. Accepts 'id', 'domain', 'path',
	 *                                              'domain_length', 'path_length' and 'network__in'. Also accepts false,
	 *                                              an empty array, or 'none' to disable `ORDER BY` clause. Default 'id'.
	 *     @type string       $order                How to order retrieved networks. Accepts 'ASC', 'DESC'. Default 'ASC'.
	 *     @type string       $domain               Limit results to those affiliated with a given domain. Default empty.
	 *     @type string[]     $domain__in           Array of domains to include affiliated networks for. Default empty.
	 *     @type string[]     $domain__not_in       Array of domains to exclude affiliated networks for. Default empty.
	 *     @type string       $path                 Limit results to those affiliated with a given path. Default empty.
	 *     @type string[]     $path__in             Array of paths to include affiliated networks for. Default empty.
	 *     @type string[]     $path__not_in         Array of paths to exclude affiliated networks for. Default empty.
	 *     @type string       $search               Search term(s) to retrieve matching networks for. Default empty.
	 *     @type bool         $update_network_cache Whether to prime the cache for found networks. Default true.
	 * }
	 */
	public function __construct( $query = '' ) {
		$this->query_var_defaults = array(
			'network__in'          => '',
			'network__not_in'      => '',
			'count'                => false,
			'fields'               => '',
			'number'               => '',
			'offset'               => '',
			'no_found_rows'        => true,
			'orderby'              => 'id',
			'order'                => 'ASC',
			'domain'               => '',
			'domain__in'           => '',
			'domain__not_in'       => '',
			'path'                 => '',
			'path__in'             => '',
			'path__not_in'         => '',
			'search'               => '',
			'update_network_cache' => true,
		);

		if ( ! empty( $query ) ) {
			$this->query( $query );
		}
	}

	/**
	 * Parses arguments passed to the network query with default query parameters.
	 *
	 * @since 4.6.0
	 *
	 * @param string|array $query WP_Network_Query arguments. See WP_Network_Query::__construct() for accepted arguments.
	 */
	public function parse_query( $query = '' ) {
		if ( empty( $query ) ) {
			$query = $this->query_vars;
		}

		$this->query_vars = wp_parse_args( $query, $this->query_var_defaults );

		/**
		 * Fires after the network query vars have been parsed.
		 *
		 * @since 4.6.0
		 *
		 * @param WP_Network_Query $query The WP_Network_Query instance (passed by reference).
		 */
		do_action_ref_array( 'parse_network_query', array( &$this ) );
	}

	/**
	 * Sets up the WordPress query for retrieving networks.
	 *
	 * @since 4.6.0
	 *
	 * @param string|array $query Array or URL query string of parameters.
	 * @return array|int List of WP_Network objects, a list of network IDs when 'fields' is set to 'ids',
	 *                   or the number of networks when 'count' is passed as a query var.
	 */
	public function query( $query ) {
		$this->query_vars = wp_parse_args( $query );
		return $this->get_networks();
	}

	/**
	 * Gets a list of networks matching the query vars.
	 *
	 * @since 4.6.0
	 *
	 * @return array|int List of WP_Network objects, a list of network IDs when 'fields' is set to 'ids',
	 *                   or the number of networks when 'count' is passed as a query var.
	 */
	public function get_networks() {
		$this->parse_query();

		/**
		 * Fires before networks are retrieved.
		 *
		 * @since 4.6.0
		 *
		 * @param WP_Network_Query $query Current instance of WP_Network_Query (passed by reference).
		 */
		do_action_ref_array( 'pre_get_networks', array( &$this ) );

		$network_data = null;

		/**
		 * Filters the network data before the query takes place.
		 *
		 * Return a non-null value to bypass WordPress' default network queries.
		 *
		 * The expected return type from this filter depends on the value passed
		 * in the request query vars:
		 * - When `$this->query_vars['count']` is set, the filter should return
		 *   the network count as an integer.
		 * - When `'ids' === $this->query_vars['fields']`, the filter should return
		 *   an array of network IDs.
		 * - Otherwise the filter should return an array of WP_Network objects.
		 *
		 * Note that if the filter returns an array of network data, it will be assigned
		 * to the `networks` property of the current WP_Network_Query instance.
		 *
		 * Filtering functions that require pagination information are encouraged to set
		 * the `found_networks` and `max_num_pages` properties of the WP_Network_Query object,
		 * passed to the filter by reference. If WP_Network_Query does not perform a database
		 * query, it will not have enough information to generate these values itself.
		 *
		 * @since 5.2.0
		 * @since 5.6.0 The returned array of network data is assigned to the `networks` property
		 *              of the current WP_Network_Query instance.
		 *
		 * @param array|int|null   $network_data Return an array of network data to short-circuit WP's network query,
		 *                                       the network count as an integer if `$this->query_vars['count']` is set,
		 *                                       or null to allow WP to run its normal queries.
		 * @param WP_Network_Query $query        The WP_Network_Query instance, passed by reference.
		 */
		$network_data = apply_filters_ref_array( 'networks_pre_query', array( $network_data, &$this ) );

		if ( null !== $network_data ) {
			if ( is_array( $network_data ) && ! $this->query_vars['count'] ) {
				$this->networks = $network_data;
			}

			return $network_data;
		}

		// $args can include anything. Only use the args defined in the query_var_defaults to compute the key.
		$_args = wp_array_slice_assoc( $this->query_vars, array_keys( $this->query_var_defaults ) );

		// Ignore the $fields, $update_network_cache arguments as the queried result will be the same regardless.
		unset( $_args['fields'], $_args['update_network_cache'] );

		$key          = md5( serialize( $_args ) );
		$last_changed = wp_cache_get_last_changed( 'networks' );

		$cache_key   = "get_network_ids:$key:$last_changed";
		$cache_value = wp_cache_get( $cache_key, 'network-queries' );

		if ( false === $cache_value ) {
			$network_ids = $this->get_network_ids();
			if ( $network_ids ) {
				$this->set_found_networks();
			}

			$cache_value = array(
				'network_ids'    => $network_ids,
				'found_networks' => $this->found_networks,
			);
			wp_cache_add( $cache_key, $cache_value, 'network-queries' );
		} else {
			$network_ids          = $cache_value['network_ids'];
			$this->found_networks = $cache_value['found_networks'];
		}

		if ( $this->found_networks && $this->query_vars['number'] ) {
			$this->max_num_pages = (int) ceil( $this->found_networks / $this->query_vars['number'] );
		}

		// If querying for a count only, there's nothing more to do.
		if ( $this->query_vars['count'] ) {
			// $network_ids is actually a count in this case.
			return (int) $network_ids;
		}

		$network_ids = array_map( 'intval', $network_ids );

		if ( 'ids' === $this->query_vars['fields'] ) {
			$this->networks = $network_ids;
			return $this->networks;
		}

		if ( $this->query_vars['update_network_cache'] ) {
			_prime_network_caches( $network_ids );
		}

		// Fetch full network objects from the primed cache.
		$_networks = array();
		foreach ( $network_ids as $network_id ) {
			$_network = get_network( $network_id );
			if ( $_network ) {
				$_networks[] = $_network;
			}
		}

		/**
		 * Filters the network query results.
		 *
		 * @since 4.6.0
		 *
		 * @param WP_Network[]     $_networks An array of WP_Network objects.
		 * @param WP_Network_Query $query     Current instance of WP_Network_Query (passed by reference).
		 */
		$_networks = apply_filters_ref_array( 'the_networks', array( $_networks, &$this ) );

		// Convert to WP_Network instances.
		$this->networks = array_map( 'get_network', $_networks );

		return $this->networks;
	}

	/**
	 * Used internally to get a list of network IDs matching the query vars.
	 *
	 * @since 4.6.0
	 *
	 * @global wpdb $wpdb WordPress database abstraction object.
	 *
	 * @return int|array A single count of network IDs if a count query. An array of network IDs if a full query.
	 */
	protected function get_network_ids() {
		global $wpdb;

		$order = $this->parse_order( $this->query_vars['order'] );

		// Disable ORDER BY with 'none', an empty array, or boolean false.
		if ( in_array( $this->query_vars['orderby'], array( 'none', array(), false ), true ) ) {
			$orderby = '';
		} elseif ( ! empty( $this->query_vars['orderby'] ) ) {
			$ordersby = is_array( $this->query_vars['orderby'] ) ?
				$this->query_vars['orderby'] :
				preg_split( '/[,\s]/', $this->query_vars['orderby'] );

			$orderby_array = array();
			foreach ( $ordersby as $_key => $_value ) {
				if ( ! $_value ) {
					continue;
				}

				if ( is_int( $_key ) ) {
					$_orderby = $_value;
					$_order   = $order;
				} else {
					$_orderby = $_key;
					$_order   = $_value;
				}

				$parsed = $this->parse_orderby( $_orderby );

				if ( ! $parsed ) {
					continue;
				}

				if ( 'network__in' === $_orderby ) {
					$orderby_array[] = $parsed;
					continue;
				}

				$orderby_array[] = $parsed . ' ' . $this->parse_order( $_order );
			}

			$orderby = implode( ', ', $orderby_array );
		} else {
			$orderby = "$wpdb->site.id $order";
		}

		$number = absint( $this->query_vars['number'] );
		$offset = absint( $this->query_vars['offset'] );
		$limits = '';

		if ( ! empty( $number ) ) {
			if ( $offset ) {
				$limits = 'LIMIT ' . $offset . ',' . $number;
			} else {
				$limits = 'LIMIT ' . $number;
			}
		}

		if ( $this->query_vars['count'] ) {
			$fields = 'COUNT(*)';
		} else {
			$fields = "$wpdb->site.id";
		}

		// Parse network IDs for an IN clause.
		if ( ! empty( $this->query_vars['network__in'] ) ) {
			$this->sql_clauses['where']['network__in'] = "$wpdb->site.id IN ( " . implode( ',', wp_parse_id_list( $this->query_vars['network__in'] ) ) . ' )';
		}

		// Parse network IDs for a NOT IN clause.
		if ( ! empty( $this->query_vars['network__not_in'] ) ) {
			$this->sql_clauses['where']['network__not_in'] = "$wpdb->site.id NOT IN ( " . implode( ',', wp_parse_id_list( $this->query_vars['network__not_in'] ) ) . ' )';
		}

		if ( ! empty( $this->query_vars['domain'] ) ) {
			$this->sql_clauses['where']['domain'] = $wpdb->prepare( "$wpdb->site.domain = %s", $this->query_vars['domain'] );
		}

		// Parse network domain for an IN clause.
		if ( is_array( $this->query_vars['domain__in'] ) ) {
			$this->sql_clauses['where']['domain__in'] = "$wpdb->site.domain IN ( '" . implode( "', '", $wpdb->_escape( $this->query_vars['domain__in'] ) ) . "' )";
		}

		// Parse network domain for a NOT IN clause.
		if ( is_array( $this->query_vars['domain__not_in'] ) ) {
			$this->sql_clauses['where']['domain__not_in'] = "$wpdb->site.domain NOT IN ( '" . implode( "', '", $wpdb->_escape( $this->query_vars['domain__not_in'] ) ) . "' )";
		}

		if ( ! empty( $this->query_vars['path'] ) ) {
			$this->sql_clauses['where']['path'] = $wpdb->prepare( "$wpdb->site.path = %s", $this->query_vars['path'] );
		}

		// Parse network path for an IN clause.
		if ( is_array( $this->query_vars['path__in'] ) ) {
			$this->sql_clauses['where']['path__in'] = "$wpdb->site.path IN ( '" . implode( "', '", $wpdb->_escape( $this->query_vars['path__in'] ) ) . "' )";
		}

		// Parse network path for a NOT IN clause.
		if ( is_array( $this->query_vars['path__not_in'] ) ) {
			$this->sql_clauses['where']['path__not_in'] = "$wpdb->site.path NOT IN ( '" . implode( "', '", $wpdb->_escape( $this->query_vars['path__not_in'] ) ) . "' )";
		}

		// Falsey search strings are ignored.
		if ( strlen( $this->query_vars['search'] ) ) {
			$this->sql_clauses['where']['search'] = $this->get_search_sql(
				$this->query_vars['search'],
				array( "$wpdb->site.domain", "$wpdb->site.path" )
			);
		}

		$join = '';

		$where = implode( ' AND ', $this->sql_clauses['where'] );

		$groupby = '';

		$pieces = array( 'fields', 'join', 'where', 'orderby', 'limits', 'groupby' );

		/**
		 * Filters the network query clauses.
		 *
		 * @since 4.6.0
		 *
		 * @param string[]         $clauses {
		 *     Associative array of the clauses for the query.
		 *
		 *     @type string $fields   The SELECT clause of the query.
		 *     @type string $join     The JOIN clause of the query.
		 *     @type string $where    The WHERE clause of the query.
		 *     @type string $orderby  The ORDER BY clause of the query.
		 *     @type string $limits   The LIMIT clause of the query.
		 *     @type string $groupby  The GROUP BY clause of the query.
		 * }
		 * @param WP_Network_Query $query   Current instance of WP_Network_Query (passed by reference).
		 */
		$clauses = apply_filters_ref_array( 'networks_clauses', array( compact( $pieces ), &$this ) );

		$fields  = isset( $clauses['fields'] ) ? $clauses['fields'] : '';
		$join    = isset( $clauses['join'] ) ? $clauses['join'] : '';
		$where   = isset( $clauses['where'] ) ? $clauses['where'] : '';
		$orderby = isset( $clauses['orderby'] ) ? $clauses['orderby'] : '';
		$limits  = isset( $clauses['limits'] ) ? $clauses['limits'] : '';
		$groupby = isset( $clauses['groupby'] ) ? $clauses['groupby'] : '';

		if ( $where ) {
			$where = 'WHERE ' . $where;
		}

		if ( $groupby ) {
			$groupby = 'GROUP BY ' . $groupby;
		}

		if ( $orderby ) {
			$orderby = "ORDER BY $orderby";
		}

		$found_rows = '';
		if ( ! $this->query_vars['no_found_rows'] ) {
			$found_rows = 'SQL_CALC_FOUND_ROWS';
		}

		$this->sql_clauses['select']  = "SELECT $found_rows $fields";
		$this->sql_clauses['from']    = "FROM $wpdb->site $join";
		$this->sql_clauses['groupby'] = $groupby;
		$this->sql_clauses['orderby'] = $orderby;
		$this->sql_clauses['limits']  = $limits;

		// Beginning of the string is on a new line to prevent leading whitespace. See https://core.trac.wordpress.org/ticket/56841.
		$this->request =
			"{$this->sql_clauses['select']}
			 {$this->sql_clauses['from']}
			 {$where}
			 {$this->sql_clauses['groupby']}
			 {$this->sql_clauses['orderby']}
			 {$this->sql_clauses['limits']}";

		if ( $this->query_vars['count'] ) {
			return (int) $wpdb->get_var( $this->request );
		}

		$network_ids = $wpdb->get_col( $this->request );

		return array_map( 'intval', $network_ids );
	}

	/**
	 * Populates found_networks and max_num_pages properties for the current query
	 * if the limit clause was used.
	 *
	 * @since 4.6.0
	 *
	 * @global wpdb $wpdb WordPress database abstraction object.
	 */
	private function set_found_networks() {
		global $wpdb;

		if ( $this->query_vars['number'] && ! $this->query_vars['no_found_rows'] ) {
			/**
			 * Filters the query used to retrieve found network count.
			 *
			 * @since 4.6.0
			 *
			 * @param string           $found_networks_query SQL query. Default 'SELECT FOUND_ROWS()'.
			 * @param WP_Network_Query $network_query        The `WP_Network_Query` instance.
			 */
			$found_networks_query = apply_filters( 'found_networks_query', 'SELECT FOUND_ROWS()', $this );

			$this->found_networks = (int) $wpdb->get_var( $found_networks_query );
		}
	}

	/**
	 * Used internally to generate an SQL string for searching across multiple columns.
	 *
	 * @since 4.6.0
	 *
	 * @global wpdb $wpdb WordPress database abstraction object.
	 *
	 * @param string   $search  Search string.
	 * @param string[] $columns Array of columns to search.
	 * @return string Search SQL.
	 */
	protected function get_search_sql( $search, $columns ) {
		global $wpdb;

		$like = '%' . $wpdb->esc_like( $search ) . '%';

		$searches = array();
		foreach ( $columns as $column ) {
			$searches[] = $wpdb->prepare( "$column LIKE %s", $like );
		}

		return '(' . implode( ' OR ', $searches ) . ')';
	}

	/**
	 * Parses and sanitizes 'orderby' keys passed to the network query.
	 *
	 * @since 4.6.0
	 *
	 * @global wpdb $wpdb WordPress database abstraction object.
	 *
	 * @param string $orderby Alias for the field to order by.
	 * @return string|false Value to used in the ORDER clause. False otherwise.
	 */
	protected function parse_orderby( $orderby ) {
		global $wpdb;

		$allowed_keys = array(
			'id',
			'domain',
			'path',
		);

		$parsed = false;
		if ( 'network__in' === $orderby ) {
			$network__in = implode( ',', array_map( 'absint', $this->query_vars['network__in'] ) );
			$parsed      = "FIELD( {$wpdb->site}.id, $network__in )";
		} elseif ( 'domain_length' === $orderby || 'path_length' === $orderby ) {
			$field  = substr( $orderby, 0, -7 );
			$parsed = "CHAR_LENGTH($wpdb->site.$field)";
		} elseif ( in_array( $orderby, $allowed_keys, true ) ) {
			$parsed = "$wpdb->site.$orderby";
		}

		return $parsed;
	}

	/**
	 * Parses an 'order' query variable and cast it to 'ASC' or 'DESC' as necessary.
	 *
	 * @since 4.6.0
	 *
	 * @param string $order The 'order' query variable.
	 * @return string The sanitized 'order' query variable.
	 */
	protected function parse_order( $order ) {
		if ( ! is_string( $order ) || empty( $order ) ) {
			return 'ASC';
		}

		if ( 'ASC' === strtoupper( $order ) ) {
			return 'ASC';
		} else {
			return 'DESC';
		}
	}
}
Betting arbitrarily may cause drainage of your money.

Best 4 Tips for IPL Betting

Betting and cricket have a deep relationship with them. Indian Premier League is the biggest cricket event where best cricketers from all corners of the world gather and entertain us with their mind-blowing talents. So those who love to gamble on games and sports, IPL is the best betting place for them. So IPL betting is the best way to earn money. But you know, gambling is the type of a game where luck depends. So here I am giving Best 4 online IPL betting tips.

Gathering Knowledge:

Gathering Knowledge

Betting arbitrarily may cause drainage of your money. The thing we need to do is research. Carefully study the team’s statistics. Evaluate the performances of the players in the last few matches. It is sometimes impossible to know that the players’ list who are going to play the match of the performance day. Because the list is released at the time of match sometimes. So, if you want to bet on a specific IPL team then gather all the information about the players.

Placing the Bets on Odds:

Placing the Bets on Odds

Odds are the options where we place our bets. We often place bets against the maximum bets to win more money. But to do that you have to invest the equivalent money on the bets. If you have studied the players and have a clear view in your mind then the winning chance is higher in your case. But if you have not then placed the bets on the odd where maximum bets are placed. The other gamblers who are in this field for a long have the idea of circumstances. So sometimes learning their strategies will be beneficial. The amount of profit may be less but after all, you are winning.

Go for The Free

If you ask the bookies who are controlling the betting process for the claim free bets then they will inform you. Depending upon the bookies, the value of wagers may be different. In sports betting, claiming on free bets especially in free wagers can increase the chance of your winning as well as profit. 

Study Movements

Study Movements

This is the most vital point and if you are able to crack it perfectly then the winning chance of your is 100%. This trick only applicable for sports especially in cricket. Two vital points are going to be discussed here. First one is, you probably know that the telecasting through radio or TV or the internet always have 30 secs to 1 minute of a delay from the real match. Another point is, studying the movement of the players. There is always some uniqueness within the players. The bowlers will do some kind of special move or set the hand in a special way when they are planning to take wickets. So if you crack this out then no one can stop you. If you want to bets in IPL through an online IPL betting app then there are plenty of them. Betway, Betwinner, Bodog and so many online IPL betting sites are there. And if you follow these free tips then you will be the winner.